Question 1

Mechanisms for controlling water movement between the fluid compartments of the body constitute the slowest-acting fluid balance devices.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

The ion with the least total concentration in body fluids is:

Accepted Answer

A)  chloride. 
B)  potassium. 
C)  calcium. 
D)  bicarbonate. 
A)  chloride. 
B)  potassium. 
C)  calcium. 
D)  bicarbonate.

Question 3

Match each term with its corresponding definition.
-Type of compound that dissociates into ions when dissolved in water

Accepted Answer

A) Osmoreceptors 
B) Electrolyte 
C) Intracellular 
D) Parenteral 
E) Extracellular
F)Milliequivalent
G)Cation
H)Anion
I)Interstitial
J)Blood hydrostatic pressure
K)Interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure 
A) Osmoreceptors 
B) Electrolyte 
C) Intracellular 
D) Parenteral 
E) Extracellular
F)Milliequivalent
G)Cation
H)Anion
I)Interstitial
J)Blood hydrostatic pressure
K)Interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure

Question 4

Explain the relationship between the sodium concentration in the interstitial fluid and the chloride concentration. Between the potassium concentration and the chloride concentration.

Accepted Answer

The relationship between the sodium conc

Question 5

A decrease in interstitial fluid sodium concentration will cause an immediate increase in interstitial fluid colloid osmotic pressure.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which of the following is not a method used for parenteral administration?

Accepted Answer

A)  Intravenous 
B)  Subcutaneous 
C)  Intramuscular 
D)  By mouth 
A)  Intravenous 
B)  Subcutaneous 
C)  Intramuscular 
D)  By mouth

Question 7

The amounts of antidiuretic hormone and aldosterone secreted determine the amount of water reabsorbed in the tubules.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The nephron has the ability to produce almost sodium-free urine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Match each term with its corresponding definition.
-Unit measuring the number of ionic charges or electrocovalent bonds in a solution; measure of reactivity of a particular electrolyte solution

Accepted Answer

A) Osmoreceptors 
B) Electrolyte 
C) Intracellular 
D) Parenteral 
E) Extracellular
F)Milliequivalent
G)Cation
H)Anion
I)Interstitial
J)Blood hydrostatic pressure
K)Interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure 
A) Osmoreceptors 
B) Electrolyte 
C) Intracellular 
D) Parenteral 
E) Extracellular
F)Milliequivalent
G)Cation
H)Anion
I)Interstitial
J)Blood hydrostatic pressure
K)Interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure

Question 10

Water normally leaves the body through _____ exits.

Accepted Answer

A)  two 
B)  three 
C)  four 
D)  five 
A)  two 
B)  three 
C)  four 
D)  five

Question 11

Potassium-rich foods can be used to treat:

Accepted Answer

A)  hypokalemia. 
B)  hypernatremia. 
C)  hyponatremia. 
D)  hyperkalemia. 
A)  hypokalemia. 
B)  hypernatremia. 
C)  hyponatremia. 
D)  hyperkalemia.

Question 12

Burns, infections, and shock may lead to an increase in plasma proteins, which then causes fluid imbalance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The two factors that determine urine volume are:

Accepted Answer

A)  the amounts of ADH and aldosterone secretion. 
B)  the amounts of ACTH and ADH secretion. 
C)  fluid intake and ADH secretion. 
D)  the glomerular filtration rate and the rate of water reabsorption by the renal tubules. 
A)  the amounts of ADH and aldosterone secretion. 
B)  the amounts of ACTH and ADH secretion. 
C)  fluid intake and ADH secretion. 
D)  the glomerular filtration rate and the rate of water reabsorption by the renal tubules.

Question 14

Positive ions of electrolytes are cations and are attracted to a cathode.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Explain how various hormones impact the amount of urine produced. What are the sources of these hormones? Why is water reabsorption more important than GFR in regulating urine volume?

Accepted Answer

Various hormones impact the amount of ur

Question 16

A 70-kg (154-lb) adult has a total body sodium pool of approximately 2800 to 3000 mEq.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Cell breakdown may lead to a potassium deficiency in the body.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The most important difference between blood plasma and interstitial fluid, when compared chemically, is:

Accepted Answer

A)  blood contains appreciable amounts of protein anions. 
B)  interstitial fluid contains appreciable amounts of protein anions. 
C)  blood contains less sodium ions. 
D)  interstitial fluid contains less chloride ions. 
A)  blood contains appreciable amounts of protein anions. 
B)  interstitial fluid contains appreciable amounts of protein anions. 
C)  blood contains less sodium ions. 
D)  interstitial fluid contains less chloride ions.

Question 19

The thirst center is located in the hypothalamus and SFO of the brain.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Impulses from the subfornical organ stimulates the release of ADH.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 43: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

Mechanisms for controlling water movement between the fluid compartments of the body constitute the slowest-acting fluid balance devices.

The ion with the least total concentration in body fluids is:

Match each term with its corresponding definition. -Type of compound that dissociates into ions when dissolved in water

Explain the relationship between the sodium concentration in the interstitial fluid and the chloride concentration. Between the potassium concentration and the chloride concentration.

A decrease in interstitial fluid sodium concentration will cause an immediate increase in interstitial fluid colloid osmotic pressure.

Which of the following is not a method used for parenteral administration?

The amounts of antidiuretic hormone and aldosterone secreted determine the amount of water reabsorbed in the tubules.

The nephron has the ability to produce almost sodium-free urine.

Match each term with its corresponding definition. -Unit measuring the number of ionic charges or electrocovalent bonds in a solution; measure of reactivity of a particular electrolyte solution

Water normally leaves the body through _____ exits.

Potassium-rich foods can be used to treat:

Burns, infections, and shock may lead to an increase in plasma proteins, which then causes fluid imbalance.

The two factors that determine urine volume are:

Positive ions of electrolytes are cations and are attracted to a cathode.

Explain how various hormones impact the amount of urine produced. What are the sources of these hormones? Why is water reabsorption more important than GFR in regulating urine volume?

A 70-kg (154-lb) adult has a total body sodium pool of approximately 2800 to 3000 mEq.

Cell breakdown may lead to a potassium deficiency in the body.

The most important difference between blood plasma and interstitial fluid, when compared chemically, is:

The thirst center is located in the hypothalamus and SFO of the brain.

Impulses from the subfornical organ stimulates the release of ADH.

Organization of the Body

Homeostasis

Chemical Basis of Life

Biomolecules

Cell Structure

Cell Function

Cell Growth and Development

Introduction to Tissues

Tissue Types

Skin

Skeletal Tissues

Axial Skeleton

Appendicular Skeleton

Articulations

Axial Muscles

Appendicular Muscles

Muscle Contraction

Nervous System Cells

Nerve Signaling

Central Nervous System

Peripheral Nervous System

Autonomic Nervous System

General Senses

Special Senses

Endocrine Regulation

Endocrine Glands

Blood

Heart

Blood Vessels

Circulation of the Blood

Lymphatic System

Innate Immunity

Adaptive Immunity

Stress

Respiratory Tract

Ventilation

Gas Exchange & Transport

Upper Digestive Tract

Lower Digestive Tract

Digestion and Absorption

Nutrition and Metabolism

Urinary System

Acid Base Balance

Male Reproductive System

Female Reproductive System

Growth and Development

Genetics and Heredity

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