Question 1

Skin "tenting" is a sign of possible dehydration.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Which of the following substances is released by the juxtaglomerular cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cortisol 
B)  Antidiuretic hormone 
C)  Aldosterone 
D)  Renin 
A)  Cortisol 
B)  Antidiuretic hormone 
C)  Aldosterone 
D)  Renin

Question 3

The mechanism of action for aldosterone and the mechanism of action for ADH differ because ADH regulates water whereas aldosterone regulates:

Accepted Answer

A)  potassium. 
B)  chloride. 
C)  calcium. 
D)  sodium. 
A)  potassium. 
B)  chloride. 
C)  calcium. 
D)  sodium.

Question 4

Chemical similarity predominates between the two extracellular fluids.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

When the effective filtration pressure equals zero:

Accepted Answer

A)  fluid shifts out of the blood into the interstitial fluid. 
B)  fluid shifts out of the interstitial fluid and into the blood. 
C)  no net transfer of water occurs between blood and interstitial fluid. 
D)  the extracellular fluid volume increases. 
A)  fluid shifts out of the blood into the interstitial fluid. 
B)  fluid shifts out of the interstitial fluid and into the blood. 
C)  no net transfer of water occurs between blood and interstitial fluid. 
D)  the extracellular fluid volume increases.

Question 6

Because of unknown mechanisms, the secretion of saliva generally increases when there is a decrease in the total volume of body water.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Angiotensin I is converted to angiotensin II by the liver.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Fluid tends to be pushed out of the blood vessels at the venous end and reabsorbed at the arterial end.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The body fluid that stays constant as a percentage of body weight throughout life is:

Accepted Answer

A)  intracellular fluid. 
B)  plasma. 
C)  interstitial fluid. 
D)  extracellular fluid. 
A)  intracellular fluid. 
B)  plasma. 
C)  interstitial fluid. 
D)  extracellular fluid.

Question 10

Which of the following body fluid compartments has the same volume (percentage of body weight) in the infant, the adult male, and the adult female?

Accepted Answer

A)  Plasma 
B)  Interstitial fluid 
C)  Extracellular fluid 
D)  Intracellular fluid 
A)  Plasma 
B)  Interstitial fluid 
C)  Extracellular fluid 
D)  Intracellular fluid

Question 11

Match each term related to abnormal conditions with its corresponding definition or explanation.
-A fluid volume deficit that can lead to a state of dehydration

Accepted Answer

A) Dehydration 
B) Hypovolemia 
C) Hyponatremia 
D) Edema 
E) Hypervolemia
F)Hyperkalemia
G)Hypokalemia 
A) Dehydration 
B) Hypovolemia 
C) Hyponatremia 
D) Edema 
E) Hypervolemia
F)Hyperkalemia
G)Hypokalemia

Question 12

The most accurate measurement of the body's store of potassium is an arterial blood sample.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

When the posterior lobe of the pituitary is stimulated to increase its secretion of ADH, the first event to occur is a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  increase in urine volume. 
B)  increase in the kidney tubule reabsorption of water. 
C)  decrease in the kidney tubule reabsorption of water. 
D)  decrease in ECF volume. 
A)  increase in urine volume. 
B)  increase in the kidney tubule reabsorption of water. 
C)  decrease in the kidney tubule reabsorption of water. 
D)  decrease in ECF volume.

Question 14

Match each term related to abnormal conditions with its corresponding definition or explanation.
-A condition of decreased serum sodium concentration below the normal range

Accepted Answer

A) Dehydration 
B) Hypovolemia 
C) Hyponatremia 
D) Edema 
E) Hypervolemia
F)Hyperkalemia
G)Hypokalemia 
A) Dehydration 
B) Hypovolemia 
C) Hyponatremia 
D) Edema 
E) Hypervolemia
F)Hyperkalemia
G)Hypokalemia

Question 15

With an equal milligram percent in solution, calcium would have a(n) _____ milliequivalent than potassium.

Accepted Answer

A)  greater 
B)  lesser 
C)  equal 
D)  There is not enough information to determine the milliequivalent. 
A)  greater 
B)  lesser 
C)  equal 
D)  There is not enough information to determine the milliequivalent.

Question 16

Lymph, joint fluid, and the fluid in joint capsules is considered transcellular fluid.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Functionally, total body water can be subdivided into two fluid compartments-plasma and interstitial.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Juxtaglomerular cells are located in the:

Accepted Answer

A)  kidney. 
B)  adrenal cortex. 
C)  liver. 
D)  adrenal medulla. 
A)  kidney. 
B)  adrenal cortex. 
C)  liver. 
D)  adrenal medulla.

Question 19

Which of the following sites of fluid loss can be automatically adjusted according to fluid intake volume?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lungs 
B)  Skin 
C)  Intestine 
D)  Kidney 
A)  Lungs 
B)  Skin 
C)  Intestine 
D)  Kidney

Question 20

Normal values for total body water as a percentage of body weight will vary from 45% to 75%.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 43: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

Skin "tenting" is a sign of possible dehydration.

Which of the following substances is released by the juxtaglomerular cells?

The mechanism of action for aldosterone and the mechanism of action for ADH differ because ADH regulates water whereas aldosterone regulates:

Chemical similarity predominates between the two extracellular fluids.

When the effective filtration pressure equals zero:

Because of unknown mechanisms, the secretion of saliva generally increases when there is a decrease in the total volume of body water.

Angiotensin I is converted to angiotensin II by the liver.

Fluid tends to be pushed out of the blood vessels at the venous end and reabsorbed at the arterial end.

The body fluid that stays constant as a percentage of body weight throughout life is:

Which of the following body fluid compartments has the same volume (percentage of body weight) in the infant, the adult male, and the adult female?

Match each term related to abnormal conditions with its corresponding definition or explanation. -A fluid volume deficit that can lead to a state of dehydration

The most accurate measurement of the body's store of potassium is an arterial blood sample.

When the posterior lobe of the pituitary is stimulated to increase its secretion of ADH, the first event to occur is a(n):

Match each term related to abnormal conditions with its corresponding definition or explanation. -A condition of decreased serum sodium concentration below the normal range

With an equal milligram percent in solution, calcium would have a(n) _____ milliequivalent than potassium.

Lymph, joint fluid, and the fluid in joint capsules is considered transcellular fluid.

Functionally, total body water can be subdivided into two fluid compartments-plasma and interstitial.

Juxtaglomerular cells are located in the:

Which of the following sites of fluid loss can be automatically adjusted according to fluid intake volume?

Normal values for total body water as a percentage of body weight will vary from 45% to 75%.

Organization of the Body

Homeostasis

Chemical Basis of Life

Biomolecules

Cell Structure

Cell Function

Cell Growth and Development

Introduction to Tissues

Tissue Types

Skin

Skeletal Tissues

Axial Skeleton

Appendicular Skeleton

Articulations

Axial Muscles

Appendicular Muscles

Muscle Contraction

Nervous System Cells

Nerve Signaling

Central Nervous System

Peripheral Nervous System

Autonomic Nervous System

General Senses

Special Senses

Endocrine Regulation

Endocrine Glands

Blood

Heart

Blood Vessels

Circulation of the Blood

Lymphatic System

Innate Immunity

Adaptive Immunity

Stress

Respiratory Tract

Ventilation

Gas Exchange & Transport

Upper Digestive Tract

Lower Digestive Tract

Digestion and Absorption

Nutrition and Metabolism

Urinary System

Acid Base Balance

Male Reproductive System

Female Reproductive System

Growth and Development

Genetics and Heredity

Filters