Exam 43: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

A person who hyperventilates could lose excessive amounts of water and electrolytes.

Ringer solution is often described as normal saline solution modified by the addition of:

Respiration contributes to the obligatory water loss of the body.

If two electrodes charged with a weak current were placed in a solution of NaCl, the positive electrode would attract:

Movement of water and solutes between ECF and ICF spaces is influenced by all of the following except:

Extracellular fluid has two main functions-providing a relatively constant internal environment for the cells and transporting materials to and from them.

In infants, total body water constitutes approximately 40% of body weight.

Angiotensin I is converted to angiotensin II in the:

The release of aldosterone can cause an increase in the blood colloid osmotic pressure.

How does an electrolyte imbalance lead to fluid imbalances?

The amount of water removed by the kidney as urine is greater than all the other sources of water loss combined.

The most common cause of edema is generalized venous congestion as a result of heart failure.

Acidosis can be treated rapidly by the intravenous administration of ammonium chloride.

Which of the following sites of fluid loss can be automatically adjusted according to fluid intake volume?

Water is added to the body only through the digestive tract.

Which of the following is not considered an extracellular fluid?

The skin is one of the areas of the body that contributes to obligatory water loss.

If a solution of sodium (Na⁺, atomic weight = 23) and a solution of calcium (Ca²⁺, atomic weight = 40) had equal mg%, what would be the mEq/L of each?

Milligram percent is the most common unit used to measure electrolyte concentration.

An imbalance of electrolytes between the cells and intercellular areas will cause an imbalance of fluids.