Question 1

What does point A represent on the pressure-time scalar shown in the figure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Plateau pressure 
B)  Maximum safety pressure 
C)  Positive end-expiratory pressure 
D)  Auto-PEEP 
A)  Plateau pressure 
B)  Maximum safety pressure 
C)  Positive end-expiratory pressure 
D)  Auto-PEEP

Question 2

Which of the following variables cannot be exceeded during inspiration?

Accepted Answer

A)  Limit 
B)  Cycle 
C)  Safety 
D)  Trigger 
A)  Limit 
B)  Cycle 
C)  Safety 
D)  Trigger

Question 3

Which of the following flow-termination settings for a pressure-supported breath that has a peak inspiratory flow of 30 L/min would allow enough time for a visible plateau on the pressure-time curve?

Accepted Answer

A)  5 L/min 
B)  20 L/min 
C)  20% of peak flow 
D)  30% of peak flow 
A)  5 L/min 
B)  20 L/min 
C)  20% of peak flow 
D)  30% of peak flow

Question 4

The main parameter that the ventilator manipulates for any given breath is referred to as which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Control circuit 
B)  Phase variable 
C)  Control variable 
D)  Cycle variable 
A)  Control circuit 
B)  Phase variable 
C)  Control variable 
D)  Cycle variable

Question 5

Which of the following modes of ventilation requires the use of a special nasogastric tube that is fitted with an electrode array?

Accepted Answer

A)  High-frequency oscillatory ventilation 
B)  Neurally adjusted ventilatory assist 
C)  High-frequency jet ventilation 
D)  Adaptive support ventilation 
A)  High-frequency oscillatory ventilation 
B)  Neurally adjusted ventilatory assist 
C)  High-frequency jet ventilation 
D)  Adaptive support ventilation

Question 6

What is the static lung compliance when the returned tidal volume is 460 mL,the positive end-expiratory pressure is 8 cm H₂O,the peak inspiratory pressure is 27 cm H₂O,and the plateau pressure is 18 cm H₂O?

Accepted Answer

A)  20 mL/cm H₂O 
B)  26 mL/cm H₂O 
C)  46 mL/cm H₂O 
D)  51 mL/cm H₂O 
A)  20 mL/cm H₂O 
B)  26 mL/cm H₂O 
C)  46 mL/cm H₂O 
D)  51 mL/cm H₂O

Question 7

Which of the following types of high-frequency ventilation involves the delivery of pulsations under pressure through a small lumen at rates of 1.7 to 10 Hz?

Accepted Answer

A)  Jet 
B)  Oscillatory 
C)  Positive-pressure 
D)  Flow interruption 
A)  Jet 
B)  Oscillatory 
C)  Positive-pressure 
D)  Flow interruption

Question 8

The pressure-versus-time curve in the figure represents which of the following ventilator modes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Airway pressure-release ventilation 
B)  Pressure-support ventilation with continuous positive airway pressure 
C)  Pressure-controlled intermittent mandatory ventilation plus pressure support 
D)  Volume-controlled intermittent mandatory ventilation plus pressure support 
A)  Airway pressure-release ventilation 
B)  Pressure-support ventilation with continuous positive airway pressure 
C)  Pressure-controlled intermittent mandatory ventilation plus pressure support 
D)  Volume-controlled intermittent mandatory ventilation plus pressure support

Question 9

The ventilator mode that is either patient triggered or time triggered and allows the patient to breathe spontaneously between mandatory ventilator breaths is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  Pressure-support ventilation 
B)  Pressure-controlled ventilation 
C)  Intermittent mandatory ventilation 
D)  Continuous mandatory ventilation 
A)  Pressure-support ventilation 
B)  Pressure-controlled ventilation 
C)  Intermittent mandatory ventilation 
D)  Continuous mandatory ventilation

Question 10

The statement "The baseline pressure is elevated but is periodically released to a lower level for a very brief period,and the patient is allowed to breathe spontaneously at each level" describes which of the following ventilator modes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bilevel positive airway pressure 
B)  Pressure-controlled inverse-ratio ventilation 
C)  Airway pressure-release ventilation 
D)  Mandatory minute ventilation 
A)  Bilevel positive airway pressure 
B)  Pressure-controlled inverse-ratio ventilation 
C)  Airway pressure-release ventilation 
D)  Mandatory minute ventilation

Question 11

During pressure-targeted ventilation with a set pressure of 24 cm H₂O,the patient coughs.The ventilator responds by in which of the following ways?

Accepted Answer

A)  Inspiration ends immediately. 
B)  Inspiratory time increases. 
C)  Inspiration continues with the set pressure. 
D)  Inspiratory pressure ends at the maximum safety pressure. 
A)  Inspiration ends immediately. 
B)  Inspiratory time increases. 
C)  Inspiration continues with the set pressure. 
D)  Inspiratory pressure ends at the maximum safety pressure.

Question 12

The set tidal volume is 500 mL.During the first breath,the exhaled volume measures 390 mL,with a peak pressure of 18 cm H₂O.The second breath returns 460 mL,with 20 cm H₂O.The third breath has a peak pressure of 22 cm H₂O,with an exhaled volume of 500 mL.This can be described as what type of system?

Accepted Answer

A)  Open-loop 
B)  Closed-loop 
C)  Single-circuit 
D)  Double-circuit 
A)  Open-loop 
B)  Closed-loop 
C)  Single-circuit 
D)  Double-circuit

Question 13

The tidal volume of a breath from a high-frequency jet ventilator depends on which of the following factors?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pulsation pressure 
B)  Amount of bias flow 
C)  Frequency of the driving pressure 
D)  Jet orifice size 
A)  Pulsation pressure 
B)  Amount of bias flow 
C)  Frequency of the driving pressure 
D)  Jet orifice size

Question 14

Which of the following ventilator modes is recommended for patients who have intact respiratory centers and who are breathing spontaneously?

Accepted Answer

A)  Intermittent mandatory ventilation 
B)  Pressure-support ventilation 
C)  Pressure-controlled ventilation 
D)  Continuous mandatory ventilation 
A)  Intermittent mandatory ventilation 
B)  Pressure-support ventilation 
C)  Pressure-controlled ventilation 
D)  Continuous mandatory ventilation

Question 15

What is the expiratory time when the tidal volume is 700 mL,the flow rate is 50 L/min,and the inspiratory time-to-expiratory time ratio is 1:3?

Accepted Answer

A)  0.42 second 
B)  0.70 second 
C)  2.52 seconds 
D)  4.67 seconds 
A)  0.42 second 
B)  0.70 second 
C)  2.52 seconds 
D)  4.67 seconds

Question 16

Improving lung compliance during volume-controlled ventilation would cause a(n)_____ in peak _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  decease; pressure 
B)  increase; pressure 
C)  decrease; flow rate 
D)  increase; flow rate 
A)  decease; pressure 
B)  increase; pressure 
C)  decrease; flow rate 
D)  increase; flow rate

Question 17

Which of the following flow-controlling valves operates by using the principles of electromagnetism?

Accepted Answer

A)  Poppet 
B)  Stepper motor 
C)  Proportional solenoid 
D)  Microprocessor-operated 
A)  Poppet 
B)  Stepper motor 
C)  Proportional solenoid 
D)  Microprocessor-operated

Question 18

How much volume is lost in the ventilator circuit when the volume is set at 500 mL,the peak inspiratory pressure is 40 cm H₂O,and the tubing compliance is 3 mL/cm H₂O?

Accepted Answer

A)  380 mL 
B)  280 mL 
C)  150 mL 
D)  120 mL 
A)  380 mL 
B)  280 mL 
C)  150 mL 
D)  120 mL

Question 19

The maximum safety pressure should be set at _____ cm H₂O when the peak pressure reached during volume-controlled ventilation is 25 cm H₂O.

Accepted Answer

A)  30 
B)  35 
C)  40 
D)  45 
A)  30 
B)  35 
C)  40 
D)  45

Question 20

What is the inspiratory time-to-expiratory time ratio for the following ventilator settings: a minute volume of 8 L/min,a respiratory rate of 10 breaths/min,and a flow rate of 40 L/min?

Accepted Answer

A)  1:2 
B)  1:3 
C)  1:4 
D)  1:5 
A)  1:2 
B)  1:3 
C)  1:4 
D)  1:5

What does point A represent on the pressure-time scalar shown in the figure?

Which of the following variables cannot be exceeded during inspiration?

Which of the following flow-termination settings for a pressure-supported breath that has a peak inspiratory flow of 30 L/min would allow enough time for a visible plateau on the pressure-time curve?

The main parameter that the ventilator manipulates for any given breath is referred to as which of the following?

Which of the following modes of ventilation requires the use of a special nasogastric tube that is fitted with an electrode array?

What is the static lung compliance when the returned tidal volume is 460 mL,the positive end-expiratory pressure is 8 cm H₂O,the peak inspiratory pressure is 27 cm H₂O,and the plateau pressure is 18 cm H₂O?

Which of the following types of high-frequency ventilation involves the delivery of pulsations under pressure through a small lumen at rates of 1.7 to 10 Hz?

The pressure-versus-time curve in the figure represents which of the following ventilator modes?

The ventilator mode that is either patient triggered or time triggered and allows the patient to breathe spontaneously between mandatory ventilator breaths is known as:

The statement "The baseline pressure is elevated but is periodically released to a lower level for a very brief period,and the patient is allowed to breathe spontaneously at each level" describes which of the following ventilator modes?

During pressure-targeted ventilation with a set pressure of 24 cm H₂O,the patient coughs.The ventilator responds by in which of the following ways?

The tidal volume of a breath from a high-frequency jet ventilator depends on which of the following factors?

Which of the following ventilator modes is recommended for patients who have intact respiratory centers and who are breathing spontaneously?

What is the expiratory time when the tidal volume is 700 mL,the flow rate is 50 L/min,and the inspiratory time-to-expiratory time ratio is 1:3?

Improving lung compliance during volume-controlled ventilation would cause a(n)_ in peak _.

Which of the following flow-controlling valves operates by using the principles of electromagnetism?

How much volume is lost in the ventilator circuit when the volume is set at 500 mL,the peak inspiratory pressure is 40 cm H₂O,and the tubing compliance is 3 mL/cm H₂O?

The maximum safety pressure should be set at _____ cm H₂O when the peak pressure reached during volume-controlled ventilation is 25 cm H₂O.

What is the inspiratory time-to-expiratory time ratio for the following ventilator settings: a minute volume of 8 L/min,a respiratory rate of 10 breaths/min,and a flow rate of 40 L/min?

Basic Physics for the Respiratory Therapist

Principles of Infection Control

Manufacture, Storage, and Transport of Medical Gases

Administering Medical Gases: Regulators, Flowmeters, and

Airway Management Devices and Advanced Cardiac Life Support

Humidity and Aerosol Therapy

Lung Expansion Therapy Devices

Assessment of Pulmonary Function

Assessment of Cardiovascular Function

Blood Gas Monitoring

Sleep Diagnostics

Mechanical Ventilators: General-Use Devices

Infant and Pediatric Devices

Transport, Home Care, and Noninvasive Ventilatory Devices

Filters

Exam 12: Introduction to Ventilators

What does point A represent on the pressure-time scalar shown in the figure?

Which of the following variables cannot be exceeded during inspiration?

Which of the following flow-termination settings for a pressure-supported breath that has a peak inspiratory flow of 30 L/min would allow enough time for a visible plateau on the pressure-time curve?

The main parameter that the ventilator manipulates for any given breath is referred to as which of the following?

Which of the following modes of ventilation requires the use of a special nasogastric tube that is fitted with an electrode array?

What is the static lung compliance when the returned tidal volume is 460 mL,the positive end-expiratory pressure is 8 cm H₂O,the peak inspiratory pressure is 27 cm H₂O,and the plateau pressure is 18 cm H₂O?

Which of the following types of high-frequency ventilation involves the delivery of pulsations under pressure through a small lumen at rates of 1.7 to 10 Hz?

The pressure-versus-time curve in the figure represents which of the following ventilator modes?

The ventilator mode that is either patient triggered or time triggered and allows the patient to breathe spontaneously between mandatory ventilator breaths is known as:

The statement "The baseline pressure is elevated but is periodically released to a lower level for a very brief period,and the patient is allowed to breathe spontaneously at each level" describes which of the following ventilator modes?

During pressure-targeted ventilation with a set pressure of 24 cm H₂O,the patient coughs.The ventilator responds by in which of the following ways?

The tidal volume of a breath from a high-frequency jet ventilator depends on which of the following factors?

Which of the following ventilator modes is recommended for patients who have intact respiratory centers and who are breathing spontaneously?

What is the expiratory time when the tidal volume is 700 mL,the flow rate is 50 L/min,and the inspiratory time-to-expiratory time ratio is 1:3?

Improving lung compliance during volume-controlled ventilation would cause a(n)_____ in peak _____.

Which of the following flow-controlling valves operates by using the principles of electromagnetism?

How much volume is lost in the ventilator circuit when the volume is set at 500 mL,the peak inspiratory pressure is 40 cm H₂O,and the tubing compliance is 3 mL/cm H₂O?

The maximum safety pressure should be set at _____ cm H₂O when the peak pressure reached during volume-controlled ventilation is 25 cm H₂O.

What is the inspiratory time-to-expiratory time ratio for the following ventilator settings: a minute volume of 8 L/min,a respiratory rate of 10 breaths/min,and a flow rate of 40 L/min?

Basic Physics for the Respiratory Therapist

Principles of Infection Control

Manufacture, Storage, and Transport of Medical Gases

Administering Medical Gases: Regulators, Flowmeters, and

Airway Management Devices and Advanced Cardiac Life Support

Humidity and Aerosol Therapy

Lung Expansion Therapy Devices

Assessment of Pulmonary Function

Assessment of Cardiovascular Function

Blood Gas Monitoring

Sleep Diagnostics

Mechanical Ventilators: General-Use Devices

Infant and Pediatric Devices

Transport, Home Care, and Noninvasive Ventilatory Devices

Filters

Improving lung compliance during volume-controlled ventilation would cause a(n)_ in peak _.