Question 1

The flow,volume,and pressure waveforms characteristic of volume breaths with a sine-like flow pattern are shown in which column of the figure?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D

Question 2

Which of the following represents the safe starting point for pressure support of a patient just placed on volume-controlled intermittent mandatory ventilation with the following set and measured parameters: tidal volume,475 mL; peak inspiratory pressure,30 cm H₂O; plateau pressure,10 cm H₂O; and flow rate,45 L/min?

Accepted Answer

A)  4 cm H₂O 
B)  7 cm H₂O 
C)  20 cm H₂O 
D)  27 cm H₂O 
A)  4 cm H₂O 
B)  7 cm H₂O 
C)  20 cm H₂O 
D)  27 cm H₂O

Question 3

The function of the exhalation valve in the external circuit is to do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Deflate during inspiration to allow the gas to go to the patient 
B)  Inflate during inspiration to prevent leaks in the inspiratory circuit 
C)  Inflate during inspiration to divert gas coming from the ventilator into the patient 
D)  Inflate during expiration to allow the patient to exhale through the expiratory line 
A)  Deflate during inspiration to allow the gas to go to the patient 
B)  Inflate during inspiration to prevent leaks in the inspiratory circuit 
C)  Inflate during inspiration to divert gas coming from the ventilator into the patient 
D)  Inflate during expiration to allow the patient to exhale through the expiratory line

Question 4

Adult candidates for pressure-support ventilation include patients with which of the following?
1)Nasotracheal tube
2)Minute ventilation 20 breaths/min

Accepted Answer

A)  1 and 2 
B)  1 and 4 
C)  2,3,and 4 
D)  1,3,and 4 
A)  1 and 2 
B)  1 and 4 
C)  2,3,and 4 
D)  1,3,and 4

Question 5

Plateau pressure may be obtained during volume ventilation by using which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Expiratory pause 
B)  Inspiratory pause 
C)  End-expiratory pressure 
D)  Increased inspiratory time 
A)  Expiratory pause 
B)  Inspiratory pause 
C)  End-expiratory pressure 
D)  Increased inspiratory time

Question 6

The transairway pressure represents the pressure associated with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Elastic recoil 
B)  Airflow resistance 
C)  Tubing compressibility 
D)  End-expiratory pressure 
A)  Elastic recoil 
B)  Airflow resistance 
C)  Tubing compressibility 
D)  End-expiratory pressure

Question 7

Which of the following represents the amount of time for a pressure-targeted ventilator breath to reach the set pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rise time 
B)  Inspiratory time 
C)  Total cycle time 
D)  Inspiratory hold 
A)  Rise time 
B)  Inspiratory time 
C)  Total cycle time 
D)  Inspiratory hold

Question 8

What is the compressibility factor for the patient circuit when the ventilator volume is set at 200 mL,the recorded peak inspiratory pressure is 72 cm H₂O,and the measured volume is 148 mL?

Accepted Answer

A)  0.36 cm H₂O/mL 
B)  0.49 cm H₂O/mL 
C)  2.06 mL/cm H₂O 
D)  2.78 mL/cm H₂O 
A)  0.36 cm H₂O/mL 
B)  0.49 cm H₂O/mL 
C)  2.06 mL/cm H₂O 
D)  2.78 mL/cm H₂O

Question 9

What is the total cycle time for a frequency of 14 breaths/min and a ratio of inspiratory time to expiratory time of 1:3?

Accepted Answer

A)  1.07 second 
B)  2.33 seconds 
C)  3.21 seconds 
D)  4.29 seconds 
A)  1.07 second 
B)  2.33 seconds 
C)  3.21 seconds 
D)  4.29 seconds

Question 10

In the figure,the pressure-time curve that represents pressure-controlled intermittent mandatory ventilation plus pressure support is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D

Question 11

Active expiration occurs in which ventilator mode?

Accepted Answer

A)  Proportional assist ventilation 
B)  High-frequency jet ventilation 
C)  Airway pressure-release ventilation 
D)  High-frequency oscillatory ventilation 
A)  Proportional assist ventilation 
B)  High-frequency jet ventilation 
C)  Airway pressure-release ventilation 
D)  High-frequency oscillatory ventilation

Question 12

The statement "The breaths are pressure-limited,but the pressure limit can be adjusted between breaths to achieve a preset tidal volume" describes which of the following modes of ventilation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dual mode 
B)  Servo mode 
C)  Adaptive mode 
D)  Knowledge-based mode 
A)  Dual mode 
B)  Servo mode 
C)  Adaptive mode 
D)  Knowledge-based mode

Question 13

Which of the following ventilator modes decreases the effect of airway resistance on the patient's spontaneous breathing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pressure-support ventilation 
B)  Pressure-controlled continuous mandatory ventilation 
C)  Volume-controlled intermittent mandatory ventilation 
D)  Volume-controlled continuous mandatory ventilation 
A)  Pressure-support ventilation 
B)  Pressure-controlled continuous mandatory ventilation 
C)  Volume-controlled intermittent mandatory ventilation 
D)  Volume-controlled continuous mandatory ventilation

Question 14

What is the flow rate if the set volume is 550 mL and the inspiratory time is 1.2 second?

Accepted Answer

A)  27.5 L/min 
B)  45.8 L/min 
C)  55 L/min 
D)  66 L/min 
A)  27.5 L/min 
B)  45.8 L/min 
C)  55 L/min 
D)  66 L/min

Question 15

Which of the following control modes of ventilation consists of pressure-limited mandatory breaths that can be automatically adjusted between breaths to achieve a preset tidal volume?

Accepted Answer

A)  Servo 
B)  Optimal 
C)  Adaptive 
D)  Auto-set-point 
A)  Servo 
B)  Optimal 
C)  Adaptive 
D)  Auto-set-point

Question 16

Which of the following is a device that uses a flow resistor to create expiratory pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Positive expiratory pressure mask 
B)  Downs continuous positive airway pressure generator 
C)  Modern ventilator 
D)  Fluidic device 
A)  Positive expiratory pressure mask 
B)  Downs continuous positive airway pressure generator 
C)  Modern ventilator 
D)  Fluidic device

Question 17

What is the mode depicted in the pressure-versus-time waveform in the figure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Airway pressure-release ventilation 
B)  Bilevel positive airway pressure 
C)  Pressure-controlled intermittent mandatory ventilation plus pressure support 
D)  Volume-controlled intermittent mandatory ventilation plus pressure support 
A)  Airway pressure-release ventilation 
B)  Bilevel positive airway pressure 
C)  Pressure-controlled intermittent mandatory ventilation plus pressure support 
D)  Volume-controlled intermittent mandatory ventilation plus pressure support

Question 18

Which of the following is the formula for transairway pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Peak inspiratory pressure - Plateau pressure 
B)  Plateau pressure - Peak inspiratory pressure 
C)  Positive end-expiratory pressure - Plateau pressure 
D)  Peak inspiratory pressure - Positive end-expiratory pressure 
A)  Peak inspiratory pressure - Plateau pressure 
B)  Plateau pressure - Peak inspiratory pressure 
C)  Positive end-expiratory pressure - Plateau pressure 
D)  Peak inspiratory pressure - Positive end-expiratory pressure

Question 19

When the maximum safety pressure on a volume ventilator is reached,which of the following occurs?

Accepted Answer

A)  The flow rate begins to taper. 
B)  Pressure is held until the time cycle is reached. 
C)  Pressure is held until the ventilator volume cycles. 
D)  Inspiration ends before the entire volume is delivered. 
A)  The flow rate begins to taper. 
B)  Pressure is held until the time cycle is reached. 
C)  Pressure is held until the ventilator volume cycles. 
D)  Inspiration ends before the entire volume is delivered.

Question 20

During volume ventilation,peak inspiratory pressure is the pressure needed to overcome which two of the following factors?
1)Muscle pressure
2)Airflow resistance
3)Elastic recoil pressure
4)Transthoracic pressure

Accepted Answer

A)  1 and 2 
B)  1 and 3 
C)  3 and 4 
D)  2 and 3 
A)  1 and 2 
B)  1 and 3 
C)  3 and 4 
D)  2 and 3

The flow,volume,and pressure waveforms characteristic of volume breaths with a sine-like flow pattern are shown in which column of the figure?

The function of the exhalation valve in the external circuit is to do which of the following?

Adult candidates for pressure-support ventilation include patients with which of the following? 1)Nasotracheal tube 2)Minute ventilation <10 L 3)Spontaneous tidal volume <100 mL 4)Spontaneous respiratory rate >20 breaths/min

Plateau pressure may be obtained during volume ventilation by using which of the following?

The transairway pressure represents the pressure associated with which of the following?

Which of the following represents the amount of time for a pressure-targeted ventilator breath to reach the set pressure?

What is the compressibility factor for the patient circuit when the ventilator volume is set at 200 mL,the recorded peak inspiratory pressure is 72 cm H₂O,and the measured volume is 148 mL?

What is the total cycle time for a frequency of 14 breaths/min and a ratio of inspiratory time to expiratory time of 1:3?

In the figure,the pressure-time curve that represents pressure-controlled intermittent mandatory ventilation plus pressure support is which of the following?

Active expiration occurs in which ventilator mode?

The statement "The breaths are pressure-limited,but the pressure limit can be adjusted between breaths to achieve a preset tidal volume" describes which of the following modes of ventilation?

Which of the following ventilator modes decreases the effect of airway resistance on the patient's spontaneous breathing?

What is the flow rate if the set volume is 550 mL and the inspiratory time is 1.2 second?

Which of the following control modes of ventilation consists of pressure-limited mandatory breaths that can be automatically adjusted between breaths to achieve a preset tidal volume?

Which of the following is a device that uses a flow resistor to create expiratory pressure?

What is the mode depicted in the pressure-versus-time waveform in the figure?

Which of the following is the formula for transairway pressure?

When the maximum safety pressure on a volume ventilator is reached,which of the following occurs?

During volume ventilation,peak inspiratory pressure is the pressure needed to overcome which two of the following factors? 1)Muscle pressure 2)Airflow resistance 3)Elastic recoil pressure 4)Transthoracic pressure

Basic Physics for the Respiratory Therapist

Principles of Infection Control

Manufacture, Storage, and Transport of Medical Gases

Administering Medical Gases: Regulators, Flowmeters, and

Airway Management Devices and Advanced Cardiac Life Support

Humidity and Aerosol Therapy

Lung Expansion Therapy Devices

Assessment of Pulmonary Function

Assessment of Cardiovascular Function

Blood Gas Monitoring

Sleep Diagnostics

Mechanical Ventilators: General-Use Devices

Infant and Pediatric Devices

Transport, Home Care, and Noninvasive Ventilatory Devices

Filters

Exam 12: Introduction to Ventilators

The flow,volume,and pressure waveforms characteristic of volume breaths with a sine-like flow pattern are shown in which column of the figure?

The function of the exhalation valve in the external circuit is to do which of the following?

Adult candidates for pressure-support ventilation include patients with which of the following? 1)Nasotracheal tube 2)Minute ventilation <10 L 3)Spontaneous tidal volume <100 mL 4)Spontaneous respiratory rate >20 breaths/min

Plateau pressure may be obtained during volume ventilation by using which of the following?

The transairway pressure represents the pressure associated with which of the following?

Which of the following represents the amount of time for a pressure-targeted ventilator breath to reach the set pressure?

What is the compressibility factor for the patient circuit when the ventilator volume is set at 200 mL,the recorded peak inspiratory pressure is 72 cm H₂O,and the measured volume is 148 mL?

What is the total cycle time for a frequency of 14 breaths/min and a ratio of inspiratory time to expiratory time of 1:3?

In the figure,the pressure-time curve that represents pressure-controlled intermittent mandatory ventilation plus pressure support is which of the following?

Active expiration occurs in which ventilator mode?

The statement "The breaths are pressure-limited,but the pressure limit can be adjusted between breaths to achieve a preset tidal volume" describes which of the following modes of ventilation?

Which of the following ventilator modes decreases the effect of airway resistance on the patient's spontaneous breathing?

What is the flow rate if the set volume is 550 mL and the inspiratory time is 1.2 second?

Which of the following control modes of ventilation consists of pressure-limited mandatory breaths that can be automatically adjusted between breaths to achieve a preset tidal volume?

Which of the following is a device that uses a flow resistor to create expiratory pressure?

What is the mode depicted in the pressure-versus-time waveform in the figure?

Which of the following is the formula for transairway pressure?

When the maximum safety pressure on a volume ventilator is reached,which of the following occurs?

During volume ventilation,peak inspiratory pressure is the pressure needed to overcome which two of the following factors? 1)Muscle pressure 2)Airflow resistance 3)Elastic recoil pressure 4)Transthoracic pressure

Basic Physics for the Respiratory Therapist

Principles of Infection Control

Manufacture, Storage, and Transport of Medical Gases

Administering Medical Gases: Regulators, Flowmeters, and

Airway Management Devices and Advanced Cardiac Life Support

Humidity and Aerosol Therapy

Lung Expansion Therapy Devices

Assessment of Pulmonary Function

Assessment of Cardiovascular Function

Blood Gas Monitoring

Sleep Diagnostics

Mechanical Ventilators: General-Use Devices

Infant and Pediatric Devices

Transport, Home Care, and Noninvasive Ventilatory Devices

Filters