Question 1

Lizards can control spider populations on Caribbean islands by which density-dependent mechanism(s)?

Accepted Answer

A)  predation only 
B)  competition only 
C)  predation on a common predator only 
D)  predation and competition 
E)  predation, competition, and predation on a common predator 
A)  predation only 
B)  competition only 
C)  predation on a common predator only 
D)  predation and competition 
E)  predation, competition, and predation on a common predator

Question 2

Recent studies have demonstrated evolution in some populations over a span of time as short as ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  single years 
B)  decades 
C)  centuries 
D)  thousands of years 
E)  millions of years 
A)  single years 
B)  decades 
C)  centuries 
D)  thousands of years 
E)  millions of years

Question 3

The increased mortality of coniferous trees in the Pacific Northwest between 1955 and 2007 is an example of a reaction to ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  density-independent factors 
B)  density-dependent factors 
C)  predation 
D)  crowding 
E)  population growth 
A)  density-independent factors 
B)  density-dependent factors 
C)  predation 
D)  crowding 
E)  population growth

Question 4

A time lag in the response of survivorship and fecundity to a population's density can occur because ____ is usually determined by the availability of resources at some time in the past.

Accepted Answer

A)  death 
B)  immigration 
C)  fecundity 
D)  competition 
E)  population growth 
A)  death 
B)  immigration 
C)  fecundity 
D)  competition 
E)  population growth

Question 5

Mathematical models suggest that ____ will be favored by natural selection if organisms grow larger as they age.

Accepted Answer

A)    fecundity 
B)  iteroparity 
C)  delayed reproduction 
D)  early reproduction 
E)  semelparity 
A)    fecundity 
B)  iteroparity 
C)  delayed reproduction 
D)  early reproduction 
E)  semelparity

Question 6

-Answer the question using the accompanying figure. The letter "A" represents ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  rapid growth 
B)  negative growth 
C)  prereproductive populations 
D)  postreproductive populations 
E)  zero growth 
A)  rapid growth 
B)  negative growth 
C)  prereproductive populations 
D)  postreproductive populations 
E)  zero growth

Question 7

The lifetime patterns of growth, maturation, and reproduction determine the ____ of a species.

Accepted Answer

A)  survivorship curve 
B)  life history 
C)  specific mortality 
D)  age-specific fecundity 
E)  dispersion 
A)  survivorship curve 
B)  life history 
C)  specific mortality 
D)  age-specific fecundity 
E)  dispersion

Question 8

Life history patterns of guppies in Trinidad are a result of which natural selection force?

Accepted Answer

A)  Competition differences in different streams. 
B)  Predation differences in different streams. 
C)  Temperature differences in different streams. 
D)  Pollution differences in different streams. 
E)  Salt concentration differences in different streams. 
A)  Competition differences in different streams. 
B)  Predation differences in different streams. 
C)  Temperature differences in different streams. 
D)  Pollution differences in different streams. 
E)  Salt concentration differences in different streams.

Question 9

Which statement characterizes human population growth?

Accepted Answer

A)  The rate of human population growth appears to be declining. 
B)  The rate of human population growth appears to be increasing. 
C)  The rate of human population growth is exponential. 
D)  Human birth rates are higher than death rates. 
E)  Human death rates are higher than birth rates. 
A)  The rate of human population growth appears to be declining. 
B)  The rate of human population growth appears to be increasing. 
C)  The rate of human population growth is exponential. 
D)  Human birth rates are higher than death rates. 
E)  Human death rates are higher than birth rates.

Question 10

Crowding ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  has a positive effect on reproduction 
B)  decreases the growth rate of individuals 
C)  only occurs in plant species 
D)  causes immigration 
E)  stimulates developmental and behavioral changes 
A)  has a positive effect on reproduction 
B)  decreases the growth rate of individuals 
C)  only occurs in plant species 
D)  causes immigration 
E)  stimulates developmental and behavioral changes

Question 11

A cohort is a group of individuals of the same sex .

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

A stage 3 society, based on the demographic transition model, would not be characterized by ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  an r value>0 
B)  industrialization 
C)  a clumped population distribution 
D)  (K - N)/K approaching 1 
E)  an r value approaching 1 
A)  an r value>0 
B)  industrialization 
C)  a clumped population distribution 
D)  (K - N)/K approaching 1 
E)  an r value approaching 1

Question 13

The difference between the per capita birth rate and the per capita death rate is the ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  per capita growth rate 
B)  per capita population curve 
C)  intrinsic rate of increase 
D)  geometric population curve 
E)  exponential population curve 
A)  per capita growth rate 
B)  per capita population curve 
C)  intrinsic rate of increase 
D)  geometric population curve 
E)  exponential population curve

Question 14

Organisms use ____ for maintenance, growth, and reproduction.

Accepted Answer

A)  survivorship 
B)  predation 
C)  energy 
D)  parental care 
E)  dispersion 
A)  survivorship 
B)  predation 
C)  energy 
D)  parental care 
E)  dispersion

Question 15

The transformation of humans from hunter-gatherer societies to agriculturally based ones occurred approximately ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  14,000 years ago 
B)  11,000 years ago 
C)  7,000 years ago 
D)  1,500 years ago 
E)  200 years ago 
A)  14,000 years ago 
B)  11,000 years ago 
C)  7,000 years ago 
D)  1,500 years ago 
E)  200 years ago

Question 16

The density of a population is defined as the ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  number of individuals in a population at a specified time 
B)  number of individuals in a population at a specified place 
C)  number of individuals per unit area or per unit volume of habitat 
D)  size of the individual organisms per unit area 
E)  number of individual organisms per family unit 
A)  number of individuals in a population at a specified time 
B)  number of individuals in a population at a specified place 
C)  number of individuals per unit area or per unit volume of habitat 
D)  size of the individual organisms per unit area 
E)  number of individual organisms per family unit

Question 17

What is the relationship between age-specific mortality and age-specific survivorship?

Accepted Answer

A)  age-specific mortality is the proportion of individuals alive at the start of an age interval; age-specific survivorship is the proportion that die before the start of the next interval 
B)  age-specific survivorship is the proportion of individuals alive at the start of an age interval that die during the age interval; age-specific mortality is the proportion that survive until the start of the next interval 
C)  the sum of age-specific mortality and age-specific survivorship always equals 1 
D)  the sum of age-specific mortality and age-specific survivorship is always less than 1 
E)  age-specific survivorship is always greater than 1 
A)  age-specific mortality is the proportion of individuals alive at the start of an age interval; age-specific survivorship is the proportion that die before the start of the next interval 
B)  age-specific survivorship is the proportion of individuals alive at the start of an age interval that die during the age interval; age-specific mortality is the proportion that survive until the start of the next interval 
C)  the sum of age-specific mortality and age-specific survivorship always equals 1 
D)  the sum of age-specific mortality and age-specific survivorship is always less than 1 
E)  age-specific survivorship is always greater than 1

Question 18

Match between columns
                        Premises: long life span
early timing of first reproduction
low mortality rate
one reproductive episode
short maturation time

Accepted Answer

The Answer of K -selected and r -selected is...

Question 19

It took 3 million years for the human population to reach 1 billion, 123 years to grow to 2 billion, and 12 years to grow from 6 to 7 billion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

In the equation ΔN/Δt = B - D, expressing deaths and births as per capita rates allows ecologists to _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  apply the model to a population of any size 
B)  accurately measure births 
C)  accurately measure deaths 
D)  find the population growth rate 
E)  model geometric growth 
A)  apply the model to a population of any size 
B)  accurately measure births 
C)  accurately measure deaths 
D)  find the population growth rate 
E)  model geometric growth

Exam 52: Population Ecology

Lizards can control spider populations on Caribbean islands by which density-dependent mechanism(s)?

Recent studies have demonstrated evolution in some populations over a span of time as short as ____.

The increased mortality of coniferous trees in the Pacific Northwest between 1955 and 2007 is an example of a reaction to ____.

A time lag in the response of survivorship and fecundity to a population's density can occur because ____ is usually determined by the availability of resources at some time in the past.

Mathematical models suggest that ____ will be favored by natural selection if organisms grow larger as they age.

-Answer the question using the accompanying figure. The letter "A" represents ____.

The lifetime patterns of growth, maturation, and reproduction determine the ____ of a species.

Life history patterns of guppies in Trinidad are a result of which natural selection force?

Which statement characterizes human population growth?

Crowding ____.

A cohort is a group of individuals of the same sex .

A stage 3 society, based on the demographic transition model, would not be characterized by ____.

The difference between the per capita birth rate and the per capita death rate is the ____.

Organisms use ____ for maintenance, growth, and reproduction.

The transformation of humans from hunter-gatherer societies to agriculturally based ones occurred approximately ____.

The density of a population is defined as the ____.

What is the relationship between age-specific mortality and age-specific survivorship?

It took 3 million years for the human population to reach 1 billion, 123 years to grow to 2 billion, and 12 years to grow from 6 to 7 billion.

In the equation ΔN/Δt = B - D, expressing deaths and births as per capita rates allows ecologists to _____.

Introduction to Biological Concepts and Research

Life, Chemistry, and Water

Biological Molecules: the Carbon Compounds of Life

Cells

Membranes and Transport

Energy, Enzymes, and Biological Reactions

Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

Cell Division and Mitosis

Meiosis: the Cellular Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

Dna Structure, Replication, and Organization

Gene Expression: From Dna to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Bacterial and Viral Genetics

Dna Technology: Making and Using Genetically Altered Organisms, and Other Applications

Genomes and Proteomes

The Development of Evolutionary Thought

Microevolution: Genetic Changes Within Populations

Speciation

Paleobiology and Macroevolution

Systematic Biology: Phylogeny and Classification

The Origin of Life

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

Fungi

Animal Phylogeny, Acoelomates, and Protostomes

Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Information Flow and the Neuron

Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

Muscles, Bones, and Body Movements

The Circulatory System

Defenses Against Disease

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Digestive Systems and Animal Nutrition

Regulating the Internal Environment: Osmoregulation, Excretion, and Thermoregulation

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

Animal Behavior

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