Exam 31: Animal Phylogeny, Acoelomates, and Protostomes

Comparisons of genetic information from various invertebrate groups have ____.

In sponges, spicules are secreted by ____.

Like other members of their phylum, jellyfishes have specialized stinging cells called ____ as part of their epidermis, which they use to paralyze small prey.

Which phylum is a member of the Parazoa clade?

Groups of cells that share a common structure and function are considered ____.

Members of the ____ subphylum, including the centipedes and millipedes, have two body regions: a head with one pair of antennae and a segmented trunk with one or two pairs of legs per segment.

In most eumetazoans, the middle tissue layer during development is the ____.

Only 180 living species of velvet worms, characterized by jaws, an open circulatory system, and relatively large brains, comprise the ____ Ecdysozoan phylum.

Members of the ____ subphylum are mostly insects and were among the first animals to colonize terrestrial habitats.

Members of the ____ phylum have radial symmetry, nematocysts, and polyp and/or medusa body forms as adults.

The ____Lophotrochozoan phylum contains the most species, with about 100,000 living species described.

Paired excretory organs found in most body segments of segmented worms are called ____.

The protostomes include most invertebrate phyla.

In most eumetazoans, the nervous system is derived mainly from which embryonic cell layer?

Polyplacophora, Gastropoda, Bivalvia, and Cephalopoda are all lineages within the phylum ____.

Members of the ____ lineage, including octopuses, squids, and nautiluses, have a fused head-foot body with the "foot" modified into a set of arms and tentacles.

Many sponges are hermaphroditic, which means that ____.

How do the nervous systems of cnidarians and arthropods differ?

The members of the ____ subphylum have a three-part body plan: a head, thorax, and abdomen.