Question 1

The beautiful fall leaves get their orange and yellow colors from carotenoids.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

The C4cycle ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  replaces the second stage of the Calvin cycle 
B)  supplements the activity of rubisco by providing a second source of 3PGA for the reduction stage of the Calvin cycle 
C)  is more efficient than the Calvin cycle because less ATP is consumed in the process 
D)  ensures that CO2is provided to rubisco and thus prevents photorespiration 
E)  is most commonly associated with plants living in humid climates 
A)  replaces the second stage of the Calvin cycle 
B)  supplements the activity of rubisco by providing a second source of 3PGA for the reduction stage of the Calvin cycle 
C)  is more efficient than the Calvin cycle because less ATP is consumed in the process 
D)  ensures that CO2is provided to rubisco and thus prevents photorespiration 
E)  is most commonly associated with plants living in humid climates

Question 3

The synthesis of ATP coupled to the transfer of electrons energized by photons of light is called ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  photosynthesis 
B)  photophosphorylation 
C)  phosphorylative oxidation 
D)  photorespiration 
E)  oxidative phosphorylation 
A)  photosynthesis 
B)  photophosphorylation 
C)  phosphorylative oxidation 
D)  photorespiration 
E)  oxidative phosphorylation

Question 4

Which event probably made the evolution of cellular respiration possible?

Accepted Answer

A)  accumulation of carbon dioxide in atmosphere 
B)  emergence of prokaryotes 
C)  accumulation of oxygen in atmosphere 
D)  emergence of eukaryotes 
E)  emergence of plants 
A)  accumulation of carbon dioxide in atmosphere 
B)  emergence of prokaryotes 
C)  accumulation of oxygen in atmosphere 
D)  emergence of eukaryotes 
E)  emergence of plants

Question 5

Rubisco's enzymatic activity is stimulated by NADP+and ADP.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Why is Rubisco present in high concentrations in leaves?

Accepted Answer

A)  to compensate for its low rate of catalysis 
B)  because it has a high rate of catalysis 
C)  because it has eight large subunits 
D)  because it has eight small subunits 
E)  because it is not a regulatory site 
A)  to compensate for its low rate of catalysis 
B)  because it has a high rate of catalysis 
C)  because it has eight large subunits 
D)  because it has eight small subunits 
E)  because it is not a regulatory site

Question 7

Suppose you explored a new planet and found a photosynthetic organism unlike any on Earth. You repeat Engelmann's classic experiment using this new organism in place of Spirogyra and find that oxygen-dependent bacteria cluster near the green and yellow portions of the spectrum. What does this tell you?

Accepted Answer

A)  The sun of this new planet emits different wavelengths of light than our own. 
B)  This new organism is using yellow and green light to drive photosynthesis. 
C)  This organism appears green, just like plants on Earth. 
D)  This organism utilizes the most energy-rich photons of the spectrum. 
E)  This new organism is using blue and red light to drive photosynthesis. 
A)  The sun of this new planet emits different wavelengths of light than our own. 
B)  This new organism is using yellow and green light to drive photosynthesis. 
C)  This organism appears green, just like plants on Earth. 
D)  This organism utilizes the most energy-rich photons of the spectrum. 
E)  This new organism is using blue and red light to drive photosynthesis.

Question 8

Match between columns
                        Premises: where you would search for rubisco
thylakoid membrane
inner membrane
site of light-dependent reactions
membrane most important in generating a proton gradient for ATP synthesis
site of light-independent reactions
stroma
outer membrane
thylakoid lumen

Accepted Answer

The Answer of B and D and E and C is...

Question 9

Why isn't the oxygenase function of rubisco active under normal environmental conditions?

Accepted Answer

A)  The oxygenase activity of the enzyme requires more energy. 
B)  The affinity of the enzyme favors the binding of CO2. 
C)  The oxygenase activity of the enzyme is inhibited by O2. 
D)  The binding site of the enzyme is allosterically inhibited under normal conditions. 
E)  The oxygenase binding site has a higher affinity for ATP. 
A)  The oxygenase activity of the enzyme requires more energy. 
B)  The affinity of the enzyme favors the binding of CO2. 
C)  The oxygenase activity of the enzyme is inhibited by O2. 
D)  The binding site of the enzyme is allosterically inhibited under normal conditions. 
E)  The oxygenase binding site has a higher affinity for ATP.

Question 10

Rubisco has 16 subunits joined together to make a functional unit. Eight of the subunits are large, the other eight are small. What is the function of the small subunits?

Accepted Answer

A)  The small subunits contain the reactant binding sites. 
B)  They stabilize the overall enzyme's structure but have no intrinsic function. 
C)  The function of the small subunits is still unknown. 
D)  They regulate the enzyme's rate of catalysis. 
E)  The small subunits contain allosteric regulator binding sites. 
A)  The small subunits contain the reactant binding sites. 
B)  They stabilize the overall enzyme's structure but have no intrinsic function. 
C)  The function of the small subunits is still unknown. 
D)  They regulate the enzyme's rate of catalysis. 
E)  The small subunits contain allosteric regulator binding sites.

Question 11

Orchids, which grow well in regions that are hot and dry during the day and cool at night, are classified as CAM plants.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Cyclic electron flow generates ATP and O2, but not NADPH.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Fluorescence occurs when ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  a high-energy electron returns to its ground state by releasing energy in a photon 
B)  a low-energy electron moves to a high-energy state by absorbing heat 
C)  a high-energy electron leaves its nucleus and moves to a different molecule 
D)  a pigment molecule accepts a high-energy electron and releases a photon of energy 
E)  the energy from an electron is transferred to a different molecule while the electron returns to the ground state 
A)  a high-energy electron returns to its ground state by releasing energy in a photon 
B)  a low-energy electron moves to a high-energy state by absorbing heat 
C)  a high-energy electron leaves its nucleus and moves to a different molecule 
D)  a pigment molecule accepts a high-energy electron and releases a photon of energy 
E)  the energy from an electron is transferred to a different molecule while the electron returns to the ground state

Question 14

When does a C4plant use rubisco?

Accepted Answer

A)  daytime only 
B)  nighttime only 
C)  summer only 
D)  winter only 
E)  anytime the Calvin cycle is occurring 
A)  daytime only 
B)  nighttime only 
C)  summer only 
D)  winter only 
E)  anytime the Calvin cycle is occurring

Question 15

Why do the photosynthetic tissues of plants look green?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthetic tissue contains chlorophy

Question 16

In the C4pathway, which molecule is formed after the addition of CO2to PEP?

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphoenolpyruvate 
B)  malate 
C)  oxaloacetate 
D)  pyruvate 
E)  3PGA 
A)  phosphoenolpyruvate 
B)  malate 
C)  oxaloacetate 
D)  pyruvate 
E)  3PGA

Question 17

Which statement correctly summarizes the two phases of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  The light-dependent reactions occur in the cytosol; the light-independent reactions occur in the stroma. 
B)  The products of the light-dependent reactions are ATP, NADPH, and O2; the products of the light-independent reactions are ADP, NADP+, and sugar. 
C)  The light-dependent reactions occur only during the daylight hours; the light-independent reactions occur only when it is dark. 
D)  The light-dependent reactions produce water as a by-product; the light-independent reactions produce carbon dioxide as a waste product. 
E)  The products of the light-dependent reactions are ADP, NADP+, and O2; the products of the light-independent reactions are ATP, NADPH, and sugar. 
A)  The light-dependent reactions occur in the cytosol; the light-independent reactions occur in the stroma. 
B)  The products of the light-dependent reactions are ATP, NADPH, and O2; the products of the light-independent reactions are ADP, NADP+, and sugar. 
C)  The light-dependent reactions occur only during the daylight hours; the light-independent reactions occur only when it is dark. 
D)  The light-dependent reactions produce water as a by-product; the light-independent reactions produce carbon dioxide as a waste product. 
E)  The products of the light-dependent reactions are ADP, NADP+, and O2; the products of the light-independent reactions are ATP, NADPH, and sugar.

Question 18

What is the source of electrons for carbon fixation in plants?

Accepted Answer

A)  O2 
B)  CO2 
C)  H2O 
D)  H+ 
E)  C6H12O6 
A)  O2 
B)  CO2 
C)  H2O 
D)  H+ 
E)  C6H12O6

Question 19

What is the fate of electrons from NADPH during the Calvin cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are accepted by molecular oxygen, just like in cellular respiration. 
B)  They are used to regenerate RuBP from G3P 
C)  They are added to 3PGA. 
D)  They are transferred to rubisco. 
E)  They remain on NADPH to help drive the light reactions 
A)  They are accepted by molecular oxygen, just like in cellular respiration. 
B)  They are used to regenerate RuBP from G3P 
C)  They are added to 3PGA. 
D)  They are transferred to rubisco. 
E)  They remain on NADPH to help drive the light reactions

Question 20

I'm a botanist looking for new species of C4plants. Where should I focus my search?

Accepted Answer

A)  Maine 
B)  Quebec, Canada 
C)  equatorial rainforest 
D)  The Everglades (in Florida) 
E)  Arizona 
A)  Maine 
B)  Quebec, Canada 
C)  equatorial rainforest 
D)  The Everglades (in Florida) 
E)  Arizona

Exam 8: Photosynthesis

The beautiful fall leaves get their orange and yellow colors from carotenoids.

The C4cycle ____.

The synthesis of ATP coupled to the transfer of electrons energized by photons of light is called ____.

Which event probably made the evolution of cellular respiration possible?

Rubisco's enzymatic activity is stimulated by NADP+and ADP.

Why is Rubisco present in high concentrations in leaves?

Why isn't the oxygenase function of rubisco active under normal environmental conditions?

Rubisco has 16 subunits joined together to make a functional unit. Eight of the subunits are large, the other eight are small. What is the function of the small subunits?

Orchids, which grow well in regions that are hot and dry during the day and cool at night, are classified as CAM plants.

Cyclic electron flow generates ATP and O2, but not NADPH.

Fluorescence occurs when ____.

When does a C4plant use rubisco?

Why do the photosynthetic tissues of plants look green?

In the C4pathway, which molecule is formed after the addition of CO2to PEP?

Which statement correctly summarizes the two phases of photosynthesis?

What is the source of electrons for carbon fixation in plants?

What is the fate of electrons from NADPH during the Calvin cycle?

I'm a botanist looking for new species of C4plants. Where should I focus my search?

Introduction to Biological Concepts and Research

Life, Chemistry, and Water

Biological Molecules: the Carbon Compounds of Life

Cells

Membranes and Transport

Energy, Enzymes, and Biological Reactions

Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Cell Communication

Cell Division and Mitosis

Meiosis: the Cellular Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

Dna Structure, Replication, and Organization

Gene Expression: From Dna to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Bacterial and Viral Genetics

Dna Technology: Making and Using Genetically Altered Organisms, and Other Applications

Genomes and Proteomes

The Development of Evolutionary Thought

Microevolution: Genetic Changes Within Populations

Speciation

Paleobiology and Macroevolution

Systematic Biology: Phylogeny and Classification

The Origin of Life

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

Fungi

Animal Phylogeny, Acoelomates, and Protostomes

Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Information Flow and the Neuron

Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

Muscles, Bones, and Body Movements

The Circulatory System

Defenses Against Disease

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Digestive Systems and Animal Nutrition

Regulating the Internal Environment: Osmoregulation, Excretion, and Thermoregulation

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

Animal Behavior

Filters

The C₄cycle ____.

Rubisco's enzymatic activity is stimulated by NADP⁺and ADP.

Cyclic electron flow generates ATP and O₂, but not NADPH.

When does a C₄plant use rubisco?

In the C₄pathway, which molecule is formed after the addition of CO₂to PEP?

I'm a botanist looking for new species of C₄plants. Where should I focus my search?