Exam 5: Membranes and Transport

Which process moves materials against a concentration gradient?

Particular mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance (CFTR) gene result in a CFTR molecule that transports sodium ions poorly or not at all.

Facilitated diffusion is specific, which indicates that ____.

Which molecules coat the inside of the cytosolic membrane to help form endocytic vesicles?

Where do exocytic secretory vesicles originate?

The force that pushes plant cell membranes tightly against the cell wall and helps support softer tissues against the force of gravity is known as ____ pressure.

In an aqueous environment, the phospholipids of a membrane ____.

The pressure that must be applied to a solution to prevent water movement across a membrane is known as ____ pressure.

Humans with mutations in the AQP1 (aquaporin-1) gene do not produce the AQP1 protein. The absence of AQP1 causes an inability to ____ in these individuals.

When a plant cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, the cell wall prevents ____.

Which ion is actively transported to regulate pollen growth and fertilization?

Unlike active transport, facilitated diffusion does not become saturated at high concentrations.

Which protein group links cells together by recognizing and binding receptors or chemical groups on other cells or the extracellular matrix?

Movement of a substance from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration using energy obtained from ATP is called ____.

Membrane sterols, such as cholesterol, function in animal cell membranes to ____.

Our current view of membrane structure is based on the fluid mosaic model, proposed by ____ in 1972.

A channel that opens in response to changes in ionic charge across a membrane is called a(n) ____ channel.

Mutations in different types of aquaporin proteins lead to a variety of clinical manifestations, such as diabetes insipidus, epileptic seizures, and cataracts. What best explains the differences in the conditions caused by these mutations?

A scientist fused a mouse cell and a human cell, then treated the cell with specific antibodies covalently linked to colored fluorescent dyes (antibodies to mouse proteins were labeled green; antibodies to human proteins were labeled red). Forty minutes later, what will the researcher observe?

Cystic fibrosis primarily affects which organ?