Exam 7: Atoms and Spectra

Using Wien's law, you can measure the ____ of a distant object without having to travel to it.

An object moving away from the observer will exhibit a(n) _______________ shift due to the Doppler effect.

The wavelength of maximum intensity is useful in measuring the ____.

Law enforcement officers use radar guns based on the Doppler effect to measure the speed of automobiles. Explain why the details of the Doppler effect make it desirable for the officers to park near the road in a place without curves.

Explain how the structure of the atom creates binding energy, and what limits there are on the amount of binding energy an electron can have.

What process in an isolated atom will make it absorb a photon?

The photons coming from blackbody radiation create a(n) ____ spectrum.

The _______________ temperature scale is used in astronomy because it is based on absolute zero.

The number of protons in the nucleus determines which element it is.

The amount of energy needed to move an electron from a lower energy level to a higher energy level is the ____.

The position of an absorption or emission line is useful in determining the ____.

The Stefan-Boltzmann law relates the ____.

The lowest permitted energy level of an atom is called the neutral state.

The star Betelgeuse appears red; the star Rigel appears blue. What accounts for this difference?

The arrangement of permitted orbits is ____.

A(n) _______________ spectrum is produced by a hot, excited gas.

Atoms that have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons are called ____.

Atoms are mostly empty space.

Electromagnetic waves are generated whenever the ____.

The Kelvin temperature scale is based on the freezing point of water.