Question 1

Changing the direction of a moving body does not impact its velocity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

The radius of Earth is 6,378 km. The force of gravity on a 1 kg ball at Earth's surface is 9.8 kg m/s2.  What is the force of gravity on this same ball when the ball is located 12,756 km from Earth's center? Hint: G = 6.67  10-11 m3/s2/kg

Accepted Answer

A)  2.45 kg m/s2 
B)  4.9 kg m/s2 
C)  9.8 kg m/s2 
D)  19.6 kg m/s2 
E)  39.2 kg m/s2 
A)  2.45 kg m/s2 
B)  4.9 kg m/s2 
C)  9.8 kg m/s2 
D)  19.6 kg m/s2 
E)  39.2 kg m/s2

Question 3

According to the inverse square law, the force due to gravity between two masses will ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  increase as the distance between the two masses increases 
B)  decrease as the square of the distance between the two masses increases 
C)  cause the two masses to move away from each other 
D)  cause the two masses to move in a straight line 
E)  cause the two masses to orbit each other 
A)  increase as the distance between the two masses increases 
B)  decrease as the square of the distance between the two masses increases 
C)  cause the two masses to move away from each other 
D)  cause the two masses to move in a straight line 
E)  cause the two masses to orbit each other

Question 4

How did Newton clarify prior laws of planetary motion?

Accepted Answer

Newton's understanding of gravity allowe

Question 5

A comet near the Sun whose orbit is ____ would never be near the Sun again.

Accepted Answer

A)  apogee 
B)  circular 
C)  elliptical 
D)  hyperbolic 
E)  radial 
A)  apogee 
B)  circular 
C)  elliptical 
D)  hyperbolic 
E)  radial

Question 6

Two objects in orbit around each other orbit their common center of mass.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Newton's third law states that forces occur in pairs acting in the same direction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The second postulate of special relativity states that the speed of light, when measured in a vacuum, is constant for all observers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The apogee of a(n) ____ orbit does not exist.

Accepted Answer

A)  closed 
B)  elliptical 
C)  geosynchronous 
D)  hyperbolic 
E)  parabolic 
A)  closed 
B)  elliptical 
C)  geosynchronous 
D)  hyperbolic 
E)  parabolic

Question 10

Newtonian physics tells us that Kepler's second law is a result of the conservation of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  angular momentum 
B)  linear acceleration 
C)  energy 
D)  mass 
E)  velocity 
A)  angular momentum 
B)  linear acceleration 
C)  energy 
D)  mass 
E)  velocity

Question 11

Newton's first law of motion is essentially a restatement of Galileo's law of inertia.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

When two objects of unequal mass orbit each other, the center of mass is ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  at the center of the more massive object 
B)  at the center of the least massive object 
C)  half way between the centers of each object 
D)  always closer to the less massive of the two objects 
E)  always closer to the more massive of the two objects 
A)  at the center of the more massive object 
B)  at the center of the least massive object 
C)  half way between the centers of each object 
D)  always closer to the less massive of the two objects 
E)  always closer to the more massive of the two objects

Question 13

Newton's second law of motion is represented by ____.

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)

Question 14

Newtonian gravity is often called universal mutual gravitation because every particle with mass in the Universe must attract every other particle.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The ______________ of the Moon's orbit is the location at which it is farthest from Earth.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ______________ of the Moon's orbit is...

Question 16

The _______________ states that an observer cannot distinguish locally the difference between inertial forces due to acceleration and uniform gravitational forces due to the presence of a massive object.

Accepted Answer

equivalenc

Question 17

Einstein revolutionized modern physics by ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  documenting the existence of gravity through experiments on objects in motion 
B)  proving that Galileo and Newton were fundamentally incorrect about gravity 
C)  explaining how specific gravity impacts the geometry of curved space-time 
D)  providing an explanation of gravity based on the geometry of curved space-time 
E)  defining the difference between violent motion and natural motion 
A)  documenting the existence of gravity through experiments on objects in motion 
B)  proving that Galileo and Newton were fundamentally incorrect about gravity 
C)  explaining how specific gravity impacts the geometry of curved space-time 
D)  providing an explanation of gravity based on the geometry of curved space-time 
E)  defining the difference between violent motion and natural motion

Question 18

If an object's velocity equals or exceeds the escape velocity, it will follow a closed parabolic or hyperbolic orbit.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

According to the theory of general relativity, gravity is caused by the ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  linear motion of stars 
B)  change in mass of a moving body 
C)  curvature of space-time 
D)  constant speed of light 
E)  inertia of a moving body 
A)  linear motion of stars 
B)  change in mass of a moving body 
C)  curvature of space-time 
D)  constant speed of light 
E)  inertia of a moving body

Question 20

The resistance of matter to changes in motion is known as _______________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The resistance of matter to changes in...

Exam 5: Gravity

Changing the direction of a moving body does not impact its velocity.

The radius of Earth is 6,378 km. The force of gravity on a 1 kg ball at Earth's surface is 9.8 kg m/s2. What is the force of gravity on this same ball when the ball is located 12,756 km from Earth's center? Hint: G = 6.67 10-11 m3/s2/kg

According to the inverse square law, the force due to gravity between two masses will ____.

How did Newton clarify prior laws of planetary motion?

A comet near the Sun whose orbit is ____ would never be near the Sun again.

Two objects in orbit around each other orbit their common center of mass.

Newton's third law states that forces occur in pairs acting in the same direction.

The second postulate of special relativity states that the speed of light, when measured in a vacuum, is constant for all observers.

The apogee of a(n) ____ orbit does not exist.

Newtonian physics tells us that Kepler's second law is a result of the conservation of ____.

Newton's first law of motion is essentially a restatement of Galileo's law of inertia.

When two objects of unequal mass orbit each other, the center of mass is ____.

Newton's second law of motion is represented by ____.

Newtonian gravity is often called universal mutual gravitation because every particle with mass in the Universe must attract every other particle.

The ______________ of the Moon's orbit is the location at which it is farthest from Earth.

The _______________ states that an observer cannot distinguish locally the difference between inertial forces due to acceleration and uniform gravitational forces due to the presence of a massive object.

Einstein revolutionized modern physics by ____.

If an object's velocity equals or exceeds the escape velocity, it will follow a closed parabolic or hyperbolic orbit.

According to the theory of general relativity, gravity is caused by the ____.

The resistance of matter to changes in motion is known as _______________.

Here and Now

A Users Guide to the Sky

Moon Phases and Eclipses

Origins of Modern Astronomy

Light and Telescopes

Atoms and Spectra

The Sun

The Family of Stars

The Interstellar Medium

Formation and Structure of Stars

Stellar Evolution

Deaths of Stars

Neutron Stars and Black Holes

The Milky Way Galaxy

Galaxies

Supermassive Black Holes and Active Galaxies

Modern Cosmology

Origin of the Solar System and Extrasolar Planets

Earth the Active Planet

The Moon and Mercury

Venus and Mars

Jupiter and Saturn

Uranus Neptune Pluto and the Kuiper Belt

Meteorites Asteroids and Comets

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The radius of Earth is 6,378 km. The force of gravity on a 1 kg ball at Earth's surface is 9.8 kg m/s². What is the force of gravity on this same ball when the ball is located 12,756 km from Earth's center? Hint: G = 6.67 10^-11 m³/s²/kg