Question 1

How did the popularization of science, the impact of travel literature, and the legacy of Locke and Newton influence the Enlightenment?

Accepted Answer

The popularization of science during the

Question 2

The Plurality of Worlds used a dialogue between an aristocratic lady and her lover to explain

Accepted Answer

A) the mechanistic universe. 
B) religious toleration. 
C) the power of reason. 
D) absolute monarchy. 
E) human nature. 
A) the mechanistic universe. 
B) religious toleration. 
C) the power of reason. 
D) absolute monarchy. 
E) human nature.

Question 3

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance. 
philosophes

Accepted Answer

The term "philosophes" refers to a group

Question 4

George Frederick Handel spent most his adult life in

Accepted Answer

A) Germany. 
B) Italy. 
C) England. 
D) France. 
E) Spain. 
A) Germany. 
B) Italy. 
C) England. 
D) France. 
E) Spain.

Question 5

What best describes the Rococo artistic style of the eighteenth century?

Accepted Answer

A) It was confined to France. 
B) It was best expressed in the architectural works of Baron d'Holbach. 
C) It was most evident in the masterpieces of Balthasar Neumann. 
D) It was characterized by strict geometric patterns and an emphasis on power. 
E) It was more severe and mathematical than the Baroque. 
A) It was confined to France. 
B) It was best expressed in the architectural works of Baron d'Holbach. 
C) It was most evident in the masterpieces of Balthasar Neumann. 
D) It was characterized by strict geometric patterns and an emphasis on power. 
E) It was more severe and mathematical than the Baroque.

Question 6

More than 90 percent of Europe's Catholic population went to Mass on Easter Sunday.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance. 
economic liberalism

Accepted Answer

Economic liberalism is a political and e

Question 8

In her A Vindication of the Rights of Woman , Mary Wollstonecraft argued that the Enlightenment was based on the ideal that reason is innate in all human beings, including women.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Most French salons were run by

Accepted Answer

A) women. 
B) members of the clergy. 
C) older men. 
D) government officials. 
E) merchants. 
A) women. 
B) members of the clergy. 
C) older men. 
D) government officials. 
E) merchants.

Question 10

What best describes the European legal system by the end of the eighteenth century?

Accepted Answer

A) There was a movement away from imprisonment and toward capital punishment. 
B) Corporal and capital punishment were on the decline. 
C) Criminal punishments became crueler as violent crimes increased. 
D) The death penalty was abolished in western Europe. 
E) Virtually all crimes were punished with a fine. 
A) There was a movement away from imprisonment and toward capital punishment. 
B) Corporal and capital punishment were on the decline. 
C) Criminal punishments became crueler as violent crimes increased. 
D) The death penalty was abolished in western Europe. 
E) Virtually all crimes were punished with a fine.

Question 11

According to Montesquieu, there were three basic types of governments: republican, monarchical, and

Accepted Answer

A) imperial. 
B) socialist. 
C) despotic. 
D) democratic. 
E) oligarchical. 
A) imperial. 
B) socialist. 
C) despotic. 
D) democratic. 
E) oligarchical.

Question 12

What were the chief characteristics of popular religion in the eighteenth century?

Accepted Answer

The chief characteristics of popular rel

Question 13

Which French Rococo painter portrayed the aristocratic life as refined, sensual, and civilized?

Accepted Answer

A) Antoine Watteau 
B) Balthasar Neumann 
C) Madam Geoffrin 
D) Rembrandt 
E) Caspar David Friedrich 
A) Antoine Watteau 
B) Balthasar Neumann 
C) Madam Geoffrin 
D) Rembrandt 
E) Caspar David Friedrich

Question 14

Who said that individuals "will be forced to be free"?

Accepted Answer

A) Baron Paul d'Holbach 
B) Jean-Jacques Rousseau 
C) Denis Diderot 
D) Francois Quesnay 
E) Voltaire 
A) Baron Paul d'Holbach 
B) Jean-Jacques Rousseau 
C) Denis Diderot 
D) Francois Quesnay 
E) Voltaire

Question 15

The French philosophes mostly included people from

Accepted Answer

A) the nobility and the middle class. 
B) the lower class and the lower middle class. 
C) aristocracy and nobility. 
D) urban artisans and craftsmen. 
E) the universities. 
A) the nobility and the middle class. 
B) the lower class and the lower middle class. 
C) aristocracy and nobility. 
D) urban artisans and craftsmen. 
E) the universities.

Question 16

What was the "general will" according to Rousseau?

Accepted Answer

A) A meaningless abstraction and impediment to reason 
B) A result derived from the law of supply and demand 
C) A license to do as one pleased 
D) A social consensus to which the individual must bow 
E) A relationship that was identical to Locke's social contract 
A) A meaningless abstraction and impediment to reason 
B) A result derived from the law of supply and demand 
C) A license to do as one pleased 
D) A social consensus to which the individual must bow 
E) A relationship that was identical to Locke's social contract

Question 17

Compare and contrast the contributions of the French philosophes and Britain's Enlightenment figures. How do they differ, if they do, and why?

Accepted Answer

The French philosophes and Britain's Enl

Question 18

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance. 
Montesquieu

Accepted Answer

Montesquieu was a French philosopher and

Question 19

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance. 
Immanuel Kant

Accepted Answer

Immanuel Kant was an influential German

Question 20

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance. 
John Locke's tabula rasa

Accepted Answer

John Locke's tabula rasa refers to the c

Exam 17: The Eighteenth Century: an Age of Enlightenment

How did the popularization of science, the impact of travel literature, and the legacy of Locke and Newton influence the Enlightenment?

The Plurality of Worlds used a dialogue between an aristocratic lady and her lover to explain

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance. philosophes

George Frederick Handel spent most his adult life in

What best describes the Rococo artistic style of the eighteenth century?

More than 90 percent of Europe's Catholic population went to Mass on Easter Sunday.

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance. economic liberalism

In her A Vindication of the Rights of Woman , Mary Wollstonecraft argued that the Enlightenment was based on the ideal that reason is innate in all human beings, including women.

Most French salons were run by

What best describes the European legal system by the end of the eighteenth century?

According to Montesquieu, there were three basic types of governments: republican, monarchical, and

What were the chief characteristics of popular religion in the eighteenth century?

Which French Rococo painter portrayed the aristocratic life as refined, sensual, and civilized?

Who said that individuals "will be forced to be free"?

The French philosophes mostly included people from

What was the "general will" according to Rousseau?

Compare and contrast the contributions of the French philosophes and Britain's Enlightenment figures. How do they differ, if they do, and why?

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance. Montesquieu

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance. Immanuel Kant

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance. John Locke's tabula rasa

The Ancient Near East: The First Civilizations

The Ancient Near East: Peoples and Empires

The Civilization of the Greeks

The Hellenistic World

The Roman Republic

The Roman Empire

Late Antiquity and the Emergence of the Medieval World

European Civilization in the Early Middle Ages, 750-1000

The Recovery and Growth of European Society in the High Middle Ages

The Rise of Kingdoms and the Growth of Church Power

The Later Middle Ages: Crisis and Disintegration in the Fourteenth Century

Recovery and Rebirth: the Age of the Renaissance

Reformation and Religious Warfare in the Sixteenth Century

Europe and the World: New Encounters, 1500-1800

State Building and the Search for Order in the Seventeenth Century

Toward a New Heaven and a New Earth: the Scientific Revolution and the Emergence of Modern Science

The Eighteenth Century: European States, International Wars, and Social Change

A Revolution in Politics: the Era of the French Revolution and Napoleon

The Industrial Revolution and Its Impact on European Society

Reaction, Revolution, and Romanticism, 1815-1850

An Age of Nationalism and Realism, 1850-1871

Mass Society in an Age of Progress, 1871-1894

An Age of Modernity, Anxiety, and Imperialism, 1894-1914

The Beginning of the Twentieth-Century Crisis: War and Revolution

The Futile Search for Stability: Europe Between the Wars, 1919-1939

The Deepening of the European Crisis: World War II

Cold War and a New Western World, 1945-1965

Protest and Stagnation: The Western World, 1965-1985

After the Fall: The Western World in a Global Age Since 1985

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