Question 1

Which revolt demonstrated the double-edged sword quality of the "principle of intervention"?

Accepted Answer

A) The Greek Revolt 
B) Independence movements in Latin America 
C) The July Revolution of 1830 in France 
D) The Corn Law revolt of 1815 
E) The revolt against Nicholas' police state 
A) The Greek Revolt 
B) Independence movements in Latin America 
C) The July Revolution of 1830 in France 
D) The Corn Law revolt of 1815 
E) The revolt against Nicholas' police state A

Question 2

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance. 
Concert of Europe

Accepted Answer

The Concert of Europe, also known as the Congress System or the Vienna System, refers to the balance of power that was established in Europe after the defeat of Napoleon Bonaparte in 1815. It was a mechanism for resolving international disputes through regular conferences and diplomatic consultations among the major powers of Europe, rather than through warfare. The term "concert" in this context suggests a collective effort or agreement among nations.

The Concert of Europe was established by the Quadruple Alliance, which included the United Kingdom, Austria, Prussia, and Russia, during the Congress of Vienna. France joined the alliance after the restoration of the Bourbon monarchy. The main objective of the Concert was to maintain the status quo and uphold the territorial and political arrangements agreed upon at the Vienna Congress. It sought to prevent the rise of any single dominant power that could threaten the stability of Europe, as had happened with Napoleonic France.

The historical significance of the Concert of Europe lies in its role in maintaining relative peace and stability in Europe for nearly a century, from 1815 until the outbreak of World War I in 1914. It represented a significant shift from the previous era of frequent and large-scale wars to a period where diplomacy and multilateral cooperation became the primary means of resolving international conflicts. The Concert of Europe is often cited as one of the earliest examples of collective security and international governance, setting a precedent for later international organizations such as the League of Nations and the United Nations.

Question 3

Metternich's "principle of legitimacy" refers to

Accepted Answer

A) freedom of religion. 
B) the adoption of laissez-faire economics. 
C) the sanctity of marriage. 
D) proper justification for revolution. 
E) the restoration of legitimate monarchs who would preserve traditional institutions. 
A) freedom of religion. 
B) the adoption of laissez-faire economics. 
C) the sanctity of marriage. 
D) proper justification for revolution. 
E) the restoration of legitimate monarchs who would preserve traditional institutions. E

Question 4

What were the chief ideas of nationalism and utopian socialism? How did they seek to change society?

Accepted Answer

Nationalism and utopian socialism were t

Question 5

Most classical conservatives believed that

Accepted Answer

A) the French Revolution was a good thing. 
B) militarism was the source of all evil. 
C) nationalism was a force for good. 
D) people should be obedient to political authority. 
E) organized religion was unimportant. 
A) the French Revolution was a good thing. 
B) militarism was the source of all evil. 
C) nationalism was a force for good. 
D) people should be obedient to political authority. 
E) organized religion was unimportant.

Question 6

Why was King Louis-Philippe of France called the "bourgeois monarch"?

Accepted Answer

A) He did all he could to help the impoverished industrial workers. 
B) He was strongly supported by the upper-middle class and instituted constitutional changes that favored them. 
C) He allowed for great reforms in the electoral system. 
D) He was the son of the former reactionary King Charles X. 
E) He did not recognize the value of the upper-middle class base. 
A) He did all he could to help the impoverished industrial workers. 
B) He was strongly supported by the upper-middle class and instituted constitutional changes that favored them. 
C) He allowed for great reforms in the electoral system. 
D) He was the son of the former reactionary King Charles X. 
E) He did not recognize the value of the upper-middle class base.

Question 7

The English Poor Law of 1834 was based on the theory that

Accepted Answer

A) the poor were entitled to decent levels of support. 
B) the rich had a moral obligation to support the poor. 
C) if the conditions of provision for state welfare were intentionally made miserable, then the poor would be encouraged to find profitable employment. 
D) levels of state support for social welfare programs should be indexed to the cost of living. 
E) indoor relief was better than outdoor relief. 
A) the poor were entitled to decent levels of support. 
B) the rich had a moral obligation to support the poor. 
C) if the conditions of provision for state welfare were intentionally made miserable, then the poor would be encouraged to find profitable employment. 
D) levels of state support for social welfare programs should be indexed to the cost of living. 
E) indoor relief was better than outdoor relief.

Question 8

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance. 
pantheism

Accepted Answer

Pantheism is a religious belief or philo

Question 9

During its period of dominance in the first quarter of the nineteenth century, Britain's Tory government

Accepted Answer

A) embarked on a massive program of electoral reform. 
B) passed the Corn Law of 1815, which drastically reduced tariffs on foreign grain. 
C) allowed for large public meetings and the dissemination of pamphlets among the poor as a sign of good will. 
D) enacted policies that sparked mass protests, including the Peterloo Massacre of 1819. 
E) dramatically improved the conditions of the working classes by guaranteeing cheap bread. 
A) embarked on a massive program of electoral reform. 
B) passed the Corn Law of 1815, which drastically reduced tariffs on foreign grain. 
C) allowed for large public meetings and the dissemination of pamphlets among the poor as a sign of good will. 
D) enacted policies that sparked mass protests, including the Peterloo Massacre of 1819. 
E) dramatically improved the conditions of the working classes by guaranteeing cheap bread.

Question 10

Which of these groups supported the political philosophy of conservatism?

Accepted Answer

A) The urban middle classes 
B) Landless farmers 
C) The urban poor 
D) Radical Protestants 
E) Hereditary monarchies 
A) The urban middle classes 
B) Landless farmers 
C) The urban poor 
D) Radical Protestants 
E) Hereditary monarchies

Question 11

A severe industrial and agricultural depression helped spark revolution in ______________ in 1848.

Accepted Answer

A) France 
B) Great Britain 
C) Italy 
D) Poland 
E) Belgium 
A) France 
B) Great Britain 
C) Italy 
D) Poland 
E) Belgium

Question 12

Which European state dominated the Latin American economy even after many countries gained their independence?

Accepted Answer

A) Spain 
B) Portugal 
C) France 
D) Germany 
E) Great Britain 
A) Spain 
B) Portugal 
C) France 
D) Germany 
E) Great Britain

Question 13

What happened to Russian society after Nicholas I came to power following the death of Alexander I in 1825?

Accepted Answer

A) It became the most liberal of the European powers. 
B) It rapidly industrialized. 
C) It became an industrial power after the abolition of serfdom. 
D) It was increasingly influenced by ultra-conservative societies, such as the Northern Union. 
E) It became a police state, as the czar feared both internal and external revolutionary upheavals. 
A) It became the most liberal of the European powers. 
B) It rapidly industrialized. 
C) It became an industrial power after the abolition of serfdom. 
D) It was increasingly influenced by ultra-conservative societies, such as the Northern Union. 
E) It became a police state, as the czar feared both internal and external revolutionary upheavals.

Question 14

What was the Concert of Europe?

Accepted Answer

A) An economic alliance between European powers 
B) An organization to develop music within the European states 
C) An alliance to ensure the status quo achieved with the Congress of Vienna 
D) An attempt to dissolve France into numerous provinces 
E) An organizational body seeking to limit popular access to political ideas 
A) An economic alliance between European powers 
B) An organization to develop music within the European states 
C) An alliance to ensure the status quo achieved with the Congress of Vienna 
D) An attempt to dissolve France into numerous provinces 
E) An organizational body seeking to limit popular access to political ideas

Question 15

What ideas and beliefs united the early socialists?

Accepted Answer

Early socialists, emerging during the la

Question 16

What were some of the means that governments attempted to maintain order in the nineteenth century? Which were most successful, and why?

Accepted Answer

In the nineteenth century, governments a

Question 17

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's The Sorrows of Young Werther served as an important model for Romantic writers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

At its most elementary Burkean level, conservatism

Accepted Answer

A) sought to preserve the achievements of previous generations by subordinating individual rights to communal welfare. 
B) became the most popular political philosophy in Russia. 
C) sought above all else the achievement of individual rights. 
D) was never popular among the political elite of Europe. 
E) championed individual rights and laissez-faire government. 
A) sought to preserve the achievements of previous generations by subordinating individual rights to communal welfare. 
B) became the most popular political philosophy in Russia. 
C) sought above all else the achievement of individual rights. 
D) was never popular among the political elite of Europe. 
E) championed individual rights and laissez-faire government.

Question 19

What was the primary driving force in the revolutions of Belgium, Poland, and Italy in 1830?

Accepted Answer

A) Nationalism 
B) Religion 
C) Racism 
D) Socialism 
E) Romanticism 
A) Nationalism 
B) Religion 
C) Racism 
D) Socialism 
E) Romanticism

Question 20

In what specific ways did Europe respond to the need for order in society in the first half of the nineteenth century?

Accepted Answer

In the first half of the nineteenth cent

Exam 21: Reaction, Revolution, and Romanticism, 1815-1850

Which revolt demonstrated the double-edged sword quality of the "principle of intervention"?

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance. Concert of Europe

Metternich's "principle of legitimacy" refers to

What were the chief ideas of nationalism and utopian socialism? How did they seek to change society?

Most classical conservatives believed that

Why was King Louis-Philippe of France called the "bourgeois monarch"?

The English Poor Law of 1834 was based on the theory that

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance. pantheism

During its period of dominance in the first quarter of the nineteenth century, Britain's Tory government

Which of these groups supported the political philosophy of conservatism?

A severe industrial and agricultural depression helped spark revolution in ______________ in 1848.

Which European state dominated the Latin American economy even after many countries gained their independence?

What happened to Russian society after Nicholas I came to power following the death of Alexander I in 1825?

What was the Concert of Europe?

What ideas and beliefs united the early socialists?

What were some of the means that governments attempted to maintain order in the nineteenth century? Which were most successful, and why?

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's The Sorrows of Young Werther served as an important model for Romantic writers.

At its most elementary Burkean level, conservatism

What was the primary driving force in the revolutions of Belgium, Poland, and Italy in 1830?

In what specific ways did Europe respond to the need for order in society in the first half of the nineteenth century?

The Ancient Near East: The First Civilizations

The Ancient Near East: Peoples and Empires

The Civilization of the Greeks

The Hellenistic World

The Roman Republic

The Roman Empire

Late Antiquity and the Emergence of the Medieval World

European Civilization in the Early Middle Ages, 750-1000

The Recovery and Growth of European Society in the High Middle Ages

The Rise of Kingdoms and the Growth of Church Power

The Later Middle Ages: Crisis and Disintegration in the Fourteenth Century

Recovery and Rebirth: the Age of the Renaissance

Reformation and Religious Warfare in the Sixteenth Century

Europe and the World: New Encounters, 1500-1800

State Building and the Search for Order in the Seventeenth Century

Toward a New Heaven and a New Earth: the Scientific Revolution and the Emergence of Modern Science

The Eighteenth Century: an Age of Enlightenment

The Eighteenth Century: European States, International Wars, and Social Change

A Revolution in Politics: the Era of the French Revolution and Napoleon

The Industrial Revolution and Its Impact on European Society

An Age of Nationalism and Realism, 1850-1871

Mass Society in an Age of Progress, 1871-1894

An Age of Modernity, Anxiety, and Imperialism, 1894-1914

The Beginning of the Twentieth-Century Crisis: War and Revolution

The Futile Search for Stability: Europe Between the Wars, 1919-1939

The Deepening of the European Crisis: World War II

Cold War and a New Western World, 1945-1965

Protest and Stagnation: The Western World, 1965-1985

After the Fall: The Western World in a Global Age Since 1985

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