Question 1

What effect,if any,does negative pressure ventilation have on renal function?

Accepted Answer

A)  It increases urinary output 
B)  It decreases urinary output 
C)  It enhances renal calculi formation 
D)  It increases the incidence of renal bacterial infections 
A)  It increases urinary output 
B)  It decreases urinary output 
C)  It enhances renal calculi formation 
D)  It increases the incidence of renal bacterial infections

Question 2

How are elevated levels of calcium,magnesium or phosphate ions regulated by the kidneys?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased levels result in decreased reabsorption and elimination into the urine 
B)  increased levels result in increased reabsoption and stimulation of ADH 
C)  increased levels result in increased reabsoption and stimulation of aldosterone 
D)  increased levels result in decreased reabsorption and stimulation of the respiratory centers in the medulla 
A)  increased levels result in decreased reabsorption and elimination into the urine 
B)  increased levels result in increased reabsoption and stimulation of ADH 
C)  increased levels result in increased reabsoption and stimulation of aldosterone 
D)  increased levels result in decreased reabsorption and stimulation of the respiratory centers in the medulla

Question 3

Which of the following are classified as renal conditions?
I.Acute pyelonephritis
II.Ureteral obstruction
III.Hypovolemia
IV.Renal ischemia

Accepted Answer

A)  I and IV only 
B)  II only 
C)  IV only 
D)  III and IV only 
A)  I and IV only 
B)  II only 
C)  IV only 
D)  III and IV only

Question 4

Which ions account for over 90% of the positively charged ions in extracellular fluid?

Accepted Answer

A)  Na+ 
B)  K+ 
C)  Ca+ 
D)  Mg+ 
A)  Na+ 
B)  K+ 
C)  Ca+ 
D)  Mg+

Question 5

How would left ventricular failure affect renal perfusion and urine output?

Accepted Answer

A)  Renal perfusion and urine output would decrease 
B)  Renal perfusion and urine output would increase 
C)  Renal perfusion would decrease and urine output would increase 
D)  Renal perfusion would decrease but urine output would not be affected 
A)  Renal perfusion and urine output would decrease 
B)  Renal perfusion and urine output would increase 
C)  Renal perfusion would decrease and urine output would increase 
D)  Renal perfusion would decrease but urine output would not be affected

Question 6

Which of the following are predisposing factors to urinary flow obstruction?
I.Calculi
II.Pregnancy
III.Infection and inflammation
IV.Prostatic hypertrophy

Accepted Answer

A)  I, II, III, and IV 
B)  I and III only 
C)  I and IV only 
D)  I, III, and IV only 
A)  I, II, III, and IV 
B)  I and III only 
C)  I and IV only 
D)  I, III, and IV only

Question 7

What volume of fluid is filtered per minute by the glomeruli?

Accepted Answer

A)  125 mL/min 
B)  60 mL/min 
C)  30 mL/min 
D)  15 mL/min 
A)  125 mL/min 
B)  60 mL/min 
C)  30 mL/min 
D)  15 mL/min

Question 8

What is the normal systemic capillary pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)  17 mm Hg 
B)  35 mm Hg 
C)  5 mm Hg 
D)  25 mm Hg 
A)  17 mm Hg 
B)  35 mm Hg 
C)  5 mm Hg 
D)  25 mm Hg

Question 9

From which structure does the descending limb of the loop of Henle originate?

Accepted Answer

A)  proximal convoluted tubule 
B)  renal pyramid 
C)  collecting duct 
D)  peritubular capillary 
A)  proximal convoluted tubule 
B)  renal pyramid 
C)  collecting duct 
D)  peritubular capillary

Question 10

In which portion of the kidney are the proximal convoluted tubules located?

Accepted Answer

A)  cortex 
B)  medulla 
C)  hilum 
D)  renal pelvis 
A)  cortex 
B)  medulla 
C)  hilum 
D)  renal pelvis

Question 11

What is the average adult's urine output in an hour?

Accepted Answer

A)  60 mL 
B)  30 mL 
C)  15 mL 
D)  90 mL 
A)  60 mL 
B)  30 mL 
C)  15 mL 
D)  90 mL

Question 12

Which structures produce and release ADH?

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothalamus and pituitary gland 
B)  pituitary gland and adrenal glands 
C)  hypothalamus and adrenal glands 
D)  medulla and pituitary gland 
A)  hypothalamus and pituitary gland 
B)  pituitary gland and adrenal glands 
C)  hypothalamus and adrenal glands 
D)  medulla and pituitary gland

Question 13

On the average,how many liters of fluid are filtered by the glomeruli each day in the adult?

Accepted Answer

A)  180 
B)  125 
C)  60 
D)  30 
A)  180 
B)  125 
C)  60 
D)  30

Question 14

What structure is formed from the interlobar vein?

Accepted Answer

A)  renal vein 
B)  arcuate vein 
C)  interlobular veins 
D)  peritubular capillaries 
A)  renal vein 
B)  arcuate vein 
C)  interlobular veins 
D)  peritubular capillaries

Question 15

Into what structure does the distal convoluted tubule empty?

Accepted Answer

A)  collecting duct 
B)  decsending limb of loop pf Henle 
C)  ascending limb of loop of Henle 
D)  ureter 
A)  collecting duct 
B)  decsending limb of loop pf Henle 
C)  ascending limb of loop of Henle 
D)  ureter

Question 16

What is the net filtration pressure in the glomeruli?

Accepted Answer

A)  10 mm Hg 
B)  30 mm Hg 
C)  55 mm Hg 
D)  75 mm Hg 
A)  10 mm Hg 
B)  30 mm Hg 
C)  55 mm Hg 
D)  75 mm Hg

Question 17

Into what vessels do the interlobular arteries branch?

Accepted Answer

A)  afferent arterioles 
B)  efferent arterioles 
C)  peritubular capillaries 
D)  arcuate arteries 
A)  afferent arterioles 
B)  efferent arterioles 
C)  peritubular capillaries 
D)  arcuate arteries

Question 18

What are the functional units of the kidneys called?

Accepted Answer

A)  nephron 
B)  glomerulus 
C)  medulla 
D)  cortex 
A)  nephron 
B)  glomerulus 
C)  medulla 
D)  cortex

Question 19

How are RBC levels affected by chronic renal failure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Erythropoietin production is reduced and the toxic waste accumulation suppresses bone marrow's ability to produce RBCs 
B)  The electrolyte abnormalities breakdown the RBCs and cause anemia 
C)  The renal acidemia breaks down the RBCs and the fragments impair the bone marrow's ability to produce new RBCs 
D)  The level of erythropoietin level is stimulated from the chronic hypoxemia so polycythemia results 
A)  Erythropoietin production is reduced and the toxic waste accumulation suppresses bone marrow's ability to produce RBCs 
B)  The electrolyte abnormalities breakdown the RBCs and cause anemia 
C)  The renal acidemia breaks down the RBCs and the fragments impair the bone marrow's ability to produce new RBCs 
D)  The level of erythropoietin level is stimulated from the chronic hypoxemia so polycythemia results

Question 20

Which of the following can cause kidney inflammation?
I.Radiation
II.Drugs
III.Altered immune response

Accepted Answer

A)  I, II, and III 
B)  I only 
C)  I and II only 
D)  II and III only 
A)  I, II, and III 
B)  I only 
C)  I and II only 
D)  II and III only

What effect,if any,does negative pressure ventilation have on renal function?

How are elevated levels of calcium,magnesium or phosphate ions regulated by the kidneys?

Which of the following are classified as renal conditions? I.Acute pyelonephritis II.Ureteral obstruction III.Hypovolemia IV.Renal ischemia

Which ions account for over 90% of the positively charged ions in extracellular fluid?

How would left ventricular failure affect renal perfusion and urine output?

Which of the following are predisposing factors to urinary flow obstruction? I.Calculi II.Pregnancy III.Infection and inflammation IV.Prostatic hypertrophy

What volume of fluid is filtered per minute by the glomeruli?

What is the normal systemic capillary pressure?

From which structure does the descending limb of the loop of Henle originate?

In which portion of the kidney are the proximal convoluted tubules located?

What is the average adult's urine output in an hour?

Which structures produce and release ADH?

On the average,how many liters of fluid are filtered by the glomeruli each day in the adult?

What structure is formed from the interlobar vein?

Into what structure does the distal convoluted tubule empty?

What is the net filtration pressure in the glomeruli?

Into what vessels do the interlobular arteries branch?

What are the functional units of the kidneys called?

How are RBC levels affected by chronic renal failure?

Which of the following can cause kidney inflammation? I.Radiation II.Drugs III.Altered immune response

The Anatomy and Physiology of the Respiratory System

Ventilation

Pulmonary Function Measurements

The Diffusion of Pulmonary Gases

The Anatomy and Physiology of the Circulatory System

Oxygen and Carbon DioxideTransport

Acid Base Balance

Ventilation Perfusion Relationships

Control of Ventilation

Fetal Development and the Cardiopulmonary System

Aging and the Cardiopulmonary System

Electrophysiology of the Heart

The Standard 12 ECG System

ECG Interpretation

Hemodynamic Measurements

Sleep Physiology and Its Relationship to the Cardiopulmonary System

Exercise and Its Effects on the Cardiopulmonary System

High Altitude and Its Effects on the Cardiopulmonary System

High Pressure Environments and Their Effects on the Cardiopulmonary System

Filters

Exam 16: Renal Failure and Its Effects on the Cardiopulmonary System

What effect,if any,does negative pressure ventilation have on renal function?

How are elevated levels of calcium,magnesium or phosphate ions regulated by the kidneys?

Which of the following are classified as renal conditions? I.Acute pyelonephritis II.Ureteral obstruction III.Hypovolemia IV.Renal ischemia

Which ions account for over 90% of the positively charged ions in extracellular fluid?

How would left ventricular failure affect renal perfusion and urine output?

Which of the following are predisposing factors to urinary flow obstruction? I.Calculi II.Pregnancy III.Infection and inflammation IV.Prostatic hypertrophy

What volume of fluid is filtered per minute by the glomeruli?

What is the normal systemic capillary pressure?

From which structure does the descending limb of the loop of Henle originate?

In which portion of the kidney are the proximal convoluted tubules located?

What is the average adult's urine output in an hour?

Which structures produce and release ADH?

On the average,how many liters of fluid are filtered by the glomeruli each day in the adult?

What structure is formed from the interlobar vein?

Into what structure does the distal convoluted tubule empty?

What is the net filtration pressure in the glomeruli?

Into what vessels do the interlobular arteries branch?

What are the functional units of the kidneys called?

How are RBC levels affected by chronic renal failure?

Which of the following can cause kidney inflammation? I.Radiation II.Drugs III.Altered immune response

The Anatomy and Physiology of the Respiratory System

Ventilation

Pulmonary Function Measurements

The Diffusion of Pulmonary Gases

The Anatomy and Physiology of the Circulatory System

Oxygen and Carbon DioxideTransport

Acid Base Balance

Ventilation Perfusion Relationships

Control of Ventilation

Fetal Development and the Cardiopulmonary System

Aging and the Cardiopulmonary System

Electrophysiology of the Heart

The Standard 12 ECG System

ECG Interpretation

Hemodynamic Measurements

Sleep Physiology and Its Relationship to the Cardiopulmonary System

Exercise and Its Effects on the Cardiopulmonary System

High Altitude and Its Effects on the Cardiopulmonary System

High Pressure Environments and Their Effects on the Cardiopulmonary System

Filters