Question 1

How is aerobic capacity affected by age?

Accepted Answer

A)  It decreases 50% between age 20 and 80 
B)  It decreases 20% between age 20 and 80 
C)  It remains constant between age 20 and 80 
D)  It decreases 1% per year 
A)  It decreases 50% between age 20 and 80 
B)  It decreases 20% between age 20 and 80 
C)  It remains constant between age 20 and 80 
D)  It decreases 1% per year A

Question 2

At what adult age does the PaO₂ generally start to decline?

Accepted Answer

A)  45 years 
B)  55 years 
C)  65 years 
D)  75 years 
A)  45 years 
B)  55 years 
C)  65 years 
D)  75 years A

Question 3

By age 60,what is the approximate value for the RV/TLC ratio?

Accepted Answer

A)  35% 
B)  20% 
C)  50% 
D)  65% 
A)  35% 
B)  20% 
C)  50% 
D)  65% A

Question 4

What change can be expected in alveolar deadspace ventilation throughout adult life?

Accepted Answer

A)  It increases1mL/year 
B)  It increases 10 mL/year 
C)  It increases 0.1 L/year 
D)  It decreases 2 mL/year 
A)  It increases1mL/year 
B)  It increases 10 mL/year 
C)  It increases 0.1 L/year 
D)  It decreases 2 mL/year

Question 5

What of the following is one of the most prominent physiologic changes associated with aging?

Accepted Answer

A)  reduced airflow expulsion 
B)  decreased PaCO? 
C)  increased DLCO 
D)  decreased alveolar deadspace ventilation 
A)  reduced airflow expulsion 
B)  decreased PaCO? 
C)  increased DLCO 
D)  decreased alveolar deadspace ventilation

Question 6

Between age 30 and 80,what change occurs in the thickness of the left ventricle?

Accepted Answer

A)  It increases by 25% 
B)  It decreases by 25% 
C)  It increases by 50% 
D)  It decreases by 50% 
A)  It increases by 25% 
B)  It decreases by 25% 
C)  It increases by 50% 
D)  It decreases by 50%

Question 7

Approximately how many people living in the United States are 65 years of age or older?

Accepted Answer

A)  40 million + 
B)  30 million + 
C)  20 million+ 
D)  10 million + 
A)  40 million + 
B)  30 million + 
C)  20 million+ 
D)  10 million +

Question 8

How is the work of the heart affected by aging?

Accepted Answer

A)  It decreases 1% per year 
B)  It increases 1% per year 
C)  It decreases by 3% per year 
D)  It increases by 3% per year 
A)  It decreases 1% per year 
B)  It increases 1% per year 
C)  It decreases by 3% per year 
D)  It increases by 3% per year

Question 9

By age 70,how much does the VC generally decrease?

Accepted Answer

A)  40-50% 
B)  10-20% 
C)  20-30% 
D)  60-70% 
A)  40-50% 
B)  10-20% 
C)  20-30% 
D)  60-70%

Question 10

In women,how much does the VC decrease per year?

Accepted Answer

A)  20 mL/year 
B)  10 mL/year 
C)  40 mL/year 
D)  50 mL/year 
A)  20 mL/year 
B)  10 mL/year 
C)  40 mL/year 
D)  50 mL/year

Question 11

With aging,what changes can be expected in the costal cartilages and thoracic compliance?

Accepted Answer

A)  costal cartilages calcify causing a downward slant of the ribs making the thorax less compliant 
B)  costal cartilages become more compliant causing the thorax to become more compliant 
C)  the costal cartilages remain unchanged but the thoracic compliance increases 
D)  the costal cartilages remain unchanged but the thoracic compliance will decrease 
A)  costal cartilages calcify causing a downward slant of the ribs making the thorax less compliant 
B)  costal cartilages become more compliant causing the thorax to become more compliant 
C)  the costal cartilages remain unchanged but the thoracic compliance increases 
D)  the costal cartilages remain unchanged but the thoracic compliance will decrease

Question 12

What change in DLCO is expected over the course of adult life?

Accepted Answer

A)  It will decrease by 20% 
B)  It will decrease by 5% 
C)  It will decrease by 30% 
D)  It will decreaase by 40% 
A)  It will decrease by 20% 
B)  It will decrease by 5% 
C)  It will decrease by 30% 
D)  It will decreaase by 40%

Question 13

In the elderly,what effect does regular exercise have on resting heart rate,bone density,and blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Heart rate and blood pressure will decrease; Bone density will increase 
B)  All three parameters will decrease 
C)  All three parameters will increase 
D)  Heart rate will remain stable; bone density will increase, and blood pressure will decrease 
A)  Heart rate and blood pressure will decrease; Bone density will increase 
B)  All three parameters will decrease 
C)  All three parameters will increase 
D)  Heart rate will remain stable; bone density will increase, and blood pressure will decrease

Question 14

What effect does aging have on PaCO₂ in the healthy adult?

Accepted Answer

A)  PaCO₂ remains constant throughout adult life 
B)  It decreases 2 mmHg per year after age 45 
C)  It increases 2 mmHg per year after age 45 
D)  It decreases until age 75 then levels off. 
A)  PaCO₂ remains constant throughout adult life 
B)  It decreases 2 mmHg per year after age 45 
C)  It increases 2 mmHg per year after age 45 
D)  It decreases until age 75 then levels off.

Question 15

What changes would be expected in RV,VC and TLC with aging?

Accepted Answer

A)  RV will increase, VC will decrease, and TLC will remain constant 
B)  RV and TLC will increase while VC will decrease 
C)  RV will decrease, VC and TLC will remain constant 
D)  VC and TLC will decrease while RV remains constant 
A)  RV will increase, VC will decrease, and TLC will remain constant 
B)  RV and TLC will increase while VC will decrease 
C)  RV will decrease, VC and TLC will remain constant 
D)  VC and TLC will decrease while RV remains constant

Question 16

How does the work expenditure of a 60 year old to overcome static mechanical forces during normal breathing compare to that of a 20 year old?

Accepted Answer

A)  The work expenditure of the 60 year old is 20% higher than the work expenditure of the 20 year old 
B)  The work expenditure is approximately equal 
C)  The work expenditure of the 60 year old is 200% greater than that of the 20 year old 
D)  The work expenditure of the 60 year old is only 80% of that of the 20 year old 
A)  The work expenditure of the 60 year old is 20% higher than the work expenditure of the 20 year old 
B)  The work expenditure is approximately equal 
C)  The work expenditure of the 60 year old is 200% greater than that of the 20 year old 
D)  The work expenditure of the 60 year old is only 80% of that of the 20 year old

Question 17

What is the maximum heart rate for a 70 year old?

Accepted Answer

A)  150 beats/min 
B)  160 beats / minute 
C)  140 beats/min 
D)  180 beats/min 
A)  150 beats/min 
B)  160 beats / minute 
C)  140 beats/min 
D)  180 beats/min

Question 18

What percentage of the elderly population is affected by a decreased cough reflex?

Accepted Answer

A)  70% 
B)  50% 
C)  30% 
D)  10% 
A)  70% 
B)  50% 
C)  30% 
D)  10%

Question 19

Which of the following contribute to elevated blood pressure in the elderly?
I.Increased total peripheral vascular resistance
II.Obesity
III.Sodium intake
IV.Stress

Accepted Answer

A)  I, II, III, and IV 
B)  I and III only 
C)  I and II only 
D)  I, II and III only 
A)  I, II, III, and IV 
B)  I and III only 
C)  I and II only 
D)  I, II and III only

Question 20

Which of the following factors may predispose the elderly to anemia?
I.Replacement of red bone marrow in long bones with fatty marrow
II.GI atrophy
III.GI bleeding
Iv.Insufficient income to purchase nutritious food

Accepted Answer

A)  I, II, III, and IV 
B)  I and III only 
C)  I, II, and III only 
D)  II and III only 
A)  I, II, III, and IV 
B)  I and III only 
C)  I, II, and III only 
D)  II and III only

How is aerobic capacity affected by age?

At what adult age does the PaO₂ generally start to decline?

By age 60,what is the approximate value for the RV/TLC ratio?

What change can be expected in alveolar deadspace ventilation throughout adult life?

What of the following is one of the most prominent physiologic changes associated with aging?

Between age 30 and 80,what change occurs in the thickness of the left ventricle?

Approximately how many people living in the United States are 65 years of age or older?

How is the work of the heart affected by aging?

By age 70,how much does the VC generally decrease?

In women,how much does the VC decrease per year?

With aging,what changes can be expected in the costal cartilages and thoracic compliance?

What change in DLCO is expected over the course of adult life?

In the elderly,what effect does regular exercise have on resting heart rate,bone density,and blood pressure?

What effect does aging have on PaCO₂ in the healthy adult?

What changes would be expected in RV,VC and TLC with aging?

How does the work expenditure of a 60 year old to overcome static mechanical forces during normal breathing compare to that of a 20 year old?

What is the maximum heart rate for a 70 year old?

What percentage of the elderly population is affected by a decreased cough reflex?

Which of the following contribute to elevated blood pressure in the elderly? I.Increased total peripheral vascular resistance II.Obesity III.Sodium intake IV.Stress

Which of the following factors may predispose the elderly to anemia? I.Replacement of red bone marrow in long bones with fatty marrow II.GI atrophy III.GI bleeding Iv.Insufficient income to purchase nutritious food

The Anatomy and Physiology of the Respiratory System

Ventilation

Pulmonary Function Measurements

The Diffusion of Pulmonary Gases

The Anatomy and Physiology of the Circulatory System

Oxygen and Carbon DioxideTransport

Acid Base Balance

Ventilation Perfusion Relationships

Control of Ventilation

Fetal Development and the Cardiopulmonary System

Electrophysiology of the Heart

The Standard 12 ECG System

ECG Interpretation

Hemodynamic Measurements

Renal Failure and Its Effects on the Cardiopulmonary System

Sleep Physiology and Its Relationship to the Cardiopulmonary System

Exercise and Its Effects on the Cardiopulmonary System

High Altitude and Its Effects on the Cardiopulmonary System

High Pressure Environments and Their Effects on the Cardiopulmonary System

Filters

Exam 11: Aging and the Cardiopulmonary System

How is aerobic capacity affected by age?

At what adult age does the PaO₂ generally start to decline?

By age 60,what is the approximate value for the RV/TLC ratio?

What change can be expected in alveolar deadspace ventilation throughout adult life?

What of the following is one of the most prominent physiologic changes associated with aging?

Between age 30 and 80,what change occurs in the thickness of the left ventricle?

Approximately how many people living in the United States are 65 years of age or older?

How is the work of the heart affected by aging?

By age 70,how much does the VC generally decrease?

In women,how much does the VC decrease per year?

With aging,what changes can be expected in the costal cartilages and thoracic compliance?

What change in DLCO is expected over the course of adult life?

In the elderly,what effect does regular exercise have on resting heart rate,bone density,and blood pressure?

What effect does aging have on PaCO₂ in the healthy adult?

What changes would be expected in RV,VC and TLC with aging?

How does the work expenditure of a 60 year old to overcome static mechanical forces during normal breathing compare to that of a 20 year old?

What is the maximum heart rate for a 70 year old?

What percentage of the elderly population is affected by a decreased cough reflex?

Which of the following contribute to elevated blood pressure in the elderly? I.Increased total peripheral vascular resistance II.Obesity III.Sodium intake IV.Stress

Which of the following factors may predispose the elderly to anemia? I.Replacement of red bone marrow in long bones with fatty marrow II.GI atrophy III.GI bleeding Iv.Insufficient income to purchase nutritious food

The Anatomy and Physiology of the Respiratory System

Ventilation

Pulmonary Function Measurements

The Diffusion of Pulmonary Gases

The Anatomy and Physiology of the Circulatory System

Oxygen and Carbon DioxideTransport

Acid Base Balance

Ventilation Perfusion Relationships

Control of Ventilation

Fetal Development and the Cardiopulmonary System

Electrophysiology of the Heart

The Standard 12 ECG System

ECG Interpretation

Hemodynamic Measurements

Renal Failure and Its Effects on the Cardiopulmonary System

Sleep Physiology and Its Relationship to the Cardiopulmonary System

Exercise and Its Effects on the Cardiopulmonary System

High Altitude and Its Effects on the Cardiopulmonary System

High Pressure Environments and Their Effects on the Cardiopulmonary System

Filters