Question 1

What does the overall ventilation perfusion ratio equal in a healthy adult?

Accepted Answer

A)  0.8 
B)  0.6 
C)  0.4 
D)  0.25 
A)  0.8 
B)  0.6 
C)  0.4 
D)  0.25 A

Question 2

What changes would be expected in the ventilation-perfusion ratio in the presence of excessive blood loss?

Accepted Answer

A)  The ventilation-perfusion ratio will increase. 
B)  The ventilation-perfusion ratio will decrease 
C)  The ventilation-perfusion ratio will remain constant 
D)  The ventilation-perfusion ratio initially decreases will increase then will decrease dramatically 
A)  The ventilation-perfusion ratio will increase. 
B)  The ventilation-perfusion ratio will decrease 
C)  The ventilation-perfusion ratio will remain constant 
D)  The ventilation-perfusion ratio initially decreases will increase then will decrease dramatically A

Question 3

What would the RQ equal if the volume of CO₂ produced was 220 mL/min and the volume of O₂ consumed was 300 mL/min?

Accepted Answer

A)  1.36 
B)  0.73 
C)  0.88 
D)  0.66 
A)  1.36 
B)  0.73 
C)  0.88 
D)  0.66 A

Question 4

What would the ventilation-perfusion ratio equal if pulmonary capillary blood flow equals 4 L/min and the minute alveolar ventilation equals 5 L/min?

Accepted Answer

A)  1.25 
B)  0.8 
C)  1.0 
D)  0.66 
A)  1.25 
B)  0.8 
C)  1.0 
D)  0.66

Question 5

Which of the following statements are true regarding a capnogram?
I.It is a direct measurement of PCO₂ eliminated by the lungs
II.It is an indirect measurement of PCO₂ eliminated by the lungs
III.It is an indirect measurement of PvCO₂
IV.It is a direct measurement of PaCO₂

Accepted Answer

A)  I and III only 
B)  I and IV only 
C)  II and III only 
D)  II and IV only 
A)  I and III only 
B)  I and IV only 
C)  II and III only 
D)  II and IV only

Question 6

In the upright position,which region of the right lung would have the lowest ventilation-perfusion ratio?

Accepted Answer

A)  lower lobe 
B)  upper lobe 
C)  middle lobe 
D)  hilum 
A)  lower lobe 
B)  upper lobe 
C)  middle lobe 
D)  hilum

Question 7

Which of the following will result in a decreased ventilation-perfusion ratio?
I.Asthma
II.Emphysemaa
III.Pulmonary fibrosis
IV.Pulmonary emboli

Accepted Answer

A)  I, II, and III only 
B)  I, II, and IV only 
C)  1, II, III, and IV 
D)  II, III, and IV only 
A)  I, II, and III only 
B)  I, II, and IV only 
C)  1, II, III, and IV 
D)  II, III, and IV only

Question 8

What is the term for the ratio between the volume of oxygen consumed by tissues in one minute and the volume of carbon dioxide produced and is a reflection of internal respiration?

Accepted Answer

A)  respiratory quotient 
B)  ventilation-perfusion ratio 
C)  respiratory exchange ratio 
D)  ETCO₂/O₂ 
A)  respiratory quotient 
B)  ventilation-perfusion ratio 
C)  respiratory exchange ratio 
D)  ETCO₂/O₂

Question 9

Which waveform on a capnogram is characteristic of bronchospasm that occurs during a severe asthmatic episode?

Accepted Answer

A)  shark-fin 
B)  sine wave 
C)  sawtooth 
D)  square wave 
A)  shark-fin 
B)  sine wave 
C)  sawtooth 
D)  square wave

Question 10

Which of the following conditions would result in an increased ventilation-perfusion ratio?
I.Pulmonary emboli
II.Pulmonary Hypertension
III.Pneumothorax
IV.Cardiac arrest

Accepted Answer

A)  I, II, III, IV 
B)  I. II, and III only 
C)  I, and III only 
D)  II, III, and IV only 
A)  I, II, III, IV 
B)  I. II, and III only 
C)  I, and III only 
D)  II, III, and IV only

Question 11

Which of the following conditions would result in an increased ETCO₂?
I.Seizures
II.Hyperthermia
III.Hemorrhage
IV.Pulmonary emboli

Accepted Answer

A)  I and II only 
B)  I, II, and III only 
C)  I and III only 
D)  II, III, and IV only 
A)  I and II only 
B)  I, II, and III only 
C)  I and III only 
D)  II, III, and IV only

Question 12

In the upright position,which portion of the right lung would have the highest ventilation-perfusion ratio?

Accepted Answer

A)  apex of upper lobe 
B)  lower lobe 
C)  middle lobe 
D)  hilum 
A)  apex of upper lobe 
B)  lower lobe 
C)  middle lobe 
D)  hilum

Question 13

What is the normal value for ETCO₂ in a healthy young adult?

Accepted Answer

A)  5% 
B)  8% 
C)  15% 
D)  18% 
A)  5% 
B)  8% 
C)  15% 
D)  18%

Question 14

When a decreased ventilation-perfusion ratio occurs,which of the following changes will occur:
I.PAO₂ will increase
II.PAO₂ will decrease
III.PACO₂ will increase
IV.PACO₂ will decrease
V.pH will decrease

Accepted Answer

A)  II ,III, and V only 
B)  1, III, and V only 
C)  II and IV only 
D)  I, IV, and V only 
A)  II ,III, and V only 
B)  1, III, and V only 
C)  II and IV only 
D)  I, IV, and V only

Question 15

What is the term for the quantity of oxygen and carbon dioxide exchanged in one minute during external respiration?

Accepted Answer

A)  respiratory exchange ratio 
B)  respiratory quotient 
C)  ventilation perfusion ratio 
D)  end tidal CO₂: O₂ 
A)  respiratory exchange ratio 
B)  respiratory quotient 
C)  ventilation perfusion ratio 
D)  end tidal CO₂: O₂

Question 16

What effect would upper airway obstruction have on ventilation-perfusion ratio,PaO₂ and PACO₂?

Accepted Answer

A)  The V/Q ratio and PAO₂ will decrease and PACO₂ will increase 
B)  The V/Q ratio and PACO₂ will decrease and PaO₂ will increase 
C)  The V/Q ratio and PACO₂ will increase and PAO₂ will decrease 
D)  The V/Q ratio and PAO₂ will increase and PACO₂ will decrease 
A)  The V/Q ratio and PAO₂ will decrease and PACO₂ will increase 
B)  The V/Q ratio and PACO₂ will decrease and PaO₂ will increase 
C)  The V/Q ratio and PACO₂ will increase and PAO₂ will decrease 
D)  The V/Q ratio and PAO₂ will increase and PACO₂ will decrease

Question 17

Following emergency endotracheal intubation,what would an ETCO₂ of zero indicate?

Accepted Answer

A)  esophageal tube placement 
B)  correct endotracheal placement 
C)  right mainstem placement 
D)  left mainstem placement 
A)  esophageal tube placement 
B)  correct endotracheal placement 
C)  right mainstem placement 
D)  left mainstem placement

Question 18

What effect does a reduced ventilation perfusion ratio have on end-capillary PO₂ and PCO₂?

Accepted Answer

A)  end capillary PO₂ will decrease and end capillary PCO₂ will increase 
B)  end capillary PO₂ will increase and end capillary PCO₂ will decrease 
C)  end capillary PO₂ and PCO₂ will both decrease 
D)  end capillary PO₂ will decrease while end capillary PCO₂ will remain constant 
A)  end capillary PO₂ will decrease and end capillary PCO₂ will increase 
B)  end capillary PO₂ will increase and end capillary PCO₂ will decrease 
C)  end capillary PO₂ and PCO₂ will both decrease 
D)  end capillary PO₂ will decrease while end capillary PCO₂ will remain constant

Question 19

What would the ventilation-perfusion ratio equal if the pulmonary blood flow is 5.4 L/min and the alveolar tidal volume is 350 mL,and the respiratory rate is 12/min?

Accepted Answer

A)  0.78 
B)  0.85 
C)  0.66 
D)  0.54 
A)  0.78 
B)  0.85 
C)  0.66 
D)  0.54

Question 20

What is the term for the relationship between alveolar ventilation and pulmonary capillary blood flow?

Accepted Answer

A)  ventilation-perfusion ratio 
B)  respiratory exchange ratio 
C)  respiratory quotient 
D)  respiratory rate 
A)  ventilation-perfusion ratio 
B)  respiratory exchange ratio 
C)  respiratory quotient 
D)  respiratory rate

What does the overall ventilation perfusion ratio equal in a healthy adult?

What changes would be expected in the ventilation-perfusion ratio in the presence of excessive blood loss?

What would the RQ equal if the volume of CO₂ produced was 220 mL/min and the volume of O₂ consumed was 300 mL/min?

What would the ventilation-perfusion ratio equal if pulmonary capillary blood flow equals 4 L/min and the minute alveolar ventilation equals 5 L/min?

Which of the following statements are true regarding a capnogram? I.It is a direct measurement of PCO₂ eliminated by the lungs II.It is an indirect measurement of PCO₂ eliminated by the lungs III.It is an indirect measurement of PvCO₂ IV.It is a direct measurement of PaCO₂

In the upright position,which region of the right lung would have the lowest ventilation-perfusion ratio?

Which of the following will result in a decreased ventilation-perfusion ratio? I.Asthma II.Emphysemaa III.Pulmonary fibrosis IV.Pulmonary emboli

What is the term for the ratio between the volume of oxygen consumed by tissues in one minute and the volume of carbon dioxide produced and is a reflection of internal respiration?

Which waveform on a capnogram is characteristic of bronchospasm that occurs during a severe asthmatic episode?

Which of the following conditions would result in an increased ventilation-perfusion ratio? I.Pulmonary emboli II.Pulmonary Hypertension III.Pneumothorax IV.Cardiac arrest

Which of the following conditions would result in an increased ETCO₂? I.Seizures II.Hyperthermia III.Hemorrhage IV.Pulmonary emboli

In the upright position,which portion of the right lung would have the highest ventilation-perfusion ratio?

What is the normal value for ETCO₂ in a healthy young adult?

When a decreased ventilation-perfusion ratio occurs,which of the following changes will occur: I.PAO₂ will increase II.PAO₂ will decrease III.PACO₂ will increase IV.PACO₂ will decrease V.pH will decrease

What is the term for the quantity of oxygen and carbon dioxide exchanged in one minute during external respiration?

What effect would upper airway obstruction have on ventilation-perfusion ratio,PaO₂ and PACO₂?

Following emergency endotracheal intubation,what would an ETCO₂ of zero indicate?

What effect does a reduced ventilation perfusion ratio have on end-capillary PO₂ and PCO₂?

What would the ventilation-perfusion ratio equal if the pulmonary blood flow is 5.4 L/min and the alveolar tidal volume is 350 mL,and the respiratory rate is 12/min?

What is the term for the relationship between alveolar ventilation and pulmonary capillary blood flow?

The Anatomy and Physiology of the Respiratory System

Ventilation

Pulmonary Function Measurements

The Diffusion of Pulmonary Gases

The Anatomy and Physiology of the Circulatory System

Oxygen and Carbon DioxideTransport

Acid Base Balance

Control of Ventilation

Fetal Development and the Cardiopulmonary System

Aging and the Cardiopulmonary System

Electrophysiology of the Heart

The Standard 12 ECG System

ECG Interpretation

Hemodynamic Measurements

Renal Failure and Its Effects on the Cardiopulmonary System

Sleep Physiology and Its Relationship to the Cardiopulmonary System

Exercise and Its Effects on the Cardiopulmonary System

High Altitude and Its Effects on the Cardiopulmonary System

High Pressure Environments and Their Effects on the Cardiopulmonary System

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Exam 8: Ventilation Perfusion Relationships

What does the overall ventilation perfusion ratio equal in a healthy adult?

What changes would be expected in the ventilation-perfusion ratio in the presence of excessive blood loss?

What would the RQ equal if the volume of CO₂ produced was 220 mL/min and the volume of O₂ consumed was 300 mL/min?

What would the ventilation-perfusion ratio equal if pulmonary capillary blood flow equals 4 L/min and the minute alveolar ventilation equals 5 L/min?

Which of the following statements are true regarding a capnogram? I.It is a direct measurement of PCO₂ eliminated by the lungs II.It is an indirect measurement of PCO₂ eliminated by the lungs III.It is an indirect measurement of PvCO₂ IV.It is a direct measurement of PaCO₂

In the upright position,which region of the right lung would have the lowest ventilation-perfusion ratio?

Which of the following will result in a decreased ventilation-perfusion ratio? I.Asthma II.Emphysemaa III.Pulmonary fibrosis IV.Pulmonary emboli

What is the term for the ratio between the volume of oxygen consumed by tissues in one minute and the volume of carbon dioxide produced and is a reflection of internal respiration?

Which waveform on a capnogram is characteristic of bronchospasm that occurs during a severe asthmatic episode?

Which of the following conditions would result in an increased ventilation-perfusion ratio? I.Pulmonary emboli II.Pulmonary Hypertension III.Pneumothorax IV.Cardiac arrest

Which of the following conditions would result in an increased ETCO₂? I.Seizures II.Hyperthermia III.Hemorrhage IV.Pulmonary emboli

In the upright position,which portion of the right lung would have the highest ventilation-perfusion ratio?

What is the normal value for ETCO₂ in a healthy young adult?

When a decreased ventilation-perfusion ratio occurs,which of the following changes will occur: I.PAO₂ will increase II.PAO₂ will decrease III.PACO₂ will increase IV.PACO₂ will decrease V.pH will decrease

What is the term for the quantity of oxygen and carbon dioxide exchanged in one minute during external respiration?

What effect would upper airway obstruction have on ventilation-perfusion ratio,PaO₂ and PACO₂?

Following emergency endotracheal intubation,what would an ETCO₂ of zero indicate?

What effect does a reduced ventilation perfusion ratio have on end-capillary PO₂ and PCO₂?

What would the ventilation-perfusion ratio equal if the pulmonary blood flow is 5.4 L/min and the alveolar tidal volume is 350 mL,and the respiratory rate is 12/min?

What is the term for the relationship between alveolar ventilation and pulmonary capillary blood flow?

The Anatomy and Physiology of the Respiratory System

Ventilation

Pulmonary Function Measurements

The Diffusion of Pulmonary Gases

The Anatomy and Physiology of the Circulatory System

Oxygen and Carbon DioxideTransport

Acid Base Balance

Control of Ventilation

Fetal Development and the Cardiopulmonary System

Aging and the Cardiopulmonary System

Electrophysiology of the Heart

The Standard 12 ECG System

ECG Interpretation

Hemodynamic Measurements

Renal Failure and Its Effects on the Cardiopulmonary System

Sleep Physiology and Its Relationship to the Cardiopulmonary System

Exercise and Its Effects on the Cardiopulmonary System

High Altitude and Its Effects on the Cardiopulmonary System

High Pressure Environments and Their Effects on the Cardiopulmonary System

Filters