Question 1

What is the most common cause of insufficient erythropoiesis in children?

Accepted Answer

A)  Folic acid deficiency 
B)  Iron deficiency 
C)  Hemoglobin abnormality 
D)  Erythrocyte abnormality 
A)  Folic acid deficiency 
B)  Iron deficiency 
C)  Hemoglobin abnormality 
D)  Erythrocyte abnormality

Question 2

What are the common triggers for sickle cell crisis? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Fever 
B)  Infection 
C)  Dehydration 
D)  Alkalosis 
E)  Exposure to the cold 
A)  Fever 
B)  Infection 
C)  Dehydration 
D)  Alkalosis 
E)  Exposure to the cold

Question 3

An infant's hemoglobin must fall below ___ g/dl before signs of pallor,tachycardia,and systolic murmurs occur.

Accepted Answer

A)  11 
B)  9 
C)  7 
D)  5 
A)  11 
B)  9 
C)  7 
D)  5

Question 4

Which type of hemophilia affects only men?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hemophilia A 
B)  Hemophilia B 
C)  Hemophilia C 
D)  von Willebrand disease 
A)  Hemophilia A 
B)  Hemophilia B 
C)  Hemophilia C 
D)  von Willebrand disease

Question 5

Why does fetal hemoglobin have a greater affinity for oxygen than adult hemoglobin?

Accepted Answer

A)  The fetus does not have its own oxygen supply and must rely on oxygen from the maternal vascular system. 
B)  The fetus has two g-chains on the hemoglobin, rather than two b-chains as in the adult. 
C)  Fetal hemoglobin interacts less readily with diphosphoglycerate (DPG), which inhibits hemoglobin-oxygen binding. 
D)  Fetal hemoglobin production occurs in the vessels and liver rather than in the bone marrow as in the adult. 
A)  The fetus does not have its own oxygen supply and must rely on oxygen from the maternal vascular system. 
B)  The fetus has two g-chains on the hemoglobin, rather than two b-chains as in the adult. 
C)  Fetal hemoglobin interacts less readily with diphosphoglycerate (DPG), which inhibits hemoglobin-oxygen binding. 
D)  Fetal hemoglobin production occurs in the vessels and liver rather than in the bone marrow as in the adult.

Question 6

Erythroblastosis fetalis is defined as an:

Accepted Answer

A)  Allergic disease in which maternal blood and fetal blood are antigenically incompatible 
B)  Alloimmune disease in which maternal blood and fetal blood are antigenically incompatible 
C)  Autoimmune disease in immature nucleated cells that are released into the bloodstream 
D)  Autosomal dominant hereditary disease 
A)  Allergic disease in which maternal blood and fetal blood are antigenically incompatible 
B)  Alloimmune disease in which maternal blood and fetal blood are antigenically incompatible 
C)  Autoimmune disease in immature nucleated cells that are released into the bloodstream 
D)  Autosomal dominant hereditary disease

Question 7

Which disease is caused by clotting factor VIII deficiency and is an autosomal dominant trait?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hemophilia A 
B)  Hemophilia B 
C)  Hemophilia C 
D)  von Willebrand disease 
A)  Hemophilia A 
B)  Hemophilia B 
C)  Hemophilia C 
D)  von Willebrand disease

Question 8

Which type of anemia occurs as a result of thalassemia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Microcytic, hypochromic 
B)  Microcytic, normochromic 
C)  Macrocytic, hyperchromic 
D)  Macrocytic, normochromic 
A)  Microcytic, hypochromic 
B)  Microcytic, normochromic 
C)  Macrocytic, hyperchromic 
D)  Macrocytic, normochromic

Question 9

What is the significance of hyperdiploidy when diagnosing and treating leukemia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hyperdiploidy indicates a good prognosis. 
B)  Hyperdiploidy indicates a poor prognosis. 
C)  Hyperdiploidy indicates poor response to a specific treatment. 
D)  Hyperdiploidy indicates the achievement of remission. 
A)  Hyperdiploidy indicates a good prognosis. 
B)  Hyperdiploidy indicates a poor prognosis. 
C)  Hyperdiploidy indicates poor response to a specific treatment. 
D)  Hyperdiploidy indicates the achievement of remission.

Question 10

When does fetal erythrocyte production shift from the liver to the bone marrow?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fourth month of gestation 
B)  Fifth month of gestation 
C)  Eighth month of gestation 
D)  At birth 
A)  Fourth month of gestation 
B)  Fifth month of gestation 
C)  Eighth month of gestation 
D)  At birth

Question 11

What is the name of the disorder in which levels of bilirubin remain excessively high in the newborn and are deposited in the brain?

Accepted Answer

A)  Kernicterus 
B)  Icterus neonatorum 
C)  Jaundice 
D)  Icterus gravis neonatorum 
A)  Kernicterus 
B)  Icterus neonatorum 
C)  Jaundice 
D)  Icterus gravis neonatorum

Question 12

Fetuses who do not survive anemia in utero are usually stillborn with gross edema of the entire body.Which term is used to identify this condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  Spherocytosis 
B)  Icterus gravis neonatorum 
C)  Erythroblastosis fetalis 
D)  Hydrops fetalis 
A)  Spherocytosis 
B)  Icterus gravis neonatorum 
C)  Erythroblastosis fetalis 
D)  Hydrops fetalis

Question 13

Match each sickle cell crisis with its description.Terms may be used more than once.
-Blood flow is impaired by tangled masses of rigid,sickled cells.

Accepted Answer

A) Vasoocclusive crisis 
B) Aplastic crisis 
C) Sequestration crisis 
D) Hyperhemolytic crisis 
A) Vasoocclusive crisis 
B) Aplastic crisis 
C) Sequestration crisis 
D) Hyperhemolytic crisis

Question 14

Which disease is an autosomal dominant inherited hemorrhagic disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hemophilia A 
B)  von Willebrand disease 
C)  Christmas disease 
D)  Hemophilia B 
A)  Hemophilia A 
B)  von Willebrand disease 
C)  Christmas disease 
D)  Hemophilia B

Question 15

What is the fundamental defect that results in beta-thalassemia major?

Accepted Answer

A)  The spleen prematurely destroys the precipitate-carrying cells. 
B)  A severe uncoupling of a- and b-chain synthesis occurs. 
C)  All four beta-forming genes are defective. 
D)  Hemoglobin H (HbH) develops when three genes are defective. 
A)  The spleen prematurely destroys the precipitate-carrying cells. 
B)  A severe uncoupling of a- and b-chain synthesis occurs. 
C)  All four beta-forming genes are defective. 
D)  Hemoglobin H (HbH) develops when three genes are defective.

Question 16

Hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)can occur if the mother:

Accepted Answer

A)  Is Rh-positive and the fetus is Rh-negative 
B)  Is Rh-negative and the fetus is Rh-positive 
C)  Has type A blood and the fetus has type O 
D)  Has type AB blood and the fetus has type B 
A)  Is Rh-positive and the fetus is Rh-negative 
B)  Is Rh-negative and the fetus is Rh-positive 
C)  Has type A blood and the fetus has type O 
D)  Has type AB blood and the fetus has type B

Question 17

In a full-term infant,the normal erythrocyte life span is _____ days,whereas the adult erythrocyte life span is _____ days.

Accepted Answer

A)  30 to 50; 80 
B)  60 to 80; 120 
C)  90 to 110; 140 
D)  120 to 130; 150 
A)  30 to 50; 80 
B)  60 to 80; 120 
C)  90 to 110; 140 
D)  120 to 130; 150

Question 18

Which manifestations of vasoocclusive crisis are associated with sickle cell disease (SCD)in infants?

Accepted Answer

A)  Atelectasis and pneumonia 
B)  Edema of the hands and feet 
C)  Stasis ulcers of the hands, ankles, and feet 
D)  Splenomegaly and hepatomegaly 
A)  Atelectasis and pneumonia 
B)  Edema of the hands and feet 
C)  Stasis ulcers of the hands, ankles, and feet 
D)  Splenomegaly and hepatomegaly

Question 19

Match each sickle cell crisis with its description.Terms may be used more than once.
-Crisis occurs in association with certain drugs or infection.

Accepted Answer

A) Vasoocclusive crisis 
B) Aplastic crisis 
C) Sequestration crisis 
D) Hyperhemolytic crisis 
A) Vasoocclusive crisis 
B) Aplastic crisis 
C) Sequestration crisis 
D) Hyperhemolytic crisis

Question 20

Sickle cell disease (SCD)is what type of inherited disorder?

Accepted Answer

A)  Autosomal dominant 
B)  Autosomal recessive 
C)  X-linked dominant 
D)  X-linked recessive 
A)  Autosomal dominant 
B)  Autosomal recessive 
C)  X-linked dominant 
D)  X-linked recessive

Exam 30: Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children

What is the most common cause of insufficient erythropoiesis in children?

What are the common triggers for sickle cell crisis? (Select all that apply.)

An infant's hemoglobin must fall below ___ g/dl before signs of pallor,tachycardia,and systolic murmurs occur.

Which type of hemophilia affects only men?

Why does fetal hemoglobin have a greater affinity for oxygen than adult hemoglobin?

Erythroblastosis fetalis is defined as an:

Which disease is caused by clotting factor VIII deficiency and is an autosomal dominant trait?

Which type of anemia occurs as a result of thalassemia?

What is the significance of hyperdiploidy when diagnosing and treating leukemia?

When does fetal erythrocyte production shift from the liver to the bone marrow?

What is the name of the disorder in which levels of bilirubin remain excessively high in the newborn and are deposited in the brain?

Fetuses who do not survive anemia in utero are usually stillborn with gross edema of the entire body.Which term is used to identify this condition?

Match each sickle cell crisis with its description.Terms may be used more than once. -Blood flow is impaired by tangled masses of rigid,sickled cells.

Which disease is an autosomal dominant inherited hemorrhagic disease?

What is the fundamental defect that results in beta-thalassemia major?

Hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)can occur if the mother:

In a full-term infant,the normal erythrocyte life span is _____ days,whereas the adult erythrocyte life span is _____ days.

Which manifestations of vasoocclusive crisis are associated with sickle cell disease (SCD)in infants?

Match each sickle cell crisis with its description.Terms may be used more than once. -Crisis occurs in association with certain drugs or infection.

Sickle cell disease (SCD)is what type of inherited disorder?

Cellular Biology

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases

Epigenetics and Disease

Innate Immunity: Inflammation

Adaptive Immunity

Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation

Infection

Stress and Disease

Cancer Biology

Cancer Epidemiology

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Alterations in Cognitive Systems,Cerebral Hemodynamics,and Motor Function

Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction

Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Alterations of the Female Reproductive System

Alterations of the Male Reproductive System

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Erythrocyte Function

Alterations of Leukocyte, Lymphoid, and Hemostatic Function

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adults

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children

Filters

In a full-term infant,the normal erythrocyte life span is _ days,whereas the adult erythrocyte life span is _ days.