Exam 7: Learning and Adaptation: the Role of Experience

A child notices and watches an adult who is able to do something that she can't yet do. This child's behaviour best illustrates which of the following steps in the modelling process?

The schedule of reinforcement that is the most resistant to extinction is the

The most important ingredient in extinguishing a classically conditioned behaviour is the repeated presentation of the CS without the CR.

Janice is trying to stop smoking. So her doctor set her up with a device that can detect when she reaches for a cigarette. Whenever she does, she receives a mild electric shock. This treatment is attempting to help Janice by using

Differentiate between the essential characteristics of classical conditioning and operant conditioning. Be sure to mention elicited and emitted behaviours in your answer. Using an example of a snow phobia triggered by being buried briefly in the snow as a child, explain how both learning theories can be combined to explain the initial development and maintenance of avoidance behaviours.

Habituation is another term for sensory adaptation.

Let's say that you are working for a drug company and you are trying to development a new treatment for a problem related to learning. If you could be very precise with the drug and reduce activity in the right amygdala, what would this be a treatment for?

According to operant conditioning, _____________ occurs when a consequence strengthens the behaviour it follows.

The fact that exposure to stimulating environments seems to slow down the declines in cognitive functioning that usually occur in late adulthood best demonstrates how ________.

Usually, learning through classical conditioning occurs more quickly with

The new CEO of apple company decides to increase everyone pay if the employees promise to attend work regularly. This is an example of which type of reinforcement?

At the restaurant last night you had mussels for the first time. You really enjoyed them. But later in the evening, you started to become sick and assumed that it was because of the mussels. This can occur even though the association is hours later because of

Historically, how have behaviourists defined learning?

Which of the following concepts is most similar to higher-order conditioning?

If you want to train a dog to perform really complex behaviours such as those seen in movies, it might be a good idea to use a procedure called

The process in which a neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus after being paired with an already established conditioned stimulus is called

Jon is really attracted to Henry. The way he looks just automatically makes him feel good. Jon may call this lover, but in terms of classical conditioned, the fact that he "feels good" could be seen as

The decreasing response to a repeated stimulus is defined as _____________.

Susanne developed a fear of cars after being in a crash. Using the principles of classical conditioning, the crash would be considered the __________. The fact that Susanne was fearful of all cars and not just the type that was in the crash demonstrates ____________.

James did very well on his last midterm, so his parents bought him a new laptop. His parents are using a form of