Question 1

The isotopes   are all stable, while   is radioactive. The mode of decay for   is most likely to be

Accepted Answer

A) positron decay. 
B) alpha decay. 
C) beta decay. 
D) gamma decay. 
E) fission. 
A) positron decay. 
B) alpha decay. 
C) beta decay. 
D) gamma decay. 
E) fission.

Question 2

Detection of radiation by a Geiger-Müller counter depends on

Accepted Answer

A) the emission of a photon from an excited atom. 
B) the ability of an ionized gas to carry an electrical current. 
C) the emission of a photon of light by the radioactive particle. 
D) the ability of a photomultiplier tube to amplify the electrical signal from a phosphor. 
E) the detection of the sound made by decay particles. 
A) the emission of a photon from an excited atom. 
B) the ability of an ionized gas to carry an electrical current. 
C) the emission of a photon of light by the radioactive particle. 
D) the ability of a photomultiplier tube to amplify the electrical signal from a phosphor. 
E) the detection of the sound made by decay particles.

Question 3

After 4 half-lives, the fraction of a radioactive isotope which still remains is approximately one-eighth.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The isotopes of promethium,   and   are unstable, and lie on opposite sides of the "line of stability". Which of the following combinations is most likely to represent the type of decay for these isotopes?

Accepted Answer

A) Promethium-144, β decay; Promethium-134, positron decay 
B) Promethium-144, positron decay; Promethium-134, β decay 
C) Promethium-144, positron decay; Promethium-134, electron capture 
D) Promethium-144, electron capture; Promethium-134, positron decay 
E) Promethium-144, β decay; Promethium-134, γ decay 
A) Promethium-144, β decay; Promethium-134, positron decay 
B) Promethium-144, positron decay; Promethium-134, β decay 
C) Promethium-144, positron decay; Promethium-134, electron capture 
D) Promethium-144, electron capture; Promethium-134, positron decay 
E) Promethium-144, β decay; Promethium-134, γ decay

Question 5

An isotope with a high value of N/Z will tend to decay through

Accepted Answer

A) α decay. 
B) β decay. 
C) positron decay. 
D) electron capture. 
E) γ decay. 
A) α decay. 
B) β decay. 
C) positron decay. 
D) electron capture. 
E) γ decay.

Question 6

The r-process occurs during supernova explosions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

In the equation above, what particle or type of radiation needs to be included on the right-hand side in order to balance it?

Accepted Answer

A) Alpha 
B) Beta 
C) Gamma 
D) Positron 
E) Proton 
A) Alpha 
B) Beta 
C) Gamma 
D) Positron 
E) Proton

Question 8

Select the nuclide that completes the following nuclear reaction.

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)

Question 9

Sodium-21 will emit positrons each having an energy of 4.0 × 10-13 J. What is this energy in MeV?

Accepted Answer

A) 4.0 × 10 -7 MeV 
B) 2.5 MeV 
C) 40 MeV 
D) 2.5 × 10 6 MeV 
E) None of these choices are correct. 
A) 4.0 × 10 -7 MeV 
B) 2.5 MeV 
C) 40 MeV 
D) 2.5 × 10 6 MeV 
E) None of these choices are correct.

Question 10

Who discovered radioactivity?

Accepted Answer

A) Geiger 
B) Curie 
C) Roentgen 
D) Becquerel 
E) Rutherford 
A) Geiger 
B) Curie 
C) Roentgen 
D) Becquerel 
E) Rutherford

Question 11

Most foodstuffs contain natural, radioactive isotopes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Which of the following isotopes is definitely unstable?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)

Question 13

Identify the missing species in the following nuclear transmutation.

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E) None of these choices are correct. 
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E) None of these choices are correct.

Question 14

Which one of the following is a subatomic particle closely related to the positron?

Accepted Answer

A) Proton 
B) Electron 
C) Negatron 
D) Neutron 
E) Neutrino 
A) Proton 
B) Electron 
C) Negatron 
D) Neutron 
E) Neutrino

Question 15

A N-14 nucleus is hit by a particle, forming a C-14 nucleus and a proton as the only products. Identify the type of particle which struck the N-14 nucleus.

Accepted Answer

A) Alpha 
B) Proton 
C) Electron 
D) Neutron 
E) Deuterium 
A) Alpha 
B) Proton 
C) Electron 
D) Neutron 
E) Deuterium

Question 16

No alpha decay is observed for isotopes of elements with Z < 83.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Which of the following types of radioactive decay does not produce new element?

Accepted Answer

A) Gamma emission 
B) Electron capture 
C) Beta emission 
D) Alpha emission 
E) Double beta emission 
A) Gamma emission 
B) Electron capture 
C) Beta emission 
D) Alpha emission 
E) Double beta emission

Question 18

Identify the missing species in the following nuclear transmutation.

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)

Question 19

Identify the missing species in the following nuclear transmutation.

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)

Question 20

Select the nuclide that completes the following nuclear reaction.

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)

Exam 24: Nuclear Reactions and Their Applications

The isotopes are all stable, while is radioactive. The mode of decay for is most likely to be

Detection of radiation by a Geiger-Müller counter depends on

After 4 half-lives, the fraction of a radioactive isotope which still remains is approximately one-eighth.

The isotopes of promethium, and are unstable, and lie on opposite sides of the "line of stability". Which of the following combinations is most likely to represent the type of decay for these isotopes?

An isotope with a high value of N/Z will tend to decay through

The r-process occurs during supernova explosions.

In the equation above, what particle or type of radiation needs to be included on the right-hand side in order to balance it?

Select the nuclide that completes the following nuclear reaction.

Sodium-21 will emit positrons each having an energy of 4.0 × 10-13 J. What is this energy in MeV?

Who discovered radioactivity?

Most foodstuffs contain natural, radioactive isotopes.

Which of the following isotopes is definitely unstable?

Identify the missing species in the following nuclear transmutation.

Which one of the following is a subatomic particle closely related to the positron?

A N-14 nucleus is hit by a particle, forming a C-14 nucleus and a proton as the only products. Identify the type of particle which struck the N-14 nucleus.

No alpha decay is observed for isotopes of elements with Z < 83.

Which of the following types of radioactive decay does not produce new element?

Identify the missing species in the following nuclear transmutation.

Identify the missing species in the following nuclear transmutation.

Select the nuclide that completes the following nuclear reaction.

Keys to the Study of Chemistry: Definitions, Units, and Problem Solving

The Components of Matter

Stoichiometry of Formulas and Equations

Three Major Classes of Chemical Reactions

Gases and the Kinetic-Molecular Theory

Thermochemistry: Energy Flow and Chemical Change

Quantum Theory and Atomic Structure

Electron Configuration and Chemical Periodicity

Models of Chemical Bonding

The Shapes of Molecules

Theories of Covalent Bonding

Intermolecular Forces: Liquids, Solids, and Phase Changes

The Properties of Mixtures: Solutions and Colloids

Periodic Patterns in the Main-Group Elements

Organic Compounds and the Atomic Properties of Carbon

Kinetics: Rates and Mechanisms of Chemical Reactions

Equilibrium: the Extent of Chemical Reactions

Acid-Base Equilibria

Ionic Equilibria in Aqueous Systems

Thermodynamics: Entropy, Free Energy, and Reaction Direction

Electrochemistry: Chemical Change and Electrical Work

The Elements in Nature and Industry

Transition Elements and Their Coordination Compounds

Filters

Sodium-21 will emit positrons each having an energy of 4.0 × 10^-¹³ J. What is this energy in MeV?