Question 1

Cesium-134 is a β emitter with a half-life of 2.0 years. How much of a 2.50-g sample of cesium-134 will remain after 10 years?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.0024 g 
B) 0.078 g 
C) 0.25 g 
D) 0.50 g 
E) None of these choices are correct. 
A) 0.0024 g 
B) 0.078 g 
C) 0.25 g 
D) 0.50 g 
E) None of these choices are correct.

Question 2

Palladium-107 undergoes β decay (t1/2 = 6.5 × 105 yr) to form silver-107. How long will it take for 0.150 mol of silver-107 to form from 1.25 mol of palladium-107?

Accepted Answer

A) 2.0 × 10 7 y 
B) 1.4 × 10 7 y 
C) 1.2 × 10 6 y 
D) 8.3 × 10 5 y 
E) 1.2 × 10 5 y 
A) 2.0 × 10 7 y 
B) 1.4 × 10 7 y 
C) 1.2 × 10 6 y 
D) 8.3 × 10 5 y 
E) 1.2 × 10 5 y

Question 3

An isotope with Z > 83, which lies close to the band of stability, will generally decay through

Accepted Answer

A) α decay. 
B) β decay. 
C) γ decay. 
D) positron decay. 
E) electron capture. 
A) α decay. 
B) β decay. 
C) γ decay. 
D) positron decay. 
E) electron capture.

Question 4

It is believed that two carbon-12 nuclei can react in the core of a supergiant star to form sodium-23 and hydrogen-1. Calculate the energy released from this reaction for each mole of hydrogen formed. The masses of carbon-12, sodium-23, and hydrogen-1 are 12.0000 amu, 22.989767 amu, and 1.007825, respectively.

Accepted Answer

A) 2.16 × 10 14 kJ 
B) 2.16 × 10 11 kJ 
C) 2.16 × 10 8 kJ 
D) 2.16 × 10 5 kJ 
E) None of these choices are correct. 
A) 2.16 × 10 14 kJ 
B) 2.16 × 10 11 kJ 
C) 2.16 × 10 8 kJ 
D) 2.16 × 10 5 kJ 
E) None of these choices are correct.

Question 5

Which one of the following is an incorrect representation of the indicated particle or nucleus?

Accepted Answer

A) Positron:   
B) Neutron:   
C) Helium-3:   
D) Alpha particle:   
E) Proton:   
A) Positron:   
B) Neutron:   
C) Helium-3:   
D) Alpha particle:   
E) Proton:

Question 6

Select the nuclide that completes the following nuclear reaction.

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)

Question 7

What is the specific activity (in Ci/g) of an isotope if 3.56 mg emits 4.26 × 108 β particles per second?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.003232 Ci/g 
B) 0.0115 Ci/g 
C) 0.309 Ci/g 
D) 3.23 Ci/g 
E) None of these choices are correct. 
A) 0.003232 Ci/g 
B) 0.0115 Ci/g 
C) 0.309 Ci/g 
D) 3.23 Ci/g 
E) None of these choices are correct.

Question 8

Select the nuclide that completes the following nuclear reaction.

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E) None of these choices are correct. 
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E) None of these choices are correct.

Question 9

Select the nuclide that completes the following nuclear reaction.

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E) None of these choices are correct. 
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E) None of these choices are correct.

Question 10

Assuming that no other particles are produced, which of the following particles could be used to bombard nitrogen-14 in order to make fluorine-18?

Accepted Answer

A) Alpha particle 
B) Beta particle 
C) Neutron 
D) Proton 
E) Positron 
A) Alpha particle 
B) Beta particle 
C) Neutron 
D) Proton 
E) Positron

Question 11

Identify the missing species in the following nuclear transmutation.

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)

Question 12

Which of the following isotopes is most likely to be unstable?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)

Question 13

The nuclide Pb-210 undergoes three successive decays (beta, alpha, and beta, respectively) to form a stable nuclide. What are the three nuclides that form from Pb-210 in this decay series?

Accepted Answer

A) Tl-210, Au-206, Pt-206 
B) Bi-210, Tl-206, Pb-206 
C) Pb-209, Hg-205, Hg-204 
D) Bi-210, Pb-206, Bi-206 
E) None of these choices are correct. 
A) Tl-210, Au-206, Pt-206 
B) Bi-210, Tl-206, Pb-206 
C) Pb-209, Hg-205, Hg-204 
D) Bi-210, Pb-206, Bi-206 
E) None of these choices are correct.

Question 14

Positron decay and electron capture have the same net effect on the Z and N values of a nucleus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

A 55-kg person exposed to thorium-234 receives 7.5 × 104 β particles, each with an energy of 1.6 × 10-14 J. How many rads does the person receive?

Accepted Answer

A) 2.1 × 10 -19 
B) 1.2 × 10 -17 
C) 2.2 × 10 -9 
D) 1.2 × 10 -9 
E) None of these choices are correct. 
A) 2.1 × 10 -19 
B) 1.2 × 10 -17 
C) 2.2 × 10 -9 
D) 1.2 × 10 -9 
E) None of these choices are correct.

Question 16

Which one of the following elements is formed largely in supernova explosions?

Accepted Answer

A) H 
B) He 
C) Mg 
D) Fe 
E) U 
A) H 
B) He 
C) Mg 
D) Fe 
E) U

Question 17

Which one of the following descriptions relating to nuclear reactions is correct?

Accepted Answer

A) The ratio of neutrons to protons remains constant. 
B) The number of protons plus neutrons remains constant. 
C) The number of electron remains constant. 
D) The total charge changes. 
E) The total number of nucleons changes. 
A) The ratio of neutrons to protons remains constant. 
B) The number of protons plus neutrons remains constant. 
C) The number of electron remains constant. 
D) The total charge changes. 
E) The total number of nucleons changes.

Question 18

A certain isotope has a specific activity of 7.29 × 10-4 Ci/g. How many α particles will a 75.0 mg sample emit in one hour?

Accepted Answer

A) 9.99 × 10 4 
B) 2.02 × 10 6 
C) 7.28 × 10 9 
D) 1.29 × 10 12 
E) None of these choices are correct. 
A) 9.99 × 10 4 
B) 2.02 × 10 6 
C) 7.28 × 10 9 
D) 1.29 × 10 12 
E) None of these choices are correct.

Question 19

Select the nuclide that completes the following nuclear reaction.

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)

Question 20

Which one of the following equations correctly represents electron capture by the   nucleus?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)

Exam 24: Nuclear Reactions and Their Applications

Cesium-134 is a β emitter with a half-life of 2.0 years. How much of a 2.50-g sample of cesium-134 will remain after 10 years?

Palladium-107 undergoes β decay (t1/2 = 6.5 × 105 yr) to form silver-107. How long will it take for 0.150 mol of silver-107 to form from 1.25 mol of palladium-107?

An isotope with Z > 83, which lies close to the band of stability, will generally decay through

Which one of the following is an incorrect representation of the indicated particle or nucleus?

Select the nuclide that completes the following nuclear reaction.

What is the specific activity (in Ci/g) of an isotope if 3.56 mg emits 4.26 × 108 β particles per second?

Select the nuclide that completes the following nuclear reaction.

Select the nuclide that completes the following nuclear reaction.

Assuming that no other particles are produced, which of the following particles could be used to bombard nitrogen-14 in order to make fluorine-18?

Identify the missing species in the following nuclear transmutation.

Which of the following isotopes is most likely to be unstable?

The nuclide Pb-210 undergoes three successive decays (beta, alpha, and beta, respectively) to form a stable nuclide. What are the three nuclides that form from Pb-210 in this decay series?

Positron decay and electron capture have the same net effect on the Z and N values of a nucleus.

A 55-kg person exposed to thorium-234 receives 7.5 × 104 β particles, each with an energy of 1.6 × 10-14 J. How many rads does the person receive?

Which one of the following elements is formed largely in supernova explosions?

Which one of the following descriptions relating to nuclear reactions is correct?

A certain isotope has a specific activity of 7.29 × 10-4 Ci/g. How many α particles will a 75.0 mg sample emit in one hour?

Select the nuclide that completes the following nuclear reaction.

Which one of the following equations correctly represents electron capture by the nucleus?

Keys to the Study of Chemistry: Definitions, Units, and Problem Solving

The Components of Matter

Stoichiometry of Formulas and Equations

Three Major Classes of Chemical Reactions

Gases and the Kinetic-Molecular Theory

Thermochemistry: Energy Flow and Chemical Change

Quantum Theory and Atomic Structure

Electron Configuration and Chemical Periodicity

Models of Chemical Bonding

The Shapes of Molecules

Theories of Covalent Bonding

Intermolecular Forces: Liquids, Solids, and Phase Changes

The Properties of Mixtures: Solutions and Colloids

Periodic Patterns in the Main-Group Elements

Organic Compounds and the Atomic Properties of Carbon

Kinetics: Rates and Mechanisms of Chemical Reactions

Equilibrium: the Extent of Chemical Reactions

Acid-Base Equilibria

Ionic Equilibria in Aqueous Systems

Thermodynamics: Entropy, Free Energy, and Reaction Direction

Electrochemistry: Chemical Change and Electrical Work

The Elements in Nature and Industry

Transition Elements and Their Coordination Compounds

Filters

Palladium-107 undergoes β decay (t_1/2 = 6.5 × 10⁵ yr) to form silver-107. How long will it take for 0.150 mol of silver-107 to form from 1.25 mol of palladium-107?

What is the specific activity (in Ci/g) of an isotope if 3.56 mg emits 4.26 × 10⁸ β particles per second?

A 55-kg person exposed to thorium-234 receives 7.5 × 10⁴ β particles, each with an energy of 1.6 × 10^-¹⁴ J. How many rads does the person receive?

A certain isotope has a specific activity of 7.29 × 10^-⁴Ci/g. How many α particles will a 75.0 mg sample emit in one hour?