Exam 4: Carbohydrates

The most abundant saccharides in foods are the hexoses.

Tammy, a type 1 diabetic, has been sick for more than a week. She has had no appetite at all and consequently has not been able to eat much of anything. What is likely causing the lack of appetite?

The most abundant monosaccharides found in food include glucose, _____, and _____.

What are the pros and cons of consuming nonsugar sweeteners?

Why isn’t insulin effective if taken orally?

Your diet soda is sweetened with a compound composed of phenylalanine plus aspartic acid. The sweetener is:

Galactose is typically found in its free state in foods such as milk and cheese.

What the similarities and differences among the various types of diabetes?

Little or no insulin is produced by the pancreas in those with type 1 diabetes.

The enzymes involved in the digestion of starches include various _____.

Currently, high-fructose corn syrup accounts for what percentage of the total energy intake in the U.S.?

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, what percentage of the U.S. adult population has diabetes?

When a person’s insulin receptors are unable to respond to the hormone insulin, that person exhibits _______________.

Which ois an FDA-approved health claim for fiber?

Which organ is able to converand fructose into glucose?

Digestion of disaccharides takes place in the liver.

Which of the following is the best defense in preventing long-term complications of diabetes?

Reactive hypoglycemia is low blood glucose that occurs when the pancreas releases excess insulin regardless of food intake.

What percentage of the population with type 2 diabetes are overweight?

$\quad$ $\quad$ $\quad$ $\quad$ $\quad$ $\quad$ $\quad$ $\quad$ $\quad$ $\quad$$\text { Table } 2$ Food Serving Size Added Sugar (g) Milkshake 10 36 Sweetened breakfast cereal 1 12 Cookies 3(33) 24 -Mike requires about 2600 kcal a day. He typically consumes a 20-oz. milkshake, 3 cookies, and 2 cups of sweetened breakfast cereal each day. Using Table 2, which of the following would he have to give up in his diet to meet the Institute of Medicine’s recommendations for amount of added sugars per day?