Exam 12: The Major Minerals and Water

Sports drinks are, in general, superior alternatives to water for most people.

How is regulation of blood phosphorus levels similar to that of calcium?

Some studies suggest that consuming phytoestrogens may help maintain bone health after menopause. What is the primary food source of phytoestrogens?

Calcium homeostasis is regulated by:

What are the primary vitamins required for bone building and remodeling?

Diuretics are used to increase blood pressure by helping the body eliminate water.

What gland responds to a lack of water in the body by releasing a hormone?

Chronic alcoholism is associated with _____ risk of osteoporosis.

Is drinking bottled water better than drinking tap water?

How do electrolytes move into and out of cells?

Which of the major minerals function primarily in maintenance of fluid balance?

To screen for osteoporosis, What do clinicians measure?

Why buy sports drinks?

Jim has been training for a marathon and is up to 16 miles on his longest run. He just finished running, it is 82°F outside, and he is sweating profusely. He is feeling a little nauseous and dizzy. You suspect that Jim is experiencing dehydration and loss of:

How much water should you drink every day?

Interstitial fluid is extracellular fluid that is between cells and in the blood and lymph.

Antidiuretic hormone decreases water excretion by the kidneys and causes blood vessels to constrict.

If you removed the layers of bone working toward the center from the outside, in what order would the layers be?

What vitamin is required for calcium absorption in the small intestine?

Use the following case study to answer questions These questions require comprehension of various sections of the chapter to answer, but are placed together here to keep them together with the Case Study: Yun Jung is a 56-year-old postmenopausal fashion designer from Korea. She is visiting the U.S. for the first time and is having a bit of a challenge adjusting to the food available. She admits she is not very active but does try to eat healthy. She has always been thin and is currently 5’ tall and weighs 95 lbs. Her diet typically consists mostly of rice, lots of vegetables (except she doesn’t like spinach or greens), soy, a little fish, and lots of tea. She is not lactose intolerant. On a sight-seeing trip, she twisted her left ankle and fell. She was taken to the emergency room and was shocked to find that she had fractured her left fibula. The x-ray confirmed type 1 osteoporosis. -Based on Yun Jung’s usual intake, which vitamin would also be expected to be inadequate and important to increase in the diet along with calcium?