Question 1

Sediments whose particles are mechanically broken from pre- existing rocks and minerals are called___________ .

Accepted Answer

The answer of Sediments whose particles are mechanically broken from...

Question 2

Which of the following would retain the most detailed impressions of fossilized organisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  an ancient, rainforest lateritic soil buried by basalt lava flows 
B)  quartz- rich sand deposited in a shallow beachfront environment 
C)  very fine- grained volcanic ash deposited in an ancient lake 
D)  gravel and sand stream deposits laid down during flash floods 
A)  an ancient, rainforest lateritic soil buried by basalt lava flows 
B)  quartz- rich sand deposited in a shallow beachfront environment 
C)  very fine- grained volcanic ash deposited in an ancient lake 
D)  gravel and sand stream deposits laid down during flash floods

Question 3

How are cements formed in sedimentary rocks?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are always present in the original sediment, but they take a while to react. 
B)  Most are introduced as dissolved substances in pore waters. 
C)  They are injected as a slurry as dense fluids are forced through the sediments. 
D)  From decomposition of buried organic matter. 
A)  They are always present in the original sediment, but they take a while to react. 
B)  Most are introduced as dissolved substances in pore waters. 
C)  They are injected as a slurry as dense fluids are forced through the sediments. 
D)  From decomposition of buried organic matter.

Question 4

Which common mineral of igneous rocks is the most abundant mineral in detrital sedimentary rocks?

Accepted Answer

A)  calcite 
B)  quartz 
C)  orthoclase 
D)  biotite 
A)  calcite 
B)  quartz 
C)  orthoclase 
D)  biotite

Question 5

Flint, chert, and jasper are microcrystalline forms of which mineral?

Accepted Answer

A)  halite; NaCl 
B)  calcite; CaCO3 
C)  quartz; SiO2 
D)  hematite; Fe2O3 
A)  halite; NaCl 
B)  calcite; CaCO3 
C)  quartz; SiO2 
D)  hematite; Fe2O3

Question 6

Zircon and tourmaline are dense, highly insoluble, physically tough, chemically stable, minor minerals of igneous and metamorphic rocks. In which sedimentary rock might you expect to find these minerals concentrated?

Accepted Answer

A)  a thin, upper, mudstone portion of a thick wacke bed with graded bedding 
B)  evaporite deposits of gypsum and salt 
C)  limestone representing lithified coral- reef carbonates 
D)  sandstone lithified from quartz- rich beach sand 
A)  a thin, upper, mudstone portion of a thick wacke bed with graded bedding 
B)  evaporite deposits of gypsum and salt 
C)  limestone representing lithified coral- reef carbonates 
D)  sandstone lithified from quartz- rich beach sand

Question 7

Sedimentary rocks account for about what percentage of the Earth's outermost 10 kilometres of rock (first percentage). Also, what percentage of the Earth's continental area is covered by sedimentary rocks (second percentage)?

Accepted Answer

A)  85%; 100% 
B)  5%; 75% 
C)  65%; 10% 
D)  3.5%; 100% 
A)  85%; 100% 
B)  5%; 75% 
C)  65%; 10% 
D)  3.5%; 100%

Question 8

Which of the following rocks is lithified from sediment that was deposited in deep water and was essentially unmodified by post- depositional current action?

Accepted Answer

A)  well- sorted, quartz sandstone 
B)  cross- bedded dune sandstone 
C)  reddish mudstone with mud cracks 
D)  wacke with graded bedding 
A)  well- sorted, quartz sandstone 
B)  cross- bedded dune sandstone 
C)  reddish mudstone with mud cracks 
D)  wacke with graded bedding

Question 9

How does most calcium- magnesium carbonate rock form?

Accepted Answer

A)  by direct precipitation from seawater but dolomite selectively dissolves so most carbonate sedimentary rocks are limestone 
B)  by diagenetic replacement of Ca by Mg in limestone 
C)  in salt lakes and evaporite basins of continental interiors 
D)  from volcanic hot springs in the deep sea 
A)  by direct precipitation from seawater but dolomite selectively dissolves so most carbonate sedimentary rocks are limestone 
B)  by diagenetic replacement of Ca by Mg in limestone 
C)  in salt lakes and evaporite basins of continental interiors 
D)  from volcanic hot springs in the deep sea

Question 10

Where would you expect the thickest deposits of biogenic ooze to occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  on the deep ocean floor 
B)  in tropical rainforests 
C)  limestone reefs and banks 
D)  sandy beaches 
A)  on the deep ocean floor 
B)  in tropical rainforests 
C)  limestone reefs and banks 
D)  sandy beaches

Sediments whose particles are mechanically broken from pre- existing rocks and minerals are called___________ .

Which of the following would retain the most detailed impressions of fossilized organisms?

How are cements formed in sedimentary rocks?

Which common mineral of igneous rocks is the most abundant mineral in detrital sedimentary rocks?

Flint, chert, and jasper are microcrystalline forms of which mineral?

Zircon and tourmaline are dense, highly insoluble, physically tough, chemically stable, minor minerals of igneous and metamorphic rocks. In which sedimentary rock might you expect to find these minerals concentrated?

Sedimentary rocks account for about what percentage of the Earth's outermost 10 kilometres of rock (first percentage). Also, what percentage of the Earth's continental area is covered by sedimentary rocks (second percentage)?

Which of the following rocks is lithified from sediment that was deposited in deep water and was essentially unmodified by post- depositional current action?

How does most calcium- magnesium carbonate rock form?

Where would you expect the thickest deposits of biogenic ooze to occur?

An Introduction to Geology and Plate Tectonics

Minerals: the Building Blocks of Rocks

Igneous Rocks

Volcanoes and Volcanic Processes

Weathering and Soil

Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphism and Metamorphic Rocks

Geologic Time

Crustal Deformation

Earthquakes and Earths Interior

The Ocean Floor

Plate Tectonics: the Framework for Modern Geology

Mountain Building and Continental Frameworks

Mass Wasting: the Work of Gravity

Running Water

Groundwater

Deserts and Winds

Shorelines

Mineral and Energy Resources

Filters

Exam 17: Glaciers and Glaciation

Sediments whose particles are mechanically broken from pre- existing rocks and minerals are called___________ .

Which of the following would retain the most detailed impressions of fossilized organisms?

How are cements formed in sedimentary rocks?

Which common mineral of igneous rocks is the most abundant mineral in detrital sedimentary rocks?

Flint, chert, and jasper are microcrystalline forms of which mineral?

Zircon and tourmaline are dense, highly insoluble, physically tough, chemically stable, minor minerals of igneous and metamorphic rocks. In which sedimentary rock might you expect to find these minerals concentrated?

Sedimentary rocks account for about what percentage of the Earth's outermost 10 kilometres of rock (first percentage). Also, what percentage of the Earth's continental area is covered by sedimentary rocks (second percentage)?

Which of the following rocks is lithified from sediment that was deposited in deep water and was essentially unmodified by post- depositional current action?

How does most calcium- magnesium carbonate rock form?

Where would you expect the thickest deposits of biogenic ooze to occur?

An Introduction to Geology and Plate Tectonics

Minerals: the Building Blocks of Rocks

Igneous Rocks

Volcanoes and Volcanic Processes

Weathering and Soil

Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphism and Metamorphic Rocks

Geologic Time

Crustal Deformation

Earthquakes and Earths Interior

The Ocean Floor

Plate Tectonics: the Framework for Modern Geology

Mountain Building and Continental Frameworks

Mass Wasting: the Work of Gravity

Running Water

Groundwater

Deserts and Winds

Shorelines

Mineral and Energy Resources

Filters