Question 1

What economic value do shales have, such as the Queenston Formation below the Niagara escarpment?

Accepted Answer

A)  raw materials for brick making, pottery or tiles 
B)  high oil contents 
C)  fine grained detrital gold 
D)  cut dimension stone for buildings 
A)  raw materials for brick making, pottery or tiles 
B)  high oil contents 
C)  fine grained detrital gold 
D)  cut dimension stone for buildings

Question 2

Which of the following is not a limestone?

Accepted Answer

A)  chalk 
B)  coquina 
C)  travertine 
D)  arkose 
A)  chalk 
B)  coquina 
C)  travertine 
D)  arkose

Question 3

Which of the following organisms would have used pebble- to cobble- sized gastroliths?

Accepted Answer

A)  Devonian sharks 
B)  Jurassic or Cretaceous dinosaurs 
C)  Cambrian trilobites 
D)  Eocene mammals 
A)  Devonian sharks 
B)  Jurassic or Cretaceous dinosaurs 
C)  Cambrian trilobites 
D)  Eocene mammals

Question 4

Which sediment gets lithified to become sandstone?

Accepted Answer

A)  gravel 
B)  sand 
C)  clay and fine silt 
D)  all clay sized sediment 
A)  gravel 
B)  sand 
C)  clay and fine silt 
D)  all clay sized sediment

Question 5

What does a sand that contains significant amounts of sand- sized rock fragments, blocky feldspar, and angular prismatic grains of ferromagnesian minerals suggest?

Accepted Answer

A)  that it has travelled a great distance in a uniform flow or has had more than one cycle of weathering, transport, and deposition. 
B)  that it has travelled a short distance and was likely deposited very close to the source of the particles 
C)  that it had a very low velocity of transport and likely a shallow stream gradient 
D)  that it was derived from uplifted and eroded older sedimentary rocks 
A)  that it has travelled a great distance in a uniform flow or has had more than one cycle of weathering, transport, and deposition. 
B)  that it has travelled a short distance and was likely deposited very close to the source of the particles 
C)  that it had a very low velocity of transport and likely a shallow stream gradient 
D)  that it was derived from uplifted and eroded older sedimentary rocks

Question 6

The largest Canadian deposits and mining operations for bituminous coal occur in ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  Iqaluit 
B)  offshore from Newfoundland 
C)  Ontario 
D)  Alberta, British Columbia, and Nova Scotia 
A)  Iqaluit 
B)  offshore from Newfoundland 
C)  Ontario 
D)  Alberta, British Columbia, and Nova Scotia

Question 7

The correct order for increasing carbon content and coal rank is________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  bituminous, lignite, anthracite, peat 
B)  peat, lignite, bituminous, anthracite 
C)  anthracite, lignite, peat, bituminous 
D)  lignite, peat, bituminous, anthracite 
A)  bituminous, lignite, anthracite, peat 
B)  peat, lignite, bituminous, anthracite 
C)  anthracite, lignite, peat, bituminous 
D)  lignite, peat, bituminous, anthracite

Question 8

Which type of sandstone contains abundant feldspar, suggesting that the sand was derived by weathering and erosion of granitic bedrock?

Accepted Answer

A)  arkose 
B)  lignitic 
C)  oolitic 
D)  quartz- rich 
A)  arkose 
B)  lignitic 
C)  oolitic 
D)  quartz- rich

Question 9

The process of turning a sediment into a sedimentary rock is called __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  crystallization 
B)  lithification 
C)  redeposition 
D)  conglomeration 
A)  crystallization 
B)  lithification 
C)  redeposition 
D)  conglomeration

Question 10

The aspect, thickness, and appearance of a rock unit, and reflecting its environmental conditions of origin, is collectively referred to as its__________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  stratal index 
B)  agglomerate properties 
C)  facies 
D)  lithology 
A)  stratal index 
B)  agglomerate properties 
C)  facies 
D)  lithology

Question 11

Which one of the following is commonly preserved in the fossil record as moulds?

Accepted Answer

A)  mammal teeth 
B)  brachiopods 
C)  dinosaur bones 
D)  leaves 
A)  mammal teeth 
B)  brachiopods 
C)  dinosaur bones 
D)  leaves

Question 12

Other than detrital, what other origin can sediments have?

Accepted Answer

A)  accumulation from inorganic precipitation or organic deposition 
B)  They were put there by the Devil to confuse us. 
C)  accumulation of debris from meteorite showers 
D)  erosion and transport 
A)  accumulation from inorganic precipitation or organic deposition 
B)  They were put there by the Devil to confuse us. 
C)  accumulation of debris from meteorite showers 
D)  erosion and transport

Question 13

How is a fossil cast or mould formed?

Accepted Answer

A)  Silica fills in all open spaces in the original organic structure. 
B)  Soft mud surrounds a broken dinosaur bone and hardens to a mudstone cast. 
C)  An impression of the organism is formed by a thin film of carbon. 
D)  A mineral such as quartz , calcite, pyrite, or apatite is precipitated in the space left by dissolution of an original shell or other hard part. 
A)  Silica fills in all open spaces in the original organic structure. 
B)  Soft mud surrounds a broken dinosaur bone and hardens to a mudstone cast. 
C)  An impression of the organism is formed by a thin film of carbon. 
D)  A mineral such as quartz , calcite, pyrite, or apatite is precipitated in the space left by dissolution of an original shell or other hard part.

Question 14

What do dense crystalline rocks and shales have in common?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are both too stupid to pass a geology test! 
B)  They both have low porosity and will be impermeable to oil or water. 
C)  They are usually made out of sediment sized rock fragments. 
D)  The are both deposited in fresh water rivers and lakes. 
A)  They are both too stupid to pass a geology test! 
B)  They both have low porosity and will be impermeable to oil or water. 
C)  They are usually made out of sediment sized rock fragments. 
D)  The are both deposited in fresh water rivers and lakes.

Question 15

What is a wacke?

Accepted Answer

A)  a sandstone with immature lithic sand grains embedded in a clay- rich matrix 
B)  a dark, organic- rich, chemical sedimentary rock containing small crystals of halite 
C)  a limestone with abundant, sand- sized, quartz grains 
D)  a dark- grey, calcite- rich mudstone or shale containing pyrite 
A)  a sandstone with immature lithic sand grains embedded in a clay- rich matrix 
B)  a dark, organic- rich, chemical sedimentary rock containing small crystals of halite 
C)  a limestone with abundant, sand- sized, quartz grains 
D)  a dark- grey, calcite- rich mudstone or shale containing pyrite

Question 16

Laterally shifting depositional environments with time always produce_________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  major earthquakes 
B)  unloading as more sediments accumulate 
C)  evaporites 
D)  vertical facies successions 
A)  major earthquakes 
B)  unloading as more sediments accumulate 
C)  evaporites 
D)  vertical facies successions

Question 17

Which of the following best describes bedded gypsum and halite?

Accepted Answer

A)  varieties of dolostone 
B)  evaporites; chemical sedimentary rocks 
C)  detrital sedimentary rocks 
D)  varieties of coal and peat 
A)  varieties of dolostone 
B)  evaporites; chemical sedimentary rocks 
C)  detrital sedimentary rocks 
D)  varieties of coal and peat

Question 18

What do you call a porous rock made entirely of coarse shell fragments?

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphate rock 
B)  "ball park breccia" 
C)  coquina 
D)  chert 
A)  phosphate rock 
B)  "ball park breccia" 
C)  coquina 
D)  chert

Question 19

What term describes the complex, original stratification pattern of alternating and non- horizontal dips seen in sandstones deposited as ancient sand dunes?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What term describes the complex, original stratification...

Question 20

The dominant sediment of tidal flats would likely be________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  cobbles and other very coarse grained sediments 
B)  muds and silts with some organic content 
C)  sands and broken shell fragments 
D)  turbidites with graded bedding 
A)  cobbles and other very coarse grained sediments 
B)  muds and silts with some organic content 
C)  sands and broken shell fragments 
D)  turbidites with graded bedding

What economic value do shales have, such as the Queenston Formation below the Niagara escarpment?

Which of the following is not a limestone?

Which of the following organisms would have used pebble- to cobble- sized gastroliths?

Which sediment gets lithified to become sandstone?

What does a sand that contains significant amounts of sand- sized rock fragments, blocky feldspar, and angular prismatic grains of ferromagnesian minerals suggest?

The largest Canadian deposits and mining operations for bituminous coal occur in ______.

The correct order for increasing carbon content and coal rank is________ .

Which type of sandstone contains abundant feldspar, suggesting that the sand was derived by weathering and erosion of granitic bedrock?

The process of turning a sediment into a sedimentary rock is called __________.

The aspect, thickness, and appearance of a rock unit, and reflecting its environmental conditions of origin, is collectively referred to as its__________ .

Which one of the following is commonly preserved in the fossil record as moulds?

Other than detrital, what other origin can sediments have?

How is a fossil cast or mould formed?

What do dense crystalline rocks and shales have in common?

What is a wacke?

Laterally shifting depositional environments with time always produce_________ .

Which of the following best describes bedded gypsum and halite?

What do you call a porous rock made entirely of coarse shell fragments?

What term describes the complex, original stratification pattern of alternating and non- horizontal dips seen in sandstones deposited as ancient sand dunes?

The dominant sediment of tidal flats would likely be________ .

An Introduction to Geology and Plate Tectonics

Minerals: the Building Blocks of Rocks

Igneous Rocks

Volcanoes and Volcanic Processes

Weathering and Soil

Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphism and Metamorphic Rocks

Geologic Time

Crustal Deformation

Earthquakes and Earths Interior

The Ocean Floor

Plate Tectonics: the Framework for Modern Geology

Mountain Building and Continental Frameworks

Mass Wasting: the Work of Gravity

Running Water

Groundwater

Deserts and Winds

Shorelines

Mineral and Energy Resources

Filters

Exam 17: Glaciers and Glaciation

What economic value do shales have, such as the Queenston Formation below the Niagara escarpment?

Which of the following is not a limestone?

Which of the following organisms would have used pebble- to cobble- sized gastroliths?

Which sediment gets lithified to become sandstone?

What does a sand that contains significant amounts of sand- sized rock fragments, blocky feldspar, and angular prismatic grains of ferromagnesian minerals suggest?

The largest Canadian deposits and mining operations for bituminous coal occur in ______.

The correct order for increasing carbon content and coal rank is________ .

Which type of sandstone contains abundant feldspar, suggesting that the sand was derived by weathering and erosion of granitic bedrock?

The process of turning a sediment into a sedimentary rock is called __________.

The aspect, thickness, and appearance of a rock unit, and reflecting its environmental conditions of origin, is collectively referred to as its__________ .

Which one of the following is commonly preserved in the fossil record as moulds?

Other than detrital, what other origin can sediments have?

How is a fossil cast or mould formed?

What do dense crystalline rocks and shales have in common?

What is a wacke?

Laterally shifting depositional environments with time always produce_________ .

Which of the following best describes bedded gypsum and halite?

What do you call a porous rock made entirely of coarse shell fragments?

What term describes the complex, original stratification pattern of alternating and non- horizontal dips seen in sandstones deposited as ancient sand dunes?

The dominant sediment of tidal flats would likely be________ .

An Introduction to Geology and Plate Tectonics

Minerals: the Building Blocks of Rocks

Igneous Rocks

Volcanoes and Volcanic Processes

Weathering and Soil

Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphism and Metamorphic Rocks

Geologic Time

Crustal Deformation

Earthquakes and Earths Interior

The Ocean Floor

Plate Tectonics: the Framework for Modern Geology

Mountain Building and Continental Frameworks

Mass Wasting: the Work of Gravity

Running Water

Groundwater

Deserts and Winds

Shorelines

Mineral and Energy Resources

Filters