Question 1

Which of the following statements is not characteristic of fibers?

Accepted Answer

A) Most fibers consist of linked monosaccharides 
B) An example of a nonstarch polysaccharide fiber is pectin 
C) An example of a nonpolysaccharide fiber is hemicellulose 
D) Most soluble fibers are easily digested by the bacteria in the colon 
A) Most fibers consist of linked monosaccharides 
B) An example of a nonstarch polysaccharide fiber is pectin 
C) An example of a nonpolysaccharide fiber is hemicellulose 
D) Most soluble fibers are easily digested by the bacteria in the colon

Question 2

Which of the following is a characteristic of the sugar replacers (sugar alcohols)?

Accepted Answer

A) They have a low glycemic index 
B) They promote constipation in children 
C) They demonstrate fewer GI side effects than the alternative sweeteners 
D) They are less effective than alternative sweeteners in inhibiting dental caries 
A) They have a low glycemic index 
B) They promote constipation in children 
C) They demonstrate fewer GI side effects than the alternative sweeteners 
D) They are less effective than alternative sweeteners in inhibiting dental caries

Question 3

In a person with type 2 diabetes, which of the following foods would ordinarily promote the least favorable glycemic effect?

Accepted Answer

A) Chocolate 
B) Ice cream 
C) Baked potato 
D) Baked beans 
A) Chocolate 
B) Ice cream 
C) Baked potato 
D) Baked beans

Question 4

Which of the following is a feature of lactose?

Accepted Answer

A) Its digestion begins in the mouth 
B) It is found in various amounts in most animal foods 
C) It is used as filler in one out of five prescription drugs 
D) It causes frequent allergies in certain population groups 
A) Its digestion begins in the mouth 
B) It is found in various amounts in most animal foods 
C) It is used as filler in one out of five prescription drugs 
D) It causes frequent allergies in certain population groups

Question 5

Allen is 20 years old and asks for help in selecting a fiber-rich diet.After he ranks the kinds of foods he likes to eat, you provide him with a list of food items consisting of

Accepted Answer

A) 1 cup of cooked barley and 1 cup of garbanzo beans, 1 kiwi, and 1 slice whole-wheat bread. 
B) 3 slices of whole-wheat bread, 2 cups of black beans, 1 ounce 100% bran cereal, and 1 cup apple juice. 
C) 16 ounces of low-fat cheese, 3 medium apples, 2 cups blackberries, ½ cup spinach, and ½ cup of broccoli. 
D) 1 cup baked beans, 1 medium apple, 1 banana, 1½ cups oatmeal, 1 ounce 100% bran cereal, and ½ cup chopped raw carrots. 
A) 1 cup of cooked barley and 1 cup of garbanzo beans, 1 kiwi, and 1 slice whole-wheat bread. 
B) 3 slices of whole-wheat bread, 2 cups of black beans, 1 ounce 100% bran cereal, and 1 cup apple juice. 
C) 16 ounces of low-fat cheese, 3 medium apples, 2 cups blackberries, ½ cup spinach, and ½ cup of broccoli. 
D) 1 cup baked beans, 1 medium apple, 1 banana, 1½ cups oatmeal, 1 ounce 100% bran cereal, and ½ cup chopped raw carrots.

Question 6

All of the following components are part of the chemical structure of aspartame except

Accepted Answer

A) aspartic acid. 
B) methyl group. 
C) phenylalanine. 
D) methanol group. 
A) aspartic acid. 
B) methyl group. 
C) phenylalanine. 
D) methanol group.

Question 7

Which of the following plays a major role in the breakdown of certain types of dietary fiber in the large intestine?

Accepted Answer

A) Bacteria 
B) Pancreas 
C) Colonic cells 
D) Small intestinal villus cell 
A) Bacteria 
B) Pancreas 
C) Colonic cells 
D) Small intestinal villus cell

Question 8

Which of the following is a typical response in people following a low-carbohydrate diet?

Accepted Answer

A) They often complain of diet-induced diarrhea 
B) They experience frequent bouts of hyperglycemia 
C) Total weight loss after one year is the same as in people on conventional diets 
D) They lose about the same amount of weight as people on conventional diets for the first 6 months 
A) They often complain of diet-induced diarrhea 
B) They experience frequent bouts of hyperglycemia 
C) Total weight loss after one year is the same as in people on conventional diets 
D) They lose about the same amount of weight as people on conventional diets for the first 6 months

Question 9

Which of the following blood glucose concentrations (mg/dL) is most consistent with hypoglycemia?

Accepted Answer

A) 40 
B) 80 
C) 115 
D) 150 
A) 40 
B) 80 
C) 115 
D) 150

Question 10

Enzymatic digestion of starches takes place in the small intestine and also in the

Accepted Answer

A) mouth. 
B) colon. 
C) stomach. 
D) pancreas. 
A) mouth. 
B) colon. 
C) stomach. 
D) pancreas.

Question 11

Your nephew Jimmy, who is 10 years old, has been giving himself a shot in the thigh every day for the past year.He confides in you that he craves candy but was told by his parents that he can only eat sugar-free snacks.From which of the following conditions does Jimmy most likely suffer?

Accepted Answer

A) Hyperactivity 
B) Type 1 diabetes 
C) Type 2 diabetes 
D) Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus 
A) Hyperactivity 
B) Type 1 diabetes 
C) Type 2 diabetes 
D) Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus

Question 12

What is the predominant grain product in much of South and Central America?

Accepted Answer

A) Rice 
B) Corn 
C) Millet 
D) Wheat 
A) Rice 
B) Corn 
C) Millet 
D) Wheat

Question 13

A "functional fiber" is one that

Accepted Answer

A) occurs naturally in the intact plant. 
B) performs a specific function in the plant. 
C) is extracted from plants and has a beneficial health effect. 
D) is a polysaccharide that is stored primarily in muscle and liver of animals. 
A) occurs naturally in the intact plant. 
B) performs a specific function in the plant. 
C) is extracted from plants and has a beneficial health effect. 
D) is a polysaccharide that is stored primarily in muscle and liver of animals.

Question 14

Which of the following is a general feature of the sugar alcohols (sugar replacers)?

Accepted Answer

A) They provide less than 1 kcalorie per gram 
B) They elicit a high glycemic index 
C) They are rapidly absorbed from the intestines 
D) They cannot be metabolized by cariogenic bacteria 
A) They provide less than 1 kcalorie per gram 
B) They elicit a high glycemic index 
C) They are rapidly absorbed from the intestines 
D) They cannot be metabolized by cariogenic bacteria

Question 15

Which of the following is a feature of resistant starch?

Accepted Answer

A) It is common in overripe bananas 
B) Excessive intake promotes constipation 
C) It resists hydrolysis by digestive enzymes 
D) It cannot be fermented by large intestinal bacteria 
A) It is common in overripe bananas 
B) Excessive intake promotes constipation 
C) It resists hydrolysis by digestive enzymes 
D) It cannot be fermented by large intestinal bacteria

Question 16

What percentage of the world's adult population shows good tolerance to lactose ingestion?

Accepted Answer

A) 30 
B) 55 
C) 80 
D) 95 
A) 30 
B) 55 
C) 80 
D) 95

Question 17

What is the first organ to receive carbohydrates absorbed from the intestine?

Accepted Answer

A) Heart 
B) Liver 
C) Pancreas 
D) Skeletal muscle 
A) Heart 
B) Liver 
C) Pancreas 
D) Skeletal muscle

Question 18

What is the name of the short chains of glucose units that result from starch breakdown?

Accepted Answer

A) Sucrose 
B) Lignins 
C) Pectins 
D)  Dextrins 
A) Sucrose 
B) Lignins 
C) Pectins 
D)  Dextrins

Question 19

Which of the following is described as a nonstarch polysaccharide?

Accepted Answer

A) Lactose 
B) Phytates 
C) Glycogen 
D) Cellulose 
A) Lactose 
B) Phytates 
C) Glycogen 
D) Cellulose

Question 20

What is the reaction that links two monosaccharides together?

Accepted Answer

A) Hydrolysis 
B) Absorption 
C) Disaccharide 
D) Condensation 
A) Hydrolysis 
B) Absorption 
C) Disaccharide 
D) Condensation

Exam 4: The Carbohydrates: Sugars, Starches and Fibers

Which of the following statements is not characteristic of fibers?

Which of the following is a characteristic of the sugar replacers (sugar alcohols)?

In a person with type 2 diabetes, which of the following foods would ordinarily promote the least favorable glycemic effect?

Which of the following is a feature of lactose?

Allen is 20 years old and asks for help in selecting a fiber-rich diet.After he ranks the kinds of foods he likes to eat, you provide him with a list of food items consisting of

All of the following components are part of the chemical structure of aspartame except

Which of the following plays a major role in the breakdown of certain types of dietary fiber in the large intestine?

Which of the following is a typical response in people following a low-carbohydrate diet?

Which of the following blood glucose concentrations (mg/dL) is most consistent with hypoglycemia?

Enzymatic digestion of starches takes place in the small intestine and also in the

Your nephew Jimmy, who is 10 years old, has been giving himself a shot in the thigh every day for the past year.He confides in you that he craves candy but was told by his parents that he can only eat sugar-free snacks.From which of the following conditions does Jimmy most likely suffer?

What is the predominant grain product in much of South and Central America?

A "functional fiber" is one that

Which of the following is a general feature of the sugar alcohols (sugar replacers)?

Which of the following is a feature of resistant starch?

What percentage of the world's adult population shows good tolerance to lactose ingestion?

What is the first organ to receive carbohydrates absorbed from the intestine?

What is the name of the short chains of glucose units that result from starch breakdown?

Which of the following is described as a nonstarch polysaccharide?

What is the reaction that links two monosaccharides together?

An Overview of Nutrition

Planning a Healthy Diet

Digestion, Absorption, and Transport

The Lipids: Triglycerides, Phospholipids, and Sterols

Protein: Amino Acids

Metabolism: Transformations and Interactions

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management: Overweight, Obesity, and Underweight

The Water-Soluble Vitamins: B Vitamins and Vitamin C

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins: A, D, E, and K

Water and the Major Minerals

The Trace Minerals

Life Cycle Nutrition: Pregnancy and Lactation

Life Cycle Nutrition: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Life Cycle Nutrition: Adulthood and the Later Years

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention

Medications, Diet-Drug Interactions, and Herbal Products

Enteral Nutrition Support

Parenteral Nutrition Support

Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Liver Disease and Gallstones

Diabetes Mellitus

Cardiovascular Diseases

Kidney Diseases

Cancer and Hiv Infection

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