Question 1

An important aid in any weight-loss diet program is to

Accepted Answer

A) decrease water intake. 
B) increase physical activity. 
C) speed up thyroid activity with metabolic enhancers. 
D) develop ketosis by keeping carbohydrate intake as low as possible. 
A) decrease water intake. 
B) increase physical activity. 
C) speed up thyroid activity with metabolic enhancers. 
D) develop ketosis by keeping carbohydrate intake as low as possible.

Question 2

Which of the following is a feature of ghrelin?

Accepted Answer

A) It is a metabolic antagonist of leptin 
B) It stimulates appetite and energy storage 
C) The blood level in the fasting state correlates directly with body weight 
D) It is released in high amounts from adipocytes during periods of excess energy intake 
A) It is a metabolic antagonist of leptin 
B) It stimulates appetite and energy storage 
C) The blood level in the fasting state correlates directly with body weight 
D) It is released in high amounts from adipocytes during periods of excess energy intake

Question 3

The drug sibutramine reduces appetite by affecting

Accepted Answer

A) ketone production. 
B) insulin to glucagon ratio. 
C) leptin sensitivity of fat cells. 
D) serotonin utilization in the brain. 
A) ketone production. 
B) insulin to glucagon ratio. 
C) leptin sensitivity of fat cells. 
D) serotonin utilization in the brain.

Question 4

Which of the following describes a relationship between leptin and energy balance?

Accepted Answer

A) Fat cell sensitivity to leptin is higher in obese people 
B) A deficiency of leptin is characteristic of all obese people 
C) Blood levels of leptin usually correlate directly with body fat 
D) Major functions of leptin include an increase in hunger and a decrease in metabolic rate 
A) Fat cell sensitivity to leptin is higher in obese people 
B) A deficiency of leptin is characteristic of all obese people 
C) Blood levels of leptin usually correlate directly with body fat 
D) Major functions of leptin include an increase in hunger and a decrease in metabolic rate

Question 5

Tom was overweight when he was 13.During puberty he continued to gain weight steadily until at age 23, when he decided to lose weight.Tom successfully lost 50 pounds.Which of the following most likely happened to Tom's fat cells?

Accepted Answer

A) They shrank in size but did not decrease in number 
B) They melted away when he burned all the excess fat 
C) They decreased in number but did not decrease in size 
D) They changed very little since fat cells shrink only with a weight loss greater than 100 pounds 
A) They shrank in size but did not decrease in number 
B) They melted away when he burned all the excess fat 
C) They decreased in number but did not decrease in size 
D) They changed very little since fat cells shrink only with a weight loss greater than 100 pounds

Question 6

In the quest for achieving desirable body weight, adults have control over all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) diet. 
B) behavior. 
C) physical activity. 
D) adipocyte number. 
A) diet. 
B) behavior. 
C) physical activity. 
D) adipocyte number.

Question 7

To help maximize the long-term success of a person's weight-loss program, which of the following personal attitudes should be encouraged in the individual?

Accepted Answer

A) Strongly believing that weight can be lost 
B) Viewing the body realistically as being fat rather than thin 
C) Refraining from expressing overconfidence in ability to lose weight 
D) Accepting that little or no exercise is a part of the lifestyle of most overweight people 
A) Strongly believing that weight can be lost 
B) Viewing the body realistically as being fat rather than thin 
C) Refraining from expressing overconfidence in ability to lose weight 
D) Accepting that little or no exercise is a part of the lifestyle of most overweight people

Question 8

What serves as the body's chief storage site for lipids?

Accepted Answer

A) Yellow fat 
B) Brown adipose tissue 
C) White adipose tissue 
D) High-density lipoproteins 
A) Yellow fat 
B) Brown adipose tissue 
C) White adipose tissue 
D) High-density lipoproteins

Question 9

Obesity resulting from an increase in the size of fat cells is termed

Accepted Answer

A) hyperplastic obesity. 
B) hypertrophic obesity. 
C) idiopenthic leptinemia. 
D) anaplastic hypometabolism. 
A) hyperplastic obesity. 
B) hypertrophic obesity. 
C) idiopenthic leptinemia. 
D) anaplastic hypometabolism.

Question 10

All of the following are characteristics of the results of weight-loss surgery except

Accepted Answer

A) hunger is suppressed. 
B) deficiencies of vitamins and minerals are common in the long term. 
C) dramatic improvements are seen in blood lipids, diabetes, and blood pressure. 
D) medical supervision in the postsurgery period is required only for the first 6-9 months. 
A) hunger is suppressed. 
B) deficiencies of vitamins and minerals are common in the long term. 
C) dramatic improvements are seen in blood lipids, diabetes, and blood pressure. 
D) medical supervision in the postsurgery period is required only for the first 6-9 months.

Question 11

Which of the following is known to cause a reduction in fat cell number in mice?

Accepted Answer

A) Injection of leptin 
B) Supplements of ghrelin 
C) Long-term resistance exercise 
D) Consumption of high-protein diets 
A) Injection of leptin 
B) Supplements of ghrelin 
C) Long-term resistance exercise 
D) Consumption of high-protein diets

Question 12

As a new assistant in a weight-loss research laboratory, you are given a tour of the mouse laboratory.Why is the leptin-deficient mouse much larger than its leptin-sufficient counterpart?

Accepted Answer

A) Leptin deficiency causes lower levels of ghrelin 
B) Leptin deficiency enhances appetite and decreases energy expenditure 
C) Leptin deficiency causes psychological depression, which leads to increased food intake 
D) Leptin deficiency reduces the desire to do physical activity, resulting in more excess energy available for fat storage 
A) Leptin deficiency causes lower levels of ghrelin 
B) Leptin deficiency enhances appetite and decreases energy expenditure 
C) Leptin deficiency causes psychological depression, which leads to increased food intake 
D) Leptin deficiency reduces the desire to do physical activity, resulting in more excess energy available for fat storage

Question 13

Compared with non-obese people, obese people have a lower

Accepted Answer

A) basal metabolic rate. 
B) thermic effect of food. 
C)  physical activity level. 
D) metabolic response to exercise. 
A) basal metabolic rate. 
B) thermic effect of food. 
C)  physical activity level. 
D) metabolic response to exercise.

Question 14

Because obesity apparently has many causes, even in an individual, the best approach seems to be

Accepted Answer

A) fasting. 
B) medicines. 
C) prevention. 
D) genetic counseling. 
A) fasting. 
B) medicines. 
C) prevention. 
D) genetic counseling.

Question 15

What is the principal reason that the FDA has banned the sale of products containing ephedrine?

Accepted Answer

A) The costs are prohibitive 
B) The products were found to be ineffective for weight loss 
C) The products were implicated in several cases of heart attacks and seizures 
D) The products were found to contain contaminants that were believed to be responsible for inducing liver failure 
A) The costs are prohibitive 
B) The products were found to be ineffective for weight loss 
C) The products were implicated in several cases of heart attacks and seizures 
D) The products were found to contain contaminants that were believed to be responsible for inducing liver failure

Question 16

What is the significance of the uncoupling proteins in adipose tissue?

Accepted Answer

A) Increased loss of body heat 
B) Reduction of fat cell number 
C) Lowering of basal metabolism 
D) Proliferation of fat cell number 
A) Increased loss of body heat 
B) Reduction of fat cell number 
C) Lowering of basal metabolism 
D) Proliferation of fat cell number

Question 17

Television watching contributes to obesity for all of the following reasons except

Accepted Answer

A) it promotes inactivity. 
B) it promotes between-meal snacking. 
C) it replaces time that could be spent eating. 
D) it gives high exposure to energy-dense foods featured in the commercial advertisements. 
A) it promotes inactivity. 
B) it promotes between-meal snacking. 
C) it replaces time that could be spent eating. 
D) it gives high exposure to energy-dense foods featured in the commercial advertisements.

Question 18

What is a safe rate of weight loss on a long-term basis for most overweight people?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.5-2 lbs/week 
B) 3-4 lbs/week 
C) 5% body weight/month 
D) 10% body weight/month 
A) 0.5-2 lbs/week 
B) 3-4 lbs/week 
C) 5% body weight/month 
D) 10% body weight/month

Question 19

Which of the following would not be part of a successful program of weight gain in an underweight individual?

Accepted Answer

A) Eat energy-dense foods 
B) Drink energy-dense beverages 
C) Eat a large number of small meals 
D) Engage in regular physical exercise 
A) Eat energy-dense foods 
B) Drink energy-dense beverages 
C) Eat a large number of small meals 
D) Engage in regular physical exercise

Question 20

Among the following, which is the most important strategy for an underweight person who wishes to achieve a healthy body weight?

Accepted Answer

A) A high-kcalorie diet plus regular exercise 
B) A high-kcalorie diet and minimal exercise 
C) A high-protein diet plus regular exercise 
D) Total elimination of alcohol and exercise 
A) A high-kcalorie diet plus regular exercise 
B) A high-kcalorie diet and minimal exercise 
C) A high-protein diet plus regular exercise 
D) Total elimination of alcohol and exercise

Exam 9: Weight Management: Overweight, Obesity, and Underweight

An important aid in any weight-loss diet program is to

Which of the following is a feature of ghrelin?

The drug sibutramine reduces appetite by affecting

Which of the following describes a relationship between leptin and energy balance?

Tom was overweight when he was 13.During puberty he continued to gain weight steadily until at age 23, when he decided to lose weight.Tom successfully lost 50 pounds.Which of the following most likely happened to Tom's fat cells?

In the quest for achieving desirable body weight, adults have control over all of the following except

To help maximize the long-term success of a person's weight-loss program, which of the following personal attitudes should be encouraged in the individual?

What serves as the body's chief storage site for lipids?

Obesity resulting from an increase in the size of fat cells is termed

All of the following are characteristics of the results of weight-loss surgery except

Which of the following is known to cause a reduction in fat cell number in mice?

As a new assistant in a weight-loss research laboratory, you are given a tour of the mouse laboratory.Why is the leptin-deficient mouse much larger than its leptin-sufficient counterpart?

Compared with non-obese people, obese people have a lower

Because obesity apparently has many causes, even in an individual, the best approach seems to be

What is the principal reason that the FDA has banned the sale of products containing ephedrine?

What is the significance of the uncoupling proteins in adipose tissue?

Television watching contributes to obesity for all of the following reasons except

What is a safe rate of weight loss on a long-term basis for most overweight people?

Which of the following would not be part of a successful program of weight gain in an underweight individual?

Among the following, which is the most important strategy for an underweight person who wishes to achieve a healthy body weight?

An Overview of Nutrition

Planning a Healthy Diet

Digestion, Absorption, and Transport

The Carbohydrates: Sugars, Starches and Fibers

The Lipids: Triglycerides, Phospholipids, and Sterols

Protein: Amino Acids

Metabolism: Transformations and Interactions

Energy Balance and Body Composition

The Water-Soluble Vitamins: B Vitamins and Vitamin C

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins: A, D, E, and K

Water and the Major Minerals

The Trace Minerals

Life Cycle Nutrition: Pregnancy and Lactation

Life Cycle Nutrition: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Life Cycle Nutrition: Adulthood and the Later Years

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention

Medications, Diet-Drug Interactions, and Herbal Products

Enteral Nutrition Support

Parenteral Nutrition Support

Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Liver Disease and Gallstones

Diabetes Mellitus

Cardiovascular Diseases

Kidney Diseases

Cancer and Hiv Infection

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