Question 1

Which of the following protects against age-related bone loss?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vitamin C 
B)  Vitamin D 
C)  Folic acid 
D)  Vitamin K 
A)  Vitamin C 
B)  Vitamin D 
C)  Folic acid 
D)  Vitamin K D

Question 2

The group of adults with the largest percentage of individuals reporting no leisure time physical activity and who are thus at increased health risk includes those in which age group?

Accepted Answer

A)  25 to 35 years 
B)  36 to 44 years 
C)  45 to 64 years 
D)  65 years and older 
A)  25 to 35 years 
B)  36 to 44 years 
C)  45 to 64 years 
D)  65 years and older D

Question 3

Mr. B, a 73-year-old widower, visits his nurse practitioner for follow-up on his hypertension, which is unchanged. Mr. B expresses surprise, saying, "Since my wife died, I haven't been eating very well." Which of the following statements by the nurse would be most effective in eliciting pertinent data?

Accepted Answer

A)  "Are you following a special diet?" 
B)  "In what areas do you think you need help?" 
C)  "Can you describe your meals on a typical day?" 
D)  "It must be very lonesome for you." 
A)  "Are you following a special diet?" 
B)  "In what areas do you think you need help?" 
C)  "Can you describe your meals on a typical day?" 
D)  "It must be very lonesome for you." C

Question 4

Which of the following would be least effective to implement when feeding clients with dementia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Reminding the client to swallow 
B)  Guiding the client's hand to start scooping up the food 
C)  Isolating the client for meals 
D)  Playing quiet music in the dining room 
A)  Reminding the client to swallow 
B)  Guiding the client's hand to start scooping up the food 
C)  Isolating the client for meals 
D)  Playing quiet music in the dining room

Question 5

Iron and vitamin B12 absorption is likely impaired in the elderly client because of a decrease in which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Salivary secretions 
B)  Gastric secretions 
C)  Bile 
D)  Intestinal secretions 
A)  Salivary secretions 
B)  Gastric secretions 
C)  Bile 
D)  Intestinal secretions

Question 6

Before beginning a high-protein nutritional supplement for an elderly client, function of which of the following should be assessed?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stomach 
B)  Intestinal 
C)  Kidney 
D)  Liver 
A)  Stomach 
B)  Intestinal 
C)  Kidney 
D)  Liver

Question 7

A client is noted to have xerostomia. The nurse interprets this to mean which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dry mouth 
B)  Excessive salivation 
C)  Lack of gastric juice 
D)  Vitamin A deficiency 
A)  Dry mouth 
B)  Excessive salivation 
C)  Lack of gastric juice 
D)  Vitamin A deficiency

Question 8

An important means of preventing osteoarthritis is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Weight control 
B)  High calcium intake 
C)  Generous daily water intake 
D)  Vitamin D supplementation 
A)  Weight control 
B)  High calcium intake 
C)  Generous daily water intake 
D)  Vitamin D supplementation

Question 9

The major cause of tooth loss in the elderly population is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Dental caries 
B)  Periodontal disease 
C)  Scurvy 
D)  Vitamin A deficiency 
A)  Dental caries 
B)  Periodontal disease 
C)  Scurvy 
D)  Vitamin A deficiency

Question 10

Which of the following changes contributes to the danger of dehydration in the elderly client?

Accepted Answer

A)  Constipation and atherosclerosis of the brain 
B)  Decreased basal metabolic rate and decreased skeletal muscle mass 
C)  Diminished gastrointestinal mucus and slowed peristalsis 
D)  Less-active thirst mechanism and atrophied kidneys 
A)  Constipation and atherosclerosis of the brain 
B)  Decreased basal metabolic rate and decreased skeletal muscle mass 
C)  Diminished gastrointestinal mucus and slowed peristalsis 
D)  Less-active thirst mechanism and atrophied kidneys

Question 11

Which of the following would the nurse least likely identify as a consequence of strength training?

Accepted Answer

A)  Decreased loss of muscle mass 
B)  Slowing of functional decline 
C)  Fewer fall-related injuries 
D)  Weight loss 
A)  Decreased loss of muscle mass 
B)  Slowing of functional decline 
C)  Fewer fall-related injuries 
D)  Weight loss

Question 12

Which of the following would be most important to master first for a client who is learning to eat with dentures?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chewing soft foods 
B)  Drinking liquids 
C)  Eating mashed foods 
D)  Biting regular foods 
A)  Chewing soft foods 
B)  Drinking liquids 
C)  Eating mashed foods 
D)  Biting regular foods

Question 13

Recommendations for nutritional interventions for the elderly client should be based on which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  How the person feels 
B)  Recommended dietary allowances and adequate intakes for individuals over 51 years of age 
C)  Individualized assessment 
D)  Known needs of the elderly population 
A)  How the person feels 
B)  Recommended dietary allowances and adequate intakes for individuals over 51 years of age 
C)  Individualized assessment 
D)  Known needs of the elderly population

Question 14

Which of the following interventions is appropriate for an elderly client who complains that he cannot taste his food?

Accepted Answer

A)  Providing oral hygiene before meals 
B)  Increasing fluid intake 
C)  Giving him a salt shaker of his own 
D)  Converting food service to buffet style 
A)  Providing oral hygiene before meals 
B)  Increasing fluid intake 
C)  Giving him a salt shaker of his own 
D)  Converting food service to buffet style

Question 15

A client has dementia and has trouble manipulating forks and spoons. Which of the following items would be most appropriate for her breakfast?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oatmeal with butter rather than milk 
B)  Ham and egg sandwich on a croissant 
C)  Waffles with blueberry syrup 
D)  Cheese soufflé with cornmeal muffin 
A)  Oatmeal with butter rather than milk 
B)  Ham and egg sandwich on a croissant 
C)  Waffles with blueberry syrup 
D)  Cheese soufflé with cornmeal muffin

Question 16

The developmental task of young adulthood, intimacy, could be fostered by:

Accepted Answer

A)  Avoiding gatherings of older people 
B)  Participating in a small group discussion on childhood nutrition 
C)  Sharing one's ambition to publish a cookbook with another person 
D)  Volunteering to bake cookies for a school bake sale 
A)  Avoiding gatherings of older people 
B)  Participating in a small group discussion on childhood nutrition 
C)  Sharing one's ambition to publish a cookbook with another person 
D)  Volunteering to bake cookies for a school bake sale

Question 17

An early sign of dehydration in the elderly client is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Confusion 
B)  Diarrhea 
C)  Urinary frequency 
D)  Weight loss 
A)  Confusion 
B)  Diarrhea 
C)  Urinary frequency 
D)  Weight loss

Question 18

To maximize intake at meals for an elderly client, how much time should elapse between supplemental feedings and meals to allow hunger to develop?

Accepted Answer

A)  30 minutes 
B)  45 minutes 
C)  60 minutes 
D)  90 minutes 
A)  30 minutes 
B)  45 minutes 
C)  60 minutes 
D)  90 minutes

Question 19

Older adults require less energy than younger ones because they:

Accepted Answer

A)  Exercise less than when they were younger 
B)  Eat more sweets, which are rapidly converted to fat 
C)  Lose height due to osteoporosis 
D)  Increase their fat deposits at the expense of muscle tissue 
A)  Exercise less than when they were younger 
B)  Eat more sweets, which are rapidly converted to fat 
C)  Lose height due to osteoporosis 
D)  Increase their fat deposits at the expense of muscle tissue

Question 20

A person who is recently widowed may have anorexia. Which of the following suggestions addresses the psychosocial cause of this lack of appetite?

Accepted Answer

A)  Attending group activities and meals at a senior citizens' center 
B)  Ordering meals-on-wheels 
C)  Encouraging the person to make a "company" meal for herself or himself 
D)  Engaging in vigorous exercise before meals 
A)  Attending group activities and meals at a senior citizens' center 
B)  Ordering meals-on-wheels 
C)  Encouraging the person to make a "company" meal for herself or himself 
D)  Engaging in vigorous exercise before meals

Exam 12: Life Cycle Nutrition: the Mature Adult

Which of the following protects against age-related bone loss?

The group of adults with the largest percentage of individuals reporting no leisure time physical activity and who are thus at increased health risk includes those in which age group?

Which of the following would be least effective to implement when feeding clients with dementia?

Iron and vitamin B12 absorption is likely impaired in the elderly client because of a decrease in which of the following?

Before beginning a high-protein nutritional supplement for an elderly client, function of which of the following should be assessed?

A client is noted to have xerostomia. The nurse interprets this to mean which of the following?

An important means of preventing osteoarthritis is:

The major cause of tooth loss in the elderly population is:

Which of the following changes contributes to the danger of dehydration in the elderly client?

Which of the following would the nurse least likely identify as a consequence of strength training?

Which of the following would be most important to master first for a client who is learning to eat with dentures?

Recommendations for nutritional interventions for the elderly client should be based on which of the following?

Which of the following interventions is appropriate for an elderly client who complains that he cannot taste his food?

A client has dementia and has trouble manipulating forks and spoons. Which of the following items would be most appropriate for her breakfast?

The developmental task of young adulthood, intimacy, could be fostered by:

An early sign of dehydration in the elderly client is:

To maximize intake at meals for an elderly client, how much time should elapse between supplemental feedings and meals to allow hunger to develop?

Older adults require less energy than younger ones because they:

A person who is recently widowed may have anorexia. Which of the following suggestions addresses the psychosocial cause of this lack of appetite?

Nutrition in Human Health

Carbohydrates

Fats

Protein

Energy Balance

Vitamins

Minerals

Water

Digestion, Absorption, Metabolism, and Excretion

Life Cycle Nutrition: Pregnancy and Lactation

Life Cycle Nutrition: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Food Management

Nutrient Delivery

Interactions: Food and Nutrients Versus Medications and Supplements

Weight Management

Diet in Diabetes Mellitus and Hypoglycemia

Diet in Cardiovascular Disease

Diet in Renal Disease

Diet in Digestive Disease

Diet and Cancer

Nutrition in Critical Care

Diet in Hiv and Aids

Nutritional Care of the Terminally Ill

Filters

Iron and vitamin B₁₂ absorption is likely impaired in the elderly client because of a decrease in which of the following?