Question 1

Most renal clients need to avoid salt substitutes because they often contain:

Accepted Answer

A)  Phosphorus 
B)  Potassium 
C)  Protein 
D)  Calcium 
A)  Phosphorus 
B)  Potassium 
C)  Protein 
D)  Calcium B

Question 2

The toxic condition characterized by retention of nitrogenous substances in the blood is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  Anuria 
B)  Oliguria 
C)  Nephrotic syndrome 
D)  Uremia 
A)  Anuria 
B)  Oliguria 
C)  Nephrotic syndrome 
D)  Uremia D

Question 3

Gout is:

Accepted Answer

A)  A hereditary metabolic disease 
B)  Caused by an error in fat metabolism 
C)  A form of osteodystrophy caused by kidney failure 
D)  Untreatable except by diet 
A)  A hereditary metabolic disease 
B)  Caused by an error in fat metabolism 
C)  A form of osteodystrophy caused by kidney failure 
D)  Untreatable except by diet A

Question 4

Compared with renal failure clients who are not on dialysis, clients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) require:

Accepted Answer

A)  The same amount of dietary protein 
B)  Less dietary protein 
C)  More dietary protein 
D)  A different kind of protein 
A)  The same amount of dietary protein 
B)  Less dietary protein 
C)  More dietary protein 
D)  A different kind of protein

Question 5

After teaching a client about the functions of the kidney, the nurse determines that more teaching is needed when the client states which of the following as a function?

Accepted Answer

A)  Secretion of ions to maintain acid-base balance 
B)  Production of erythropoietin 
C)  Synthesis of bile 
D)  Production of activated form of vitamin D 
A)  Secretion of ions to maintain acid-base balance 
B)  Production of erythropoietin 
C)  Synthesis of bile 
D)  Production of activated form of vitamin D

Question 6

Which of the following would the nurse identify as a least likely cause of renal disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  Trauma 
B)  Excessive fluid intake 
C)  Infection 
D)  Medications 
A)  Trauma 
B)  Excessive fluid intake 
C)  Infection 
D)  Medications

Question 7

Which of the following would the nurse be least likely to identify as a risk factor for renal disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  Heart disease 
B)  Obesity 
C)  Diabetes 
D)  Hypertension 
A)  Heart disease 
B)  Obesity 
C)  Diabetes 
D)  Hypertension

Question 8

Growth failure in children treated with dialysis can be combated with three of the following suggestions. Which of the following items would be ill advised?

Accepted Answer

A)  Serving the children alone so their restricted diets are less apparent 
B)  Using festive tableware and dishes 
C)  Dividing intake into small frequent meals 
D)  Varying textures and colors of foods 
A)  Serving the children alone so their restricted diets are less apparent 
B)  Using festive tableware and dishes 
C)  Dividing intake into small frequent meals 
D)  Varying textures and colors of foods

Question 9

Which one of the following is low in potassium?

Accepted Answer

A)  Beet greens 
B)  Chocolate 
C)  Cooked spinach 
D)  Jellybeans 
A)  Beet greens 
B)  Chocolate 
C)  Cooked spinach 
D)  Jellybeans

Question 10

A measurable goal for a client with renal calculi is to drink sufficient water to produce a urinary output of how many milliliters per day?

Accepted Answer

A)  500 
B)  1000 
C)  2000 
D)  3000 
A)  500 
B)  1000 
C)  2000 
D)  3000

Question 11

Which of the following are high in potassium?

Accepted Answer

A)  Grapes 
B)  Cranberry juice 
C)  Baked potatoes 
D)  Canned pears 
A)  Grapes 
B)  Cranberry juice 
C)  Baked potatoes 
D)  Canned pears

Question 12

Epoetin alfa, a pharmaceutical form of erythropoietin, may be prescribed for clients with renal disease for which reason?

Accepted Answer

A)  To stimulate the liver to liberate stored iron for hemoglobin 
B)  To bind with ferritin to make it more usable by the bone marrow 
C)  To replace a hormone released by the kidney that stimulates red blood cell production 
D)  To provide a special preparation of bioavailable iron 
A)  To stimulate the liver to liberate stored iron for hemoglobin 
B)  To bind with ferritin to make it more usable by the bone marrow 
C)  To replace a hormone released by the kidney that stimulates red blood cell production 
D)  To provide a special preparation of bioavailable iron

Question 13

Clients with potassium restrictions may be instructed to do all the following procedures except:

Accepted Answer

A)  Cook vegetables in large amounts of water, which is then discarded 
B)  Use salt substitutes only after cooking 
C)  Drink carbonated beverages, cranberry juice, or lemonade 
D)  Use any of the permitted foods only in the form specified 
A)  Cook vegetables in large amounts of water, which is then discarded 
B)  Use salt substitutes only after cooking 
C)  Drink carbonated beverages, cranberry juice, or lemonade 
D)  Use any of the permitted foods only in the form specified

Question 14

The normal glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is normally about______ mL per minute.

Accepted Answer

A)  75 
B)  100 
C)  125 
D)  150 
A)  75 
B)  100 
C)  125 
D)  150

Question 15

Which of the following interventions would be least appropriate for a client with renal disease and anemia?

Accepted Answer

A)  An iron-rich diet 
B)  Liberal amounts of foods high in vitamin C 
C)  Vitamin B6 supplements 
D)  Supplementation with fat-soluble vitamin K 
A)  An iron-rich diet 
B)  Liberal amounts of foods high in vitamin C 
C)  Vitamin B6 supplements 
D)  Supplementation with fat-soluble vitamin K

Question 16

Mr. S is being treated for renal calculi. The first priority for teaching self-care to this client is to:

Accepted Answer

A)  Increase fluid intake 
B)  Limit calcium and phosphorus intake 
C)  Restrict all protein from meat, fish, and poultry sources 
D)  Restrict high-purine foods, such as anchovies and liver 
A)  Increase fluid intake 
B)  Limit calcium and phosphorus intake 
C)  Restrict all protein from meat, fish, and poultry sources 
D)  Restrict high-purine foods, such as anchovies and liver

Question 17

Renal functions can______ be assumed by another organ.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Renal functions can______ be assumed by another...

Question 18

Which of the following foods may have precipitated an attack of gout and consequently may need to be avoided by the client?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gravy, liver, and oil-packed sardines 
B)  Roquefort cheese, buttermilk, and vegetable soup 
C)  Chocolate ice cream, chicken-fried steak, and spinach salad 
D)  Eggs, pecan rolls, and coffee 
A)  Gravy, liver, and oil-packed sardines 
B)  Roquefort cheese, buttermilk, and vegetable soup 
C)  Chocolate ice cream, chicken-fried steak, and spinach salad 
D)  Eggs, pecan rolls, and coffee

Question 19

Renal clients may have to control dietary intake of total kilocalories, protein, potassium, sodium, and fluid. The exact diet prescription may change over time because of:

Accepted Answer

A)  Decreased intake as the disease progresses 
B)  Increased intake early in the disease 
C)  Changes in client's clinical condition and treatment approach 
D)  Client's tolerance and appetite changes 
A)  Decreased intake as the disease progresses 
B)  Increased intake early in the disease 
C)  Changes in client's clinical condition and treatment approach 
D)  Client's tolerance and appetite changes

Question 20

Dialysis clients may receive supplemental amount of which of the following because of the inability of the diseased kidney to activate this vitamin.

Accepted Answer

A)  Vitamin B12  
B)  Folic acid 
C)  Vitamin D 
D)  Vitamin K 
A)  Vitamin B12  
B)  Folic acid 
C)  Vitamin D 
D)  Vitamin K

Exam 19: Diet in Renal Disease

Most renal clients need to avoid salt substitutes because they often contain:

The toxic condition characterized by retention of nitrogenous substances in the blood is called:

Gout is:

Compared with renal failure clients who are not on dialysis, clients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) require:

After teaching a client about the functions of the kidney, the nurse determines that more teaching is needed when the client states which of the following as a function?

Which of the following would the nurse identify as a least likely cause of renal disease?

Which of the following would the nurse be least likely to identify as a risk factor for renal disease?

Growth failure in children treated with dialysis can be combated with three of the following suggestions. Which of the following items would be ill advised?

Which one of the following is low in potassium?

A measurable goal for a client with renal calculi is to drink sufficient water to produce a urinary output of how many milliliters per day?

Which of the following are high in potassium?

Epoetin alfa, a pharmaceutical form of erythropoietin, may be prescribed for clients with renal disease for which reason?

Clients with potassium restrictions may be instructed to do all the following procedures except:

The normal glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is normally about______ mL per minute.

Which of the following interventions would be least appropriate for a client with renal disease and anemia?

Mr. S is being treated for renal calculi. The first priority for teaching self-care to this client is to:

Renal functions can______ be assumed by another organ.

Which of the following foods may have precipitated an attack of gout and consequently may need to be avoided by the client?

Renal clients may have to control dietary intake of total kilocalories, protein, potassium, sodium, and fluid. The exact diet prescription may change over time because of:

Dialysis clients may receive supplemental amount of which of the following because of the inability of the diseased kidney to activate this vitamin.

Nutrition in Human Health

Carbohydrates

Fats

Protein

Energy Balance

Vitamins

Minerals

Water

Digestion, Absorption, Metabolism, and Excretion

Life Cycle Nutrition: Pregnancy and Lactation

Life Cycle Nutrition: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Life Cycle Nutrition: the Mature Adult

Food Management

Nutrient Delivery

Interactions: Food and Nutrients Versus Medications and Supplements

Weight Management

Diet in Diabetes Mellitus and Hypoglycemia

Diet in Cardiovascular Disease

Diet in Digestive Disease

Diet and Cancer

Nutrition in Critical Care

Diet in Hiv and Aids

Nutritional Care of the Terminally Ill

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