Question 1

Critical care patients with normal renal and liver function need at least ______ grams of protein per kg of ideal or actual body weight.

Accepted Answer

A)  0.8 to 1.2 
B)  1 to 1.1 
C)  1.2 to 2.0 
D)  5.5 to 6.5 
A)  0.8 to 1.2 
B)  1 to 1.1 
C)  1.2 to 2.0 
D)  5.5 to 6.5 C

Question 2

Which of the following would a nurse identify as a metabolic state that decreases a client's need for kilocalories?

Accepted Answer

A)  Burns 
B)  Sepsis 
C)  Trauma 
D)  Starvation 
A)  Burns 
B)  Sepsis 
C)  Trauma 
D)  Starvation D

Question 3

Studies have shown that which amount of vitamin C along with zinc and arginine helps improve the rate of pressure ulcer healing?

Accepted Answer

A)  100 mg 
B)  250 mg 
C)  375 mg 
D)  500 mg 
A)  100 mg 
B)  250 mg 
C)  375 mg 
D)  500 mg D

Question 4

Atrophy of the respiratory muscles associated with ventilator use is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  Oxygen toxicity 
B)  Vitamin-deficiency disease 
C)  Respiratory failure 
D)  Disuse syndrome 
A)  Oxygen toxicity 
B)  Vitamin-deficiency disease 
C)  Respiratory failure 
D)  Disuse syndrome

Question 5

Predictive equations are used to determine a client's ______ goal.

Accepted Answer

A)  Electrolyte 
B)  Kilocalorie 
C)  Mineral 
D)  Protein 
A)  Electrolyte 
B)  Kilocalorie 
C)  Mineral 
D)  Protein

Question 6

The production of glucose from noncarbohydrate body sources, such as glycerol from adipose tissue and amino acids from muscle tissue, is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  Glucosuria 
B)  Glycogenolysis 
C)  Lipolysis 
D)  Gluconeogenesis 
A)  Glucosuria 
B)  Glycogenolysis 
C)  Lipolysis 
D)  Gluconeogenesis

Question 7

The most critical requirement for a burn client is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Protein for healing 
B)  Fluid for replacement 
C)  Carbohydrate to spare protein 
D)  Fat for kilocalories 
A)  Protein for healing 
B)  Fluid for replacement 
C)  Carbohydrate to spare protein 
D)  Fat for kilocalories

Question 8

A temporary stoppage of peristalsis along with signs and symptoms of a bowel obstruction is called paralytic ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  Colitis 
B)  Ileus 
C)  Mesenteritis 
D)  Peritonitis 
A)  Colitis 
B)  Ileus 
C)  Mesenteritis 
D)  Peritonitis

Question 9

Urinary creatinine values may be used to estimate:

Accepted Answer

A)  Muscle protein reserves 
B)  Number of functioning nephrons 
C)  Metabolic waste products of respiration 
D)  The client's current phase of the stress response 
A)  Muscle protein reserves 
B)  Number of functioning nephrons 
C)  Metabolic waste products of respiration 
D)  The client's current phase of the stress response

Question 10

Ms. J is an alcoholic who has previously reported that she has not eaten "food" for at least the past 3 months. She stated that her sole source of kilocalories had been in the form of alcohol. The physician has ordered a high-kilocalorie, high-protein diet. Ms. J has eaten 100% of the three high-kilocalorie, high-protein meals received thus far. While reviewing her laboratory reports, the nurse notices her serum phosphorus, magnesium, and calcium values are decreased. The nurse should:

Accepted Answer

A)  Contact the client's physician and notify him or her of the recently obtained laboratory values 
B)  Encourage the client to continue to eat the high-kilocalorie, high-protein diet as ordered 
C)  Offer the client a 500-kcal complete nutritional supplement, which was previously ordered by the physician, sent up from the dietary department 
D)  Contact the physician for an extra dose of thiamin and niacin 
A)  Contact the client's physician and notify him or her of the recently obtained laboratory values 
B)  Encourage the client to continue to eat the high-kilocalorie, high-protein diet as ordered 
C)  Offer the client a 500-kcal complete nutritional supplement, which was previously ordered by the physician, sent up from the dietary department 
D)  Contact the physician for an extra dose of thiamin and niacin

Question 11

Experts advocate the following when refeeding a malnourished client:

Accepted Answer

A)  Rapidly replenishing lost protein with foods of high biological value 
B)  Progressing the rate, volume, and concentration of a tube feeding with every feeding 
C)  Pushing a liberal intake of water and other hypotonic fluids 
D)  Correcting any electrolyte imbalances before aggressive nutritional therapy is begun 
A)  Rapidly replenishing lost protein with foods of high biological value 
B)  Progressing the rate, volume, and concentration of a tube feeding with every feeding 
C)  Pushing a liberal intake of water and other hypotonic fluids 
D)  Correcting any electrolyte imbalances before aggressive nutritional therapy is begun

Question 12

A person with burns over 55% of his or her body has a stress factor of 2 This means that he or she requires:

Accepted Answer

A)  Two grams of protein per kilogram of body weight 
B)  Two times as much fat intake as usual 
C)  200% of the usual resting energy expenditure 
D)  110 kilocalories per pound of body weight 
A)  Two grams of protein per kilogram of body weight 
B)  Two times as much fat intake as usual 
C)  200% of the usual resting energy expenditure 
D)  110 kilocalories per pound of body weight

Question 13

Refeeding syndrome can be fatal because of:

Accepted Answer

A)  Severe atrophy of the gastrointestinal tract during starvation 
B)  Redistribution of minerals between extracellular and intracellular fluid compartments 
C)  The body's inability to rapidly convert excessive kilocalories to body fat stores 
D)  The buildup of toxic waste products of metabolism 
A)  Severe atrophy of the gastrointestinal tract during starvation 
B)  Redistribution of minerals between extracellular and intracellular fluid compartments 
C)  The body's inability to rapidly convert excessive kilocalories to body fat stores 
D)  The buildup of toxic waste products of metabolism

Question 14

Malnutrition is commonly seen in clients with pulmonary disease for which of the following reasons?

Accepted Answer

A)  These clients customarily make very poor food choices. 
B)  These clients may need much more energy than a healthy person needs to breathe. 
C)  Many of these clients sleep so much they forget to eat. 
D)  Many of these clients use a disproportional amount of their food energy to support their extraordinarily powerful immune systems. 
A)  These clients customarily make very poor food choices. 
B)  These clients may need much more energy than a healthy person needs to breathe. 
C)  Many of these clients sleep so much they forget to eat. 
D)  Many of these clients use a disproportional amount of their food energy to support their extraordinarily powerful immune systems.

Question 15

The most extreme state of stress a client can sustain is a burn. Kilocalorie need in this situation depends which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Body surface area involved 
B)  Depth of the burn 
C)  Amount of fluid lost 
D)  Client's age 
A)  Body surface area involved 
B)  Depth of the burn 
C)  Amount of fluid lost 
D)  Client's age

Question 16

Propofol is usually administered in a ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  5% dextrose emulsion 
B)  3.5% amino acid suspension 
C)  10% dextrose suspension 
D)  10% fat emulsion 
A)  5% dextrose emulsion 
B)  3.5% amino acid suspension 
C)  10% dextrose suspension 
D)  10% fat emulsion

Question 17

Which of the following is not an adaptive response of the body to uncomplicated starvation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased efficiency in reuse of amino acids 
B)  Decreased urea nitrogen excretion 
C)  Heightened awareness 
D)  Increased use of fatty acids for energy 
A)  Increased efficiency in reuse of amino acids 
B)  Decreased urea nitrogen excretion 
C)  Heightened awareness 
D)  Increased use of fatty acids for energy

Question 18

A condition, usually febrile, resulting from microorganisms or their toxins in the bloodstream is:

Accepted Answer

A)  An infection 
B)  Pathogenesis 
C)  Sepsis 
D)  Hypermetabolism 
A)  An infection 
B)  Pathogenesis 
C)  Sepsis 
D)  Hypermetabolism

Exam 22: Nutrition in Critical Care

Critical care patients with normal renal and liver function need at least ______ grams of protein per kg of ideal or actual body weight.

Which of the following would a nurse identify as a metabolic state that decreases a client's need for kilocalories?

Studies have shown that which amount of vitamin C along with zinc and arginine helps improve the rate of pressure ulcer healing?

Atrophy of the respiratory muscles associated with ventilator use is an example of:

Predictive equations are used to determine a client's ______ goal.

The production of glucose from noncarbohydrate body sources, such as glycerol from adipose tissue and amino acids from muscle tissue, is called:

The most critical requirement for a burn client is:

A temporary stoppage of peristalsis along with signs and symptoms of a bowel obstruction is called paralytic ______.

Urinary creatinine values may be used to estimate:

Experts advocate the following when refeeding a malnourished client:

A person with burns over 55% of his or her body has a stress factor of 2 This means that he or she requires:

Refeeding syndrome can be fatal because of:

Malnutrition is commonly seen in clients with pulmonary disease for which of the following reasons?

The most extreme state of stress a client can sustain is a burn. Kilocalorie need in this situation depends which of the following?

Propofol is usually administered in a ______.

Which of the following is not an adaptive response of the body to uncomplicated starvation?

A condition, usually febrile, resulting from microorganisms or their toxins in the bloodstream is:

Nutrition in Human Health

Carbohydrates

Fats

Protein

Energy Balance

Vitamins

Minerals

Water

Digestion, Absorption, Metabolism, and Excretion

Life Cycle Nutrition: Pregnancy and Lactation

Life Cycle Nutrition: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Life Cycle Nutrition: the Mature Adult

Food Management

Nutrient Delivery

Interactions: Food and Nutrients Versus Medications and Supplements

Weight Management

Diet in Diabetes Mellitus and Hypoglycemia

Diet in Cardiovascular Disease

Diet in Renal Disease

Diet in Digestive Disease

Diet and Cancer

Diet in Hiv and Aids

Nutritional Care of the Terminally Ill

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