Question 1

Use the figure above to answer questions 
  
-The hormone __________ is indicated at "D."

Accepted Answer

A) PRL 
B) LH 
C) oxytocin 
D) ADH 
E) TSH 
A) PRL 
B) LH 
C) oxytocin 
D) ADH 
E) TSH

Question 2

When blood levels of cortisol rise above the set point, secretion(s) of __________ is (are) slowed.

Accepted Answer

A) CRH 
B) ACTH 
C) TSH 
D) STH 
E) CRH and ACTH 
A) CRH 
B) ACTH 
C) TSH 
D) STH 
E) CRH and ACTH

Question 3

Molecular evidence points to __________ as an explanation for the great diversity of hormones and hormone receptors in vertebrates.

Accepted Answer

A) polyploidy and nondisjunction 
B) gene duplications followed by mutations 
C) continental drift 
D) chromosomal translocations 
E) homeotic genes 
A) polyploidy and nondisjunction 
B) gene duplications followed by mutations 
C) continental drift 
D) chromosomal translocations 
E) homeotic genes

Question 4

Steroid hormones

Accepted Answer

A) are proteins. 
B) include testosterone, estrogens, and cortisol. 
C) never activate second messengers. 
D) never alter membrane transport of ions. 
E) fit all of these descriptions. 
A) are proteins. 
B) include testosterone, estrogens, and cortisol. 
C) never activate second messengers. 
D) never alter membrane transport of ions. 
E) fit all of these descriptions.

Question 5

A friend tells you that her husband has been feeling anxious for the past month.He has also felt fatigued most of the time, and his face is puffy.Doctors have already checked for ulcers, cancer, blood pressure changes, and other blood irregularities, but have found everything to be normal.You are an endocrinologist, so you suggest that he be tested for the most likely endocrine malfunction, which would be __________ levels.

Accepted Answer

A) androgen/estrogen 
B) glucocorticoid 
C) calcitonin 
D) melatonin 
E) parathyroid 
A) androgen/estrogen 
B) glucocorticoid 
C) calcitonin 
D) melatonin 
E) parathyroid

Question 6

Melatonin levels are associated with

Accepted Answer

A) onset of puberty. 
B) body temperature. 
C) sleep cycles. 
D) seasonal affective disorder. 
E) all of these. 
A) onset of puberty. 
B) body temperature. 
C) sleep cycles. 
D) seasonal affective disorder. 
E) all of these.

Question 7

Which gland is both an exocrine and endocrine gland?

Accepted Answer

A) pancreas 
B) adrenal 
C) ovary 
D) thyroid 
E) pituitary 
A) pancreas 
B) adrenal 
C) ovary 
D) thyroid 
E) pituitary

Question 8

Steroid hormones and thyroid hormones do not require a membrane receptor because they

Accepted Answer

A) are small enough to pass directly through the membrane. 
B) are soluble in the lipid bilayer. 
C) pass through special membrane channels. 
D) are water-soluble. 
E) dissolve in the cholesterol of the membranes. 
A) are small enough to pass directly through the membrane. 
B) are soluble in the lipid bilayer. 
C) pass through special membrane channels. 
D) are water-soluble. 
E) dissolve in the cholesterol of the membranes.

Question 9

Physiological responses to chronic stress interfere with

Accepted Answer

A) the immune system. 
B) sexual function. 
C) growth. 
D) cardiovascular function. 
E) all of these. 
A) the immune system. 
B) sexual function. 
C) growth. 
D) cardiovascular function. 
E) all of these.

Question 10

The reason that some individual hormones have so many different effects is that

Accepted Answer

A) they influence gene transcription. 
B) they trigger a second messenger system that produces a cascade effect. 
C) there are a great many different cells in different tissues that have specific receptors for the hormone. 
D) the hormone is carried throughout the body, and only a small amount is needed to produce its effect. 
E) all of these are true. 
A) they influence gene transcription. 
B) they trigger a second messenger system that produces a cascade effect. 
C) there are a great many different cells in different tissues that have specific receptors for the hormone. 
D) the hormone is carried throughout the body, and only a small amount is needed to produce its effect. 
E) all of these are true.

Question 11

The anterior pituitary secretions produce their effects in

Accepted Answer

A) the gonads. 
B) the thyroid gland. 
C) the adrenal gland. 
D) the mammary glands. 
E) all of these. 
A) the gonads. 
B) the thyroid gland. 
C) the adrenal gland. 
D) the mammary glands. 
E) all of these.

Question 12

Which of these is true for most water-soluble hormones?

Accepted Answer

A) They must be transported by specific carriers in the blood. 
B) They have no trouble entering their target cells. 
C) They find and react with surface receptor molecules. 
D) They never elicit the production of a second messenger. 
E) They trigger gene transcription. 
A) They must be transported by specific carriers in the blood. 
B) They have no trouble entering their target cells. 
C) They find and react with surface receptor molecules. 
D) They never elicit the production of a second messenger. 
E) They trigger gene transcription.

Question 13

The hormone whose levels remain high when the body is suffering from inflammation and stress is

Accepted Answer

A) cortisol. 
B) somatotropin. 
C) thymosin. 
D) prolactin. 
E) parathyroid hormone. 
A) cortisol. 
B) somatotropin. 
C) thymosin. 
D) prolactin. 
E) parathyroid hormone.

Question 14

Which is false about estrogen receptors in humans?

Accepted Answer

A) They are restricted to females. 
B) They are necessary for sperm maturation. 
C) They bind the insecticides kepone and DDT, now banned in the U.S. 
D) Endocrine disruptors affecting them may be responsible for declining sperm counts in western countries. 
E) All of these are false. 
A) They are restricted to females. 
B) They are necessary for sperm maturation. 
C) They bind the insecticides kepone and DDT, now banned in the U.S. 
D) Endocrine disruptors affecting them may be responsible for declining sperm counts in western countries. 
E) All of these are false.

Question 15

In cases of the "winter blues" treatment with a bright artificial light can reduce the effects by

Accepted Answer

A) increasing thyroid gland activity. 
B) decreasing pineal gland activity. 
C) increasing gonadal output. 
D) pancreas reduction. 
E) kidney adrenal gland activation. 
A) increasing thyroid gland activity. 
B) decreasing pineal gland activity. 
C) increasing gonadal output. 
D) pancreas reduction. 
E) kidney adrenal gland activation.

Question 16

Glucagon is produced by the

Accepted Answer

A) adrenal cortex. 
B) adrenal medulla. 
C) thyroid. 
D) kidneys. 
E) pancreas. 
A) adrenal cortex. 
B) adrenal medulla. 
C) thyroid. 
D) kidneys. 
E) pancreas.

Question 17

Prolactin

Accepted Answer

A) stimulates the mammary glands to produce milk. 
B) is the only hormone to affect mammary glands. 
C) causes the development of breasts and other secondary sexual characteristics in the male. 
D) acts in concert with FSH to produce milk. 
E) has secondary effects on reducing the size of the uterus after birth. 
A) stimulates the mammary glands to produce milk. 
B) is the only hormone to affect mammary glands. 
C) causes the development of breasts and other secondary sexual characteristics in the male. 
D) acts in concert with FSH to produce milk. 
E) has secondary effects on reducing the size of the uterus after birth.

Question 18

Use the figure above to answer questions 
  
-The synthesis site for the hormones of this figure is indicated by

Accepted Answer

A) A. 
B) B. 
C) C. 
D) D. 
E) E. 
A) A. 
B) B. 
C) C. 
D) D. 
E) E.

Question 19

The only endocrine gland whose secretory function is under direct control by sympathetic neurons is the

Accepted Answer

A) pancreas. 
B) thyroid. 
C) adrenal medulla. 
D) thymus. 
E) testis. 
A) pancreas. 
B) thyroid. 
C) adrenal medulla. 
D) thymus. 
E) testis.

Question 20

Signaling molecules in animals are

Accepted Answer

A) neurotransmitters. 
B) hormones. 
C) pheromones. 
D) local signaling molecules. 
E) all of these. 
A) neurotransmitters. 
B) hormones. 
C) pheromones. 
D) local signaling molecules. 
E) all of these.

Exam 35: Endocrine Control

Use the figure above to answer questions -The hormone __________ is indicated at "D."

When blood levels of cortisol rise above the set point, secretion(s) of __________ is (are) slowed.

Molecular evidence points to __________ as an explanation for the great diversity of hormones and hormone receptors in vertebrates.

Steroid hormones

Melatonin levels are associated with

Which gland is both an exocrine and endocrine gland?

Steroid hormones and thyroid hormones do not require a membrane receptor because they

Physiological responses to chronic stress interfere with

The reason that some individual hormones have so many different effects is that

The anterior pituitary secretions produce their effects in

Which of these is true for most water-soluble hormones?

The hormone whose levels remain high when the body is suffering from inflammation and stress is

Which is false about estrogen receptors in humans?

In cases of the "winter blues" treatment with a bright artificial light can reduce the effects by

Glucagon is produced by the

Prolactin

Use the figure above to answer questions -The synthesis site for the hormones of this figure is indicated by

The only endocrine gland whose secretory function is under direct control by sympathetic neurons is the

Signaling molecules in animals are

Invitation to Biology

Lifes Chemical Basis

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure and Function

A Closer Look at Cell Membranes

Ground Rules of Metabolism

Where It Startsphotosynthesis

Energy-Releasing Pathways

How Cells Reproduce

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Observing Patterns in Inherited Traits

Chromosomes and Human Inheritance

Dna Structure and Function

From Dna to Protein

Controls Over Genes

Recombinant Dna and Genetic Engineering

The Macroevolutionary Puzzle

Emergence of Evolutionary Thought

Organizing Information About Species

The Origin and Evolution of Life

Viruses and Prokaryotes

Protists the Simplest Eukaryotes

Plants

Fungi

Animals: the Invertebrates

Animal Evolution the Chordates

Human Evolution: a Case Study

Plant Tissues

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Plant Reproduction

Plant Growth and Development

Animal Tissues and Organ Systems

Neural Control

Sensory Perception

Protection, Support, and Movement

Circulation

Immunity

Respiration

Digestion and Human Nutrition

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Animal Reproductive Systems

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Population Ecology

Community Structure and Biodiversity

Ecosystems

The Biosphere

Human Impacts on the Biosphere

Filters