Question 1

Four of the five substances listed below are related by a common chemical similarity.Select the exception.

Accepted Answer

A) amylose 
B) maltose 
C) sucrose 
D) lactose 
E) all these are disaccharides 
A) amylose 
B) maltose 
C) sucrose 
D) lactose 
E) all these are disaccharides A

Question 2

A hydrolysis reaction results in

Accepted Answer

A) formation of a macromolecule. 
B) bond breakage of a macromolecule. 
C) lipid molecule creation. 
D) nucleic acids being made. 
E) most macromolecules. 
A) formation of a macromolecule. 
B) bond breakage of a macromolecule. 
C) lipid molecule creation. 
D) nucleic acids being made. 
E) most macromolecules. B

Question 3

The region of the amino acid molecule that determines the specific amino acid is the

Accepted Answer

A) amine group. 
B) carboxyl group. 
C) backbone. 
D) hydroxyl group. 
E) "R" group. 
A) amine group. 
B) carboxyl group. 
C) backbone. 
D) hydroxyl group. 
E) "R" group. E

Question 4

_______ are complex carbon ring structures that often have an iron atom at their center.

Accepted Answer

A) Hemes 
B) Globins 
C) Globulins 
D) Sugars 
E) Alkenes 
A) Hemes 
B) Globins 
C) Globulins 
D) Sugars 
E) Alkenes

Question 5

Which is a monosaccharide?

Accepted Answer

A) glucose 
B) chitin 
C) amylose 
D) starch 
E) glycogen 
A) glucose 
B) chitin 
C) amylose 
D) starch 
E) glycogen

Question 6

Denaturation of proteins may result in all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) breakage of hydrogen bonds. 
B) loss of three-dimensional structure. 
C) removal of R groups from amino acids. 
D) alteration of enzyme activity. 
E) endangerment of a cell's life. 
A) breakage of hydrogen bonds. 
B) loss of three-dimensional structure. 
C) removal of R groups from amino acids. 
D) alteration of enzyme activity. 
E) endangerment of a cell's life.

Question 7

Amino acids are linked by what kind of bonds to form the primary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

A) disulfide 
B) hydrogen 
C) ionic 
D) peptide 
E) none of these 
A) disulfide 
B) hydrogen 
C) ionic 
D) peptide 
E) none of these

Question 8

Lipids

Accepted Answer

A) yield less energy per gram than do carbohydrates. 
B) include cartilage and chitin. 
C) include fats consisting of one fatty-acid molecule and three glycerol molecules. 
D) are composed of monosaccharides. 
E) are none of these. 
A) yield less energy per gram than do carbohydrates. 
B) include cartilage and chitin. 
C) include fats consisting of one fatty-acid molecule and three glycerol molecules. 
D) are composed of monosaccharides. 
E) are none of these.

Question 9

The breakdown of large molecules by the enzymatic addition of water is what kind of reaction?

Accepted Answer

A) oxidation 
B) reduction 
C) condensation 
D) hydrolysis 
E) decarboxylation 
A) oxidation 
B) reduction 
C) condensation 
D) hydrolysis 
E) decarboxylation

Question 10

__________ are the main components of cell membranes.

Accepted Answer

A) Triglycerides 
B) Phospholipids 
C) Unsaturated fats 
D) Steroids 
E) Fatty acids 
A) Triglycerides 
B) Phospholipids 
C) Unsaturated fats 
D) Steroids 
E) Fatty acids

Question 11

Proteins may function as

Accepted Answer

A) structural units. 
B) hormones. 
C) storage molecules. 
D) transport molecules. 
E) all of these. 
A) structural units. 
B) hormones. 
C) storage molecules. 
D) transport molecules. 
E) all of these.

Question 12

The combination of glucose and galactose forms

Accepted Answer

A) fructose. 
B) maltose. 
C) lactose. 
D) sucrose. 
E) a polysaccharide. 
A) fructose. 
B) maltose. 
C) lactose. 
D) sucrose. 
E) a polysaccharide.

Question 13

The sixth amino acid in normal hemoglobin is glutamate, but it is replaced by __________ in sickle-cell anemia.

Accepted Answer

A) histidine 
B) proline 
C) leucine 
D) valine 
E) threonine 
A) histidine 
B) proline 
C) leucine 
D) valine 
E) threonine

Question 14

Which of the following does NOT describe some aspect of polysaccharides?

Accepted Answer

A) energy storage 
B) straight or branched chain   
C) glucose subunits 
D) contain only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms 
E) produced by condensation reactions 
A) energy storage 
B) straight or branched chain   
C) glucose subunits 
D) contain only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms 
E) produced by condensation reactions

Question 15

Which is a monomer?

Accepted Answer

A) chitin 
B) cellulose 
C) amylose 
D) sucrose 
E) glucose 
A) chitin 
B) cellulose 
C) amylose 
D) sucrose 
E) glucose

Question 16

Which of the following can denature a protein?

Accepted Answer

A) heat 
B) a shift in pH 
C) detergents 
D) salts 
E) all of these 
A) heat 
B) a shift in pH 
C) detergents 
D) salts 
E) all of these

Question 17

The figure below illustrates a __________ reaction that produces a __________.

Accepted Answer

A) condensation; hydroxyls; polymer 
B) condensation; water molecule 
C) cleavage; water molecules; monomer 
D) rearrangement; water molecules; polymer 
E) rearrangement; hydrogen ions; polymer 
A) condensation; hydroxyls; polymer 
B) condensation; water molecule 
C) cleavage; water molecules; monomer 
D) rearrangement; water molecules; polymer 
E) rearrangement; hydrogen ions; polymer

Question 18

Which substances are the most plentiful biological molecules in the biosphere?

Accepted Answer

A) carbohydrates 
B) salts and minerals 
C) proteins 
D) fats 
E) nucleic acids 
A) carbohydrates 
B) salts and minerals 
C) proteins 
D) fats 
E) nucleic acids

Question 19

Fructose and glucose are

Accepted Answer

A) isotopes. 
B) monosaccharides. 
C) disaccharides. 
D) six-carbon sugars. 
E) both monosaccharides and six-carbon sugars. 
A) isotopes. 
B) monosaccharides. 
C) disaccharides. 
D) six-carbon sugars. 
E) both monosaccharides and six-carbon sugars.

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a known dysfunction in the expression of sickle-cell anemia?

Accepted Answer

A) impaired brain function 
B) rheumatism 
C) heart failure 
D) excessive absorption of oxygen causing the cell to swell 
E) enlarged spleen 
A) impaired brain function 
B) rheumatism 
C) heart failure 
D) excessive absorption of oxygen causing the cell to swell 
E) enlarged spleen

Exam 3: Molecules of Life

Four of the five substances listed below are related by a common chemical similarity.Select the exception.

A hydrolysis reaction results in

The region of the amino acid molecule that determines the specific amino acid is the

_______ are complex carbon ring structures that often have an iron atom at their center.

Which is a monosaccharide?

Denaturation of proteins may result in all of the following EXCEPT

Amino acids are linked by what kind of bonds to form the primary structure of a protein?

Lipids

The breakdown of large molecules by the enzymatic addition of water is what kind of reaction?

__________ are the main components of cell membranes.

Proteins may function as

The combination of glucose and galactose forms

The sixth amino acid in normal hemoglobin is glutamate, but it is replaced by __________ in sickle-cell anemia.

Which of the following does NOT describe some aspect of polysaccharides?

Which is a monomer?

Which of the following can denature a protein?

The figure below illustrates a __________ reaction that produces a __________.

Which substances are the most plentiful biological molecules in the biosphere?

Fructose and glucose are

Which of the following is NOT a known dysfunction in the expression of sickle-cell anemia?

Invitation to Biology

Lifes Chemical Basis

Cell Structure and Function

A Closer Look at Cell Membranes

Ground Rules of Metabolism

Where It Startsphotosynthesis

Energy-Releasing Pathways

How Cells Reproduce

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Observing Patterns in Inherited Traits

Chromosomes and Human Inheritance

Dna Structure and Function

From Dna to Protein

Controls Over Genes

Recombinant Dna and Genetic Engineering

The Macroevolutionary Puzzle

Emergence of Evolutionary Thought

Organizing Information About Species

The Origin and Evolution of Life

Viruses and Prokaryotes

Protists the Simplest Eukaryotes

Plants

Fungi

Animals: the Invertebrates

Animal Evolution the Chordates

Human Evolution: a Case Study

Plant Tissues

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Plant Reproduction

Plant Growth and Development

Animal Tissues and Organ Systems

Neural Control

Sensory Perception

Endocrine Control

Protection, Support, and Movement

Circulation

Immunity

Respiration

Digestion and Human Nutrition

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Animal Reproductive Systems

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Population Ecology

Community Structure and Biodiversity

Ecosystems

The Biosphere

Human Impacts on the Biosphere

Filters

The figure below illustrates a reaction that produces a .