Question 1

Of all the different codons that exist, three of them

Accepted Answer

A) are involved in mutations. 
B) do not specify a particular amino acid. 
C) cannot be copied. 
D) provide instructions such as STOP. 
E) do not specify a particular amino acid and provide instructions such as STOP. 
A) are involved in mutations. 
B) do not specify a particular amino acid. 
C) cannot be copied. 
D) provide instructions such as STOP. 
E) do not specify a particular amino acid and provide instructions such as STOP. E

Question 2

The RNA molecule is made up of how many strands?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 6 
E) 12 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 6 
E) 12 A

Question 3

All mRNA transcripts begin with

Accepted Answer

A) methionine. 
B) a ribosome. 
C) AUG. 
D) the P site. 
E) an anticodon. 
A) methionine. 
B) a ribosome. 
C) AUG. 
D) the P site. 
E) an anticodon. C

Question 4

Ricin is

Accepted Answer

A) a substance found in castor bean seeds. 
B) a polysaccharide extracted from rice. 
C) an ingredient in many paints and cosmetics. 
D) a protein that inactivates ribosomes. 
E) a substance found in castor bean seeds and a protein that inactivates ribosomes. 
A) a substance found in castor bean seeds. 
B) a polysaccharide extracted from rice. 
C) an ingredient in many paints and cosmetics. 
D) a protein that inactivates ribosomes. 
E) a substance found in castor bean seeds and a protein that inactivates ribosomes.

Question 5

Transcription starts at a region of DNA called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) sequencer. 
B) promoter. 
C) activator. 
D) terminator. 
E) transcriber. 
A) sequencer. 
B) promoter. 
C) activator. 
D) terminator. 
E) transcriber.

Question 6

DNA from bacteria differs from DNA in humans in which of the following ways?

Accepted Answer

A) base composition 
B) sugar-phosphate linkage 
C) nucleotide sequence 
D) bonding of the helix 
E) all of these 
A) base composition 
B) sugar-phosphate linkage 
C) nucleotide sequence 
D) bonding of the helix 
E) all of these

Question 7

The structure in the above figure demonstrates which of the following ?

Accepted Answer

A) transcription and translation occur simultaneously on a single strand 
B) ribosomes attached to a strand of DNA 
C) a small ribosomal subunit 
D) multiple ribosomes on a strand of mRNA 
E) all of these 
A) transcription and translation occur simultaneously on a single strand 
B) ribosomes attached to a strand of DNA 
C) a small ribosomal subunit 
D) multiple ribosomes on a strand of mRNA 
E) all of these

Question 8

Which structure is involved in the initiation stage?

Accepted Answer

A) a specific tRNA 
B) an mRNA transcript 
C) a small ribosomal subunit 
D) a large ribosomal subunit 
E) all of these 
A) a specific tRNA 
B) an mRNA transcript 
C) a small ribosomal subunit 
D) a large ribosomal subunit 
E) all of these

Question 9

The nitrogenous base found in RNA but not in DNA is

Accepted Answer

A) adenine. 
B) cytosine. 
C) guanine. 
D) uracil. 
E) thymine. 
A) adenine. 
B) cytosine. 
C) guanine. 
D) uracil. 
E) thymine.

Question 10

The nitrogenous base found in DNA but not in RNA is

Accepted Answer

A) adenine. 
B) cytosine. 
C) guanine. 
D) uracil. 
E) thymine. 
A) adenine. 
B) cytosine. 
C) guanine. 
D) uracil. 
E) thymine.

Question 11

There are how many different kinds of amino acids in proteins?

Accepted Answer

A) 3 
B) 6 
C) 12 
D) 20 
E) 28 
A) 3 
B) 6 
C) 12 
D) 20 
E) 28

Question 12

The difference between normal and sickle-cell hemoglobin is based upon

Accepted Answer

A) the number of amino acids in the molecule. 
B) the substitution of one amino acid for another. 
C) the number and orientation of the amino acid chains attached to the heme portion of the molecule. 
D) the number of oxygen molecules that can be carried. 
E) the type of bone marrow that produces it. 
A) the number of amino acids in the molecule. 
B) the substitution of one amino acid for another. 
C) the number and orientation of the amino acid chains attached to the heme portion of the molecule. 
D) the number of oxygen molecules that can be carried. 
E) the type of bone marrow that produces it.

Question 13

The helix structure on the right of the above figure represents

Accepted Answer

A) DNA. 
B) RNA. 
C) lipid. 
D) protein. 
E) phospholipid. 
A) DNA. 
B) RNA. 
C) lipid. 
D) protein. 
E) phospholipid.

Question 14

Before leaving the nucleus, the RNA molecule

Accepted Answer

A) acquires a poly-A tail. 
B) is released from the STOP signal on the template. 
C) becomes capped. 
D) is stripped of its introns. 
E) does all of these. 
A) acquires a poly-A tail. 
B) is released from the STOP signal on the template. 
C) becomes capped. 
D) is stripped of its introns. 
E) does all of these.

Question 15

Which event of translation is shown here?

Accepted Answer

A) initiation 
B) elongation 
C) termination 
D) peptide bond formation 
E) elongation and peptide bond formation 
A) initiation 
B) elongation 
C) termination 
D) peptide bond formation 
E) elongation and peptide bond formation

Question 16

The portion of the DNA molecule that is not translated and is a noncoding portion of DNA is composed of

Accepted Answer

A) introns. 
B) anticodons. 
C) exons. 
D) transcriptons. 
E) exons and transcriptons. 
A) introns. 
B) anticodons. 
C) exons. 
D) transcriptons. 
E) exons and transcriptons.

Question 17

In transcription,

Accepted Answer

A) several RNA molecules are made from the same DNA molecule. 
B) a promoter sequence is needed. 
C) DNA produces messenger RNA. 
D) a specific enzyme called RNA polymerase is required. 
E) all of these occur. 
A) several RNA molecules are made from the same DNA molecule. 
B) a promoter sequence is needed. 
C) DNA produces messenger RNA. 
D) a specific enzyme called RNA polymerase is required. 
E) all of these occur.

Question 18

DNA and RNA are alike in

Accepted Answer

A) the pentose sugar. 
B) all the nitrogenous bases used to assemble the genetic code. 
C) the number of strands. 
D) their function in genetics. 
E) none of these. 
A) the pentose sugar. 
B) all the nitrogenous bases used to assemble the genetic code. 
C) the number of strands. 
D) their function in genetics. 
E) none of these.

Question 19

Transcription

Accepted Answer

A) involves both strands of DNA as templates. 
B) uses the enzyme DNA polymerase. 
C) results in a double-stranded end product. 
D) produces three different types of RNA molecules. 
E) fits all of these descriptions. 
A) involves both strands of DNA as templates. 
B) uses the enzyme DNA polymerase. 
C) results in a double-stranded end product. 
D) produces three different types of RNA molecules. 
E) fits all of these descriptions.

Question 20

If each nucleotide coded for a single amino acid, how many different types of amino acids could be combined to form proteins?

Accepted Answer

A) 4 
B) 16 
C) 20 
D) 64 
E) none of these 
A) 4 
B) 16 
C) 20 
D) 64 
E) none of these

Exam 14: From Dna to Protein

Of all the different codons that exist, three of them

The RNA molecule is made up of how many strands?

All mRNA transcripts begin with

Ricin is

Transcription starts at a region of DNA called a(n)

DNA from bacteria differs from DNA in humans in which of the following ways?

The structure in the above figure demonstrates which of the following ?

Which structure is involved in the initiation stage?

The nitrogenous base found in RNA but not in DNA is

The nitrogenous base found in DNA but not in RNA is

There are how many different kinds of amino acids in proteins?

The difference between normal and sickle-cell hemoglobin is based upon

The helix structure on the right of the above figure represents

Before leaving the nucleus, the RNA molecule

Which event of translation is shown here?

The portion of the DNA molecule that is not translated and is a noncoding portion of DNA is composed of

In transcription,

DNA and RNA are alike in

Transcription

If each nucleotide coded for a single amino acid, how many different types of amino acids could be combined to form proteins?

Invitation to Biology

Lifes Chemical Basis

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure and Function

A Closer Look at Cell Membranes

Ground Rules of Metabolism

Where It Startsphotosynthesis

Energy-Releasing Pathways

How Cells Reproduce

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Observing Patterns in Inherited Traits

Chromosomes and Human Inheritance

Dna Structure and Function

Controls Over Genes

Recombinant Dna and Genetic Engineering

The Macroevolutionary Puzzle

Emergence of Evolutionary Thought

Organizing Information About Species

The Origin and Evolution of Life

Viruses and Prokaryotes

Protists the Simplest Eukaryotes

Plants

Fungi

Animals: the Invertebrates

Animal Evolution the Chordates

Human Evolution: a Case Study

Plant Tissues

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Plant Reproduction

Plant Growth and Development

Animal Tissues and Organ Systems

Neural Control

Sensory Perception

Endocrine Control

Protection, Support, and Movement

Circulation

Immunity

Respiration

Digestion and Human Nutrition

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Animal Reproductive Systems

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Population Ecology

Community Structure and Biodiversity

Ecosystems

The Biosphere

Human Impacts on the Biosphere

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