Question 1

The changing of a business letter from shorthand to typewritten copy is analogous to

Accepted Answer

A) translation of mRNA. 
B) transcription of DNA. 
C) protein synthesis. 
D) deciphering the genetic code. 
E) replication of DNA. 
A) translation of mRNA. 
B) transcription of DNA. 
C) protein synthesis. 
D) deciphering the genetic code. 
E) replication of DNA.

Question 2

Eukaryotic ribosomes function as

Accepted Answer

A) a single unit. 
B) two-part units. 
C) three-part units. 
D) four-part units. 
E) a multidivisional unit. 
A) a single unit. 
B) two-part units. 
C) three-part units. 
D) four-part units. 
E) a multidivisional unit.

Question 3

Which of the following statements is false?

Accepted Answer

A) In chain elongation, the amino acids are added to the chain according to the codon sequence in the messenger RNA. 
B) Several ribosomes, called a polysome, can travel along the messenger RNA molecule, translating it at the same time. 
C) The general shape of transfer RNA molecules is uniform. 
D) Enzymes found in the ribosome catalyze the formation of the bonds in the new polypeptide. 
E) None of these is false. 
A) In chain elongation, the amino acids are added to the chain according to the codon sequence in the messenger RNA. 
B) Several ribosomes, called a polysome, can travel along the messenger RNA molecule, translating it at the same time. 
C) The general shape of transfer RNA molecules is uniform. 
D) Enzymes found in the ribosome catalyze the formation of the bonds in the new polypeptide. 
E) None of these is false.

Question 4

In this depiction of transcription, the __________ strand is __________ because it __________.

Accepted Answer

A) upper; RNA; is single-stranded.   
B) lower; RNA; contains uracil. 
C) lower; RNA; contains thymine. 
D) upper; RNA; has no uracil (U). 
E) lower; DNA; contains adenine (
A) . 
A) upper; RNA; is single-stranded.   
B) lower; RNA; contains uracil. 
C) lower; RNA; contains thymine. 
D) upper; RNA; has no uracil (U). 
E) lower; DNA; contains adenine (
A) .

Question 5

The DNA molecule usually is made up of how many strands?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 6 
E) 12 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 6 
E) 12

Question 6

Transcription

Accepted Answer

A) occurs on the surface of the ribosome. 
B) is the final process in the assembly of a protein. 
C) occurs during the synthesis of any type of RNA from a DNA template. 
D) is catalyzed by DNA polymerase. 
E) fits all of these descriptions. 
A) occurs on the surface of the ribosome. 
B) is the final process in the assembly of a protein. 
C) occurs during the synthesis of any type of RNA from a DNA template. 
D) is catalyzed by DNA polymerase. 
E) fits all of these descriptions.

Question 7

There are how many different kinds of RNA codons?

Accepted Answer

A) 3 
B) 12 
C) 28 
D) 64 
E) 120 
A) 3 
B) 12 
C) 28 
D) 64 
E) 120

Question 8

Which substance is found in RNA but not in DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) thymine 
B) deoxyribose 
C) uracil 
D) guanine 
E) cytosine 
A) thymine 
B) deoxyribose 
C) uracil 
D) guanine 
E) cytosine

Question 9

All the different kinds of RNA are transcribed in the

Accepted Answer

A) mitochondria. 
B) cytoplasm. 
C) ribosomes. 
D) nucleus. 
E) endoplasmic reticulum. 
A) mitochondria. 
B) cytoplasm. 
C) ribosomes. 
D) nucleus. 
E) endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 10

Frameshift mutations may involve

Accepted Answer

A) substitution of nucleotides. 
B) substitution of codons. 
C) substitution of amino acids. 
D) addition or deletion of one or more base pairs. 
E) none of these. 
A) substitution of nucleotides. 
B) substitution of codons. 
C) substitution of amino acids. 
D) addition or deletion of one or more base pairs. 
E) none of these.

Question 11

Sickle-cell anemia has been traced to what type of mutation?

Accepted Answer

A) frameshift 
B) transposable element 
C) mutagenic 
D) base-pair substitution 
E) viral 
A) frameshift 
B) transposable element 
C) mutagenic 
D) base-pair substitution 
E) viral

Question 12

Mutations can be

Accepted Answer

A) random. 
B) beneficial. 
C) lethal. 
D) heritable. 
E) all of these. 
A) random. 
B) beneficial. 
C) lethal. 
D) heritable. 
E) all of these.

Question 13

In correct order, the three stages of translation are

Accepted Answer

A) initiation, replication, and termination. 
B) elongation, peptide bond formation, and codon-anticodon pairing. 
C) initiation, elongation, and termination. 
D) termination, initiation, and replication. 
E) none of these. 
A) initiation, replication, and termination. 
B) elongation, peptide bond formation, and codon-anticodon pairing. 
C) initiation, elongation, and termination. 
D) termination, initiation, and replication. 
E) none of these.

Question 14

The synthesis of an RNA molecule from a DNA template strand is

Accepted Answer

A) replication. 
B) translation. 
C) transcription. 
D) DNA synthesis. 
E) metabolism. 
A) replication. 
B) translation. 
C) transcription. 
D) DNA synthesis. 
E) metabolism.

Question 15

Which of the following can NOT be an RNA transcript?

Accepted Answer

A) AUGCUU 
B) ATGCGT 
C) UACGCA 
D) UAGCGU 
E) GCGUUU 
A) AUGCUU 
B) ATGCGT 
C) UACGCA 
D) UAGCGU 
E) GCGUUU

Question 16

Transfer RNA differs from other types of RNA because it

Accepted Answer

A) transfers genetic instructions from cell nucleus to cytoplasm. 
B) specifies the amino acid sequence of a particular protein. 
C) carries an amino acid at one end. 
D) contains codons. 
E) does none of these. 
A) transfers genetic instructions from cell nucleus to cytoplasm. 
B) specifies the amino acid sequence of a particular protein. 
C) carries an amino acid at one end. 
D) contains codons. 
E) does none of these.

Question 17

The portion of the DNA molecule that is translated is composed of

Accepted Answer

A) introns. 
B) anticodons. 
C) exons. 
D) transcriptons. 
E) exons and transcriptons. 
A) introns. 
B) anticodons. 
C) exons. 
D) transcriptons. 
E) exons and transcriptons.

Question 18

Before messenger RNA is mature,

Accepted Answer

A) all exons are deleted and removed. 
B) a cap and a tail are provided. 
C) anticodons are assembled. 
D) the transfer RNA transfers the messenger RNA to the ribosome. 
E) the single RNA strand duplicates itself in much the same way as DNA. 
A) all exons are deleted and removed. 
B) a cap and a tail are provided. 
C) anticodons are assembled. 
D) the transfer RNA transfers the messenger RNA to the ribosome. 
E) the single RNA strand duplicates itself in much the same way as DNA.

Question 19

There are how many different kinds of RNA nucleotides?

Accepted Answer

A) 3 
B) 4 
C) 5 
D) 6 
E) 12 
A) 3 
B) 4 
C) 5 
D) 6 
E) 12

Question 20

If the DNA triplets are ATG-CGT, the mRNA codons are

Accepted Answer

A) AUG-CGU. 
B) ATG-CGT. 
C) UAC-GCA. 
D) UAG-CGU. 
E) all of these. 
A) AUG-CGU. 
B) ATG-CGT. 
C) UAC-GCA. 
D) UAG-CGU. 
E) all of these.

Exam 14: From Dna to Protein

The changing of a business letter from shorthand to typewritten copy is analogous to

Eukaryotic ribosomes function as

Which of the following statements is false?

In this depiction of transcription, the __________ strand is __________ because it __________.

The DNA molecule usually is made up of how many strands?

Transcription

There are how many different kinds of RNA codons?

Which substance is found in RNA but not in DNA?

All the different kinds of RNA are transcribed in the

Frameshift mutations may involve

Sickle-cell anemia has been traced to what type of mutation?

Mutations can be

In correct order, the three stages of translation are

The synthesis of an RNA molecule from a DNA template strand is

Which of the following can NOT be an RNA transcript?

Transfer RNA differs from other types of RNA because it

The portion of the DNA molecule that is translated is composed of

Before messenger RNA is mature,

There are how many different kinds of RNA nucleotides?

If the DNA triplets are ATG-CGT, the mRNA codons are

Invitation to Biology

Lifes Chemical Basis

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure and Function

A Closer Look at Cell Membranes

Ground Rules of Metabolism

Where It Startsphotosynthesis

Energy-Releasing Pathways

How Cells Reproduce

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Observing Patterns in Inherited Traits

Chromosomes and Human Inheritance

Dna Structure and Function

Controls Over Genes

Recombinant Dna and Genetic Engineering

The Macroevolutionary Puzzle

Emergence of Evolutionary Thought

Organizing Information About Species

The Origin and Evolution of Life

Viruses and Prokaryotes

Protists the Simplest Eukaryotes

Plants

Fungi

Animals: the Invertebrates

Animal Evolution the Chordates

Human Evolution: a Case Study

Plant Tissues

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Plant Reproduction

Plant Growth and Development

Animal Tissues and Organ Systems

Neural Control

Sensory Perception

Endocrine Control

Protection, Support, and Movement

Circulation

Immunity

Respiration

Digestion and Human Nutrition

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Animal Reproductive Systems

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Population Ecology

Community Structure and Biodiversity

Ecosystems

The Biosphere

Human Impacts on the Biosphere

Filters

In this depiction of transcription, the strand is because it __.