Question 1

The gastrocnemius muscle is located

Accepted Answer

A) in the forelimb. 
B) on the back. 
C) in the hip area. 
D) in the lower leg. 
E) in the neck. 
A) in the forelimb. 
B) on the back. 
C) in the hip area. 
D) in the lower leg. 
E) in the neck. D

Question 2

What is NOT true concerning androstenedione ("andro")?

Accepted Answer

A) It received a sales boost after Sammy Sosa admitted using the supplement in 1998 in attempting to break Major League Baseball's home-run record. 
B) It is an intermediate in the natural production of testosterone. 
C) It is an intermediate in the natural production of estrogen. 
D) Users risk liver damage 
E) The FDA ordered a halt to its distribution in 2004. 
A) It received a sales boost after Sammy Sosa admitted using the supplement in 1998 in attempting to break Major League Baseball's home-run record. 
B) It is an intermediate in the natural production of testosterone. 
C) It is an intermediate in the natural production of estrogen. 
D) Users risk liver damage 
E) The FDA ordered a halt to its distribution in 2004. A

Question 3

Muscle cells are not typical cells because

Accepted Answer

A) groups of them fuse in the embryo to form multinucleated fibers. 
B) they contain actin proteins. 
C) they contain myosin proteins. 
D) they respond to stimuli. 
E) all of these are true. 
A) groups of them fuse in the embryo to form multinucleated fibers. 
B) they contain actin proteins. 
C) they contain myosin proteins. 
D) they respond to stimuli. 
E) all of these are true. E

Question 4

Growth of long bones

Accepted Answer

A) follows the cartilage model. 
B) occurs in the middle at first, then at both ends. 
C) is characterized by bone tissue replacing calcified cartilage. 
D) is characterized by the persistence of cartilage at both ends of the bone. 
E) includes all of these. 
A) follows the cartilage model. 
B) occurs in the middle at first, then at both ends. 
C) is characterized by bone tissue replacing calcified cartilage. 
D) is characterized by the persistence of cartilage at both ends of the bone. 
E) includes all of these.

Question 5

The axial skeleton includes all EXCEPT which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) skull 
B) ribs 
C) pectoral girdle 
D) sternum 
E) vertebral column 
A) skull 
B) ribs 
C) pectoral girdle 
D) sternum 
E) vertebral column

Question 6

Which of the following is properly matched?

Accepted Answer

A) compact bone tissue; light weight 
B) spongy bone; matrix of dense concentric rings 
C) red marrow; mostly fat 
D) yellow marrow; major site of blood cell formation 
E) none of these 
A) compact bone tissue; light weight 
B) spongy bone; matrix of dense concentric rings 
C) red marrow; mostly fat 
D) yellow marrow; major site of blood cell formation 
E) none of these

Question 7

All the following have some sort of hardened endoskeleton EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) sea stars. 
B) sea urchins 
C) fish. 
D) sea anemones. 
E) turtles. 
A) sea stars. 
B) sea urchins 
C) fish. 
D) sea anemones. 
E) turtles.

Question 8

Which of the following is properly matched?

Accepted Answer

A) osteoblasts; bone breakdown 
B) osteocytes; initial bone formation 
C) osteoclasts; initial bone formation 
D) osteoclasts; bone breakdown 
E) osteoblasts; imprisoned in bony matrix 
A) osteoblasts; bone breakdown 
B) osteocytes; initial bone formation 
C) osteoclasts; initial bone formation 
D) osteoclasts; bone breakdown 
E) osteoblasts; imprisoned in bony matrix

Question 9

Which organisms have a hydrostatic skeleton with a soft body wall?

Accepted Answer

A) earthworms 
B) spiders 
C) sponges 
D) crabs 
E) insects 
A) earthworms 
B) spiders 
C) sponges 
D) crabs 
E) insects

Question 10

During muscle contractions,

Accepted Answer

A) the sarcomeres shorten. 
B) the actin filaments slide over the myosin filaments. 
C) the actin filaments move toward the middle of the sarcomere during contraction and away on relaxation. 
D) the muscle fibers thicken. 
E) all of these occur. 
A) the sarcomeres shorten. 
B) the actin filaments slide over the myosin filaments. 
C) the actin filaments move toward the middle of the sarcomere during contraction and away on relaxation. 
D) the muscle fibers thicken. 
E) all of these occur.

Question 11

Action potentials traveling down the plasma membrane of a muscle fiber will next reach the _____.

Accepted Answer

A) plasma membrane. 
B) sarcoplasmic reticulum. 
C) cytoskeletal system. 
D) T tubules. 
E) endomembrane system. 
A) plasma membrane. 
B) sarcoplasmic reticulum. 
C) cytoskeletal system. 
D) T tubules. 
E) endomembrane system.

Question 12

During moderate but prolonged exercise, most of the energy for contraction is supplied by

Accepted Answer

A) creatine phosphate. 
B) aerobic respiration. 
C) anaerobic respiration. 
D) fermentation. 
E) glycolysis. 
A) creatine phosphate. 
B) aerobic respiration. 
C) anaerobic respiration. 
D) fermentation. 
E) glycolysis.

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of a fibrous joint?

Accepted Answer

A) skull plates 
B) humerus to the scapula 
C) leg bone connected to the hip bone 
D) teeth connected to the jaw 
E) all of these 
A) skull plates 
B) humerus to the scapula 
C) leg bone connected to the hip bone 
D) teeth connected to the jaw 
E) all of these

Question 14

The human body has close to __________ muscles.

Accepted Answer

A) 100 
B) 206 
C) 300 
D) 500 
E) 700 
A) 100 
B) 206 
C) 300 
D) 500 
E) 700

Question 15

The initial skeleton of all vertebrate embryos is made of

Accepted Answer

A) cartilage. 
B) collagen. 
C) compact bone. 
D) spongy bone. 
E) fibrous proteins. 
A) cartilage. 
B) collagen. 
C) compact bone. 
D) spongy bone. 
E) fibrous proteins.

Question 16

When a sarcomere is at rest, the myosin binding sites on actin are blocked by

Accepted Answer

A) calcium. 
B) troponin. 
C) tropomyosin. 
D) the myosin heads. 
E) ADP. 
A) calcium. 
B) troponin. 
C) tropomyosin. 
D) the myosin heads. 
E) ADP.

Question 17

Calcium promotes sarcomere contraction by binding to __________ thus __________.

Accepted Answer

A) myosin; activating it 
B) actin; activating it 
C) tropomyosin; causing troponin to move 
D) troponin; causing tropomyosin to move 
E) myosin; changing its shape 
A) myosin; activating it 
B) actin; activating it 
C) tropomyosin; causing troponin to move 
D) troponin; causing tropomyosin to move 
E) myosin; changing its shape

Question 18

Osteoclasts function in bone remodeling to

Accepted Answer

A) free mineral ions. 
B) stimulate blood cell formation. 
C) accelerate bone repair. 
D) lay down a bony matrix. 
E) do all of these. 
A) free mineral ions. 
B) stimulate blood cell formation. 
C) accelerate bone repair. 
D) lay down a bony matrix. 
E) do all of these.

Question 19

All of the following have exoskeletons EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) lobsters. 
B) spiders. 
C) insects. 
D) earthworms. 
E) centipedes. 
A) lobsters. 
B) spiders. 
C) insects. 
D) earthworms. 
E) centipedes.

Question 20

PTH (parathyroid hormone) does all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) stimulates calcium release from bones. 
B) suppresses calcium reabsorption by the kidneys. 
C) enhances osteoclast action. 
D) activates vitamin D in the gut. 
E) indirectly stimulates calcium absorption by the gut. 
A) stimulates calcium release from bones. 
B) suppresses calcium reabsorption by the kidneys. 
C) enhances osteoclast action. 
D) activates vitamin D in the gut. 
E) indirectly stimulates calcium absorption by the gut.

Exam 36: Protection, Support, and Movement

The gastrocnemius muscle is located

What is NOT true concerning androstenedione ("andro")?

Muscle cells are not typical cells because

Growth of long bones

The axial skeleton includes all EXCEPT which of the following?

Which of the following is properly matched?

All the following have some sort of hardened endoskeleton EXCEPT

Which of the following is properly matched?

Which organisms have a hydrostatic skeleton with a soft body wall?

During muscle contractions,

Action potentials traveling down the plasma membrane of a muscle fiber will next reach the _____.

During moderate but prolonged exercise, most of the energy for contraction is supplied by

Which of the following is an example of a fibrous joint?

The human body has close to __________ muscles.

The initial skeleton of all vertebrate embryos is made of

When a sarcomere is at rest, the myosin binding sites on actin are blocked by

Calcium promotes sarcomere contraction by binding to __________ thus __________.

Osteoclasts function in bone remodeling to

All of the following have exoskeletons EXCEPT

PTH (parathyroid hormone) does all of the following EXCEPT

Invitation to Biology

Lifes Chemical Basis

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure and Function

A Closer Look at Cell Membranes

Ground Rules of Metabolism

Where It Startsphotosynthesis

Energy-Releasing Pathways

How Cells Reproduce

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Observing Patterns in Inherited Traits

Chromosomes and Human Inheritance

Dna Structure and Function

From Dna to Protein

Controls Over Genes

Recombinant Dna and Genetic Engineering

The Macroevolutionary Puzzle

Emergence of Evolutionary Thought

Organizing Information About Species

The Origin and Evolution of Life

Viruses and Prokaryotes

Protists the Simplest Eukaryotes

Plants

Fungi

Animals: the Invertebrates

Animal Evolution the Chordates

Human Evolution: a Case Study

Plant Tissues

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Plant Reproduction

Plant Growth and Development

Animal Tissues and Organ Systems

Neural Control

Sensory Perception

Endocrine Control

Circulation

Immunity

Respiration

Digestion and Human Nutrition

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Animal Reproductive Systems

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Population Ecology

Community Structure and Biodiversity

Ecosystems

The Biosphere

Human Impacts on the Biosphere

Filters

Calcium promotes sarcomere contraction by binding to thus .