Question 1

What was the key demand of the Chartist movement?

Accepted Answer

A)  Universal suffrage for all men 
B)  An eight-hour workday and a minimum wage 
C)  A ban on women and children working in the factories 
D)  The repeal of the Combination Acts 
A)  Universal suffrage for all men 
B)  An eight-hour workday and a minimum wage 
C)  A ban on women and children working in the factories 
D)  The repeal of the Combination Acts

Question 2

What was the most serious obstacle impeding industrial development in Britain in the eighteenth century?

Accepted Answer

A)  A lack of investment capital 
B)  The Napoleonic Wars 
C)  An energy shortage 
D)  A labor shortage 
A)  A lack of investment capital 
B)  The Napoleonic Wars 
C)  An energy shortage 
D)  A labor shortage

Question 3

Which of these was one of the three key factors that help explain why industrialization began in Britain first?

Accepted Answer

A)  Britain's small agricultural sector 
B)  The policies of the British government 
C)  Britain's defeat in the American Revolution 
D)  Britain's dependence on imported coal and iron 
A)  Britain's small agricultural sector 
B)  The policies of the British government 
C)  Britain's defeat in the American Revolution 
D)  Britain's dependence on imported coal and iron

Question 4

What was the aim of the Combination Acts of 1799?

Accepted Answer

A)  To prohibit monopolies in the textile industry 
B)  To prevent English companies from using loans from foreign banks 
C)  To outlaw labor unions and strikes 
D)  To make it illegal for one person to own factories in more than a single industry 
A)  To prohibit monopolies in the textile industry 
B)  To prevent English companies from using loans from foreign banks 
C)  To outlaw labor unions and strikes 
D)  To make it illegal for one person to own factories in more than a single industry

Question 5

What were working conditions like in early cotton factories?

Accepted Answer

A)  Adequate 
B)  Poor 
C)  Better than average 
D)  Excellent 
A)  Adequate 
B)  Poor 
C)  Better than average 
D)  Excellent

Question 6

Who wrote The Condition of the Working Class in England?

Accepted Answer

A)  Friedrich Engels 
B)  Karl Marx 
C)  Robert Owen 
D)  Friedrich List 
A)  Friedrich Engels 
B)  Karl Marx 
C)  Robert Owen 
D)  Friedrich List

Question 7

What was one of the earliest uses for steam engines?

Accepted Answer

A)  To pump water out of coal mines 
B)  To heat large rooms and buildings 
C)  To burn wood to produce steam 
D)  As central power sources for the new factories 
A)  To pump water out of coal mines 
B)  To heat large rooms and buildings 
C)  To burn wood to produce steam 
D)  As central power sources for the new factories

Question 8

In the English putting-out system, what did merchants do with raw materials?

Accepted Answer

A)  They sent them to colonial factories to be worked into final products. 
B)  They traded them to the Dutch for finished cloth. 
C)  They loaned them to local cottage workers who processed them at home. 
D)  They sent them to factories they owned in English villages for processing. 
A)  They sent them to colonial factories to be worked into final products. 
B)  They traded them to the Dutch for finished cloth. 
C)  They loaned them to local cottage workers who processed them at home. 
D)  They sent them to factories they owned in English villages for processing.

Question 9

Use the following to answer questions :
-steam engines

Accepted Answer

A) A term first coined in the 1830s to describe the burst of major inventions and economic expansion that took place in certain industries, such as cotton textiles and iron, between 1780 and 1850. 
B) A simple, inexpensive, hand-powered spinning machine created by James Hargreaves about 1765. 
C) A spinning machine created by Richard Arkwright that had a capacity of several hundred spindles and used waterpower; it therefore required a larger and more specialized mill-a factory. 
D) A breakthrough invention by Thomas Savery in 1698 and Thomas Newcomen in 1705 that burned coal to produce steam, which was then used to operate a pump. 
E) The name given to George Stephenson's effective locomotive that was first tested in 1829 on the Liverpool and Manchester Railway and reached a maximum speed of 35 miles per hour.
F)The location of the Great Exhibition in 1851 in London, an architectural masterpiece made entirely of glass and iron.
G)Theory proposed by English economist David Ricardo suggesting that the pressure of population growth prevents wages from rising above the subsistence level.
H)A government's way of supporting and aiding its own economy by laying high taxes on imported goods from other countries, as when the French responded to the flood of cheaper British goods in their country by imposing high tariffs on some imported products.
I)English law that led to a sharp decline in the employment of children by limiting the hours that children over age nine could work and banning employment of children younger than nine.
J)A gender division of labor with the wife at home as mother and homemaker and the husband as wage earner.
K)English law prohibiting underground work for all women and girls as well as for boys under ten.
L)Group of handicraft workers who attacked factories in northern England in 1811 and after, smashing the new machines that they believed were putting them out of work.
M)An individual's sense of class differentiation, a term introduced by Karl Marx.
N)English laws passed in 1799 that outlawed unions and strikes, favoring capitalist business owners over skilled artisans. Bitterly resented and widely disregarded by many craft guilds, the acts were repealed by Parliament in 1824. 
A) A term first coined in the 1830s to describe the burst of major inventions and economic expansion that took place in certain industries, such as cotton textiles and iron, between 1780 and 1850. 
B) A simple, inexpensive, hand-powered spinning machine created by James Hargreaves about 1765. 
C) A spinning machine created by Richard Arkwright that had a capacity of several hundred spindles and used waterpower; it therefore required a larger and more specialized mill-a factory. 
D) A breakthrough invention by Thomas Savery in 1698 and Thomas Newcomen in 1705 that burned coal to produce steam, which was then used to operate a pump. 
E) The name given to George Stephenson's effective locomotive that was first tested in 1829 on the Liverpool and Manchester Railway and reached a maximum speed of 35 miles per hour.
F)The location of the Great Exhibition in 1851 in London, an architectural masterpiece made entirely of glass and iron.
G)Theory proposed by English economist David Ricardo suggesting that the pressure of population growth prevents wages from rising above the subsistence level.
H)A government's way of supporting and aiding its own economy by laying high taxes on imported goods from other countries, as when the French responded to the flood of cheaper British goods in their country by imposing high tariffs on some imported products.
I)English law that led to a sharp decline in the employment of children by limiting the hours that children over age nine could work and banning employment of children younger than nine.
J)A gender division of labor with the wife at home as mother and homemaker and the husband as wage earner.
K)English law prohibiting underground work for all women and girls as well as for boys under ten.
L)Group of handicraft workers who attacked factories in northern England in 1811 and after, smashing the new machines that they believed were putting them out of work.
M)An individual's sense of class differentiation, a term introduced by Karl Marx.
N)English laws passed in 1799 that outlawed unions and strikes, favoring capitalist business owners over skilled artisans. Bitterly resented and widely disregarded by many craft guilds, the acts were repealed by Parliament in 1824.

Question 10

By 1830 in Britain and by 1860 in Germany and France, what had changed about leading industrialists?

Accepted Answer

A)  They were mostly from poor backgrounds and built their businesses from scratch. 
B)  They were more likely to have inherited their businesses. 
C)  They were unaware of how they differed from others financially. 
D)  They were more likely to leave their business to a daughter than in earlier times. 
A)  They were mostly from poor backgrounds and built their businesses from scratch. 
B)  They were more likely to have inherited their businesses. 
C)  They were unaware of how they differed from others financially. 
D)  They were more likely to leave their business to a daughter than in earlier times.

Question 11

In addition to the coal mines, what industries used the steam engines of James Watt?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include:
Steam engi

Question 12

Which of the following was one difference between Hargreaves's spinning jenny and Arkwright's water frame?

Accepted Answer

A)  The water frame was hand-powered. 
B)  The jenny produced thinner thread. 
C)  The water frame produced a weaker thread. 
D)  The water frame could be worked by one woman. 
A)  The water frame was hand-powered. 
B)  The jenny produced thinner thread. 
C)  The water frame produced a weaker thread. 
D)  The water frame could be worked by one woman.

Question 13

How did industrialization alter the class system of Europe?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include:
Early indu

Question 14

What did David Ricardo argue in his iron law of wages theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  That the pressure of population growth prevents wages from rising above subsistence levels 
B)  That England's industrial production could not be sustained unless wages were increased 
C)  That unions were needed to protect the income of industrial workers 
D)  That dramatic improvements needed to be made in the lives of the working-class poor 
A)  That the pressure of population growth prevents wages from rising above subsistence levels 
B)  That England's industrial production could not be sustained unless wages were increased 
C)  That unions were needed to protect the income of industrial workers 
D)  That dramatic improvements needed to be made in the lives of the working-class poor

Question 15

Which of the following was a result of the boom in agricultural production of the eighteenth century?

Accepted Answer

A)  Families began to stockpile foodstuffs for shortages. 
B)  Large numbers of people began leaving cities to move to farms. 
C)  People had more money to spend on manufactured goods. 
D)  People put more money into banks for saving. 
A)  Families began to stockpile foodstuffs for shortages. 
B)  Large numbers of people began leaving cities to move to farms. 
C)  People had more money to spend on manufactured goods. 
D)  People put more money into banks for saving.

Question 16

In eighteenth-century England, what were the first mechanized cotton-spinning machines powered by?

Accepted Answer

A)  Wood-fired steam engines 
B)  Coal-fired steam engines 
C)  Water 
D)  Draft horses on treadmills 
A)  Wood-fired steam engines 
B)  Coal-fired steam engines 
C)  Water 
D)  Draft horses on treadmills

Question 17

What did the poet William Blake think about industrialization?

Accepted Answer

A)  He celebrated the tremendous power of the new mills. 
B)  He was a harsh critic of industrial factories. 
C)  He saw the factories as the heralds of a more fair and just world. 
D)  He praised industrialization for bringing wealth to the poor. 
A)  He celebrated the tremendous power of the new mills. 
B)  He was a harsh critic of industrial factories. 
C)  He saw the factories as the heralds of a more fair and just world. 
D)  He praised industrialization for bringing wealth to the poor.

Question 18

Use the following to answer questions :
-tariff protection

Accepted Answer

A) A term first coined in the 1830s to describe the burst of major inventions and economic expansion that took place in certain industries, such as cotton textiles and iron, between 1780 and 1850. 
B) A simple, inexpensive, hand-powered spinning machine created by James Hargreaves about 1765. 
C) A spinning machine created by Richard Arkwright that had a capacity of several hundred spindles and used waterpower; it therefore required a larger and more specialized mill-a factory. 
D) A breakthrough invention by Thomas Savery in 1698 and Thomas Newcomen in 1705 that burned coal to produce steam, which was then used to operate a pump. 
E) The name given to George Stephenson's effective locomotive that was first tested in 1829 on the Liverpool and Manchester Railway and reached a maximum speed of 35 miles per hour.
F)The location of the Great Exhibition in 1851 in London, an architectural masterpiece made entirely of glass and iron.
G)Theory proposed by English economist David Ricardo suggesting that the pressure of population growth prevents wages from rising above the subsistence level.
H)A government's way of supporting and aiding its own economy by laying high taxes on imported goods from other countries, as when the French responded to the flood of cheaper British goods in their country by imposing high tariffs on some imported products.
I)English law that led to a sharp decline in the employment of children by limiting the hours that children over age nine could work and banning employment of children younger than nine.
J)A gender division of labor with the wife at home as mother and homemaker and the husband as wage earner.
K)English law prohibiting underground work for all women and girls as well as for boys under ten.
L)Group of handicraft workers who attacked factories in northern England in 1811 and after, smashing the new machines that they believed were putting them out of work.
M)An individual's sense of class differentiation, a term introduced by Karl Marx.
N)English laws passed in 1799 that outlawed unions and strikes, favoring capitalist business owners over skilled artisans. Bitterly resented and widely disregarded by many craft guilds, the acts were repealed by Parliament in 1824. 
A) A term first coined in the 1830s to describe the burst of major inventions and economic expansion that took place in certain industries, such as cotton textiles and iron, between 1780 and 1850. 
B) A simple, inexpensive, hand-powered spinning machine created by James Hargreaves about 1765. 
C) A spinning machine created by Richard Arkwright that had a capacity of several hundred spindles and used waterpower; it therefore required a larger and more specialized mill-a factory. 
D) A breakthrough invention by Thomas Savery in 1698 and Thomas Newcomen in 1705 that burned coal to produce steam, which was then used to operate a pump. 
E) The name given to George Stephenson's effective locomotive that was first tested in 1829 on the Liverpool and Manchester Railway and reached a maximum speed of 35 miles per hour.
F)The location of the Great Exhibition in 1851 in London, an architectural masterpiece made entirely of glass and iron.
G)Theory proposed by English economist David Ricardo suggesting that the pressure of population growth prevents wages from rising above the subsistence level.
H)A government's way of supporting and aiding its own economy by laying high taxes on imported goods from other countries, as when the French responded to the flood of cheaper British goods in their country by imposing high tariffs on some imported products.
I)English law that led to a sharp decline in the employment of children by limiting the hours that children over age nine could work and banning employment of children younger than nine.
J)A gender division of labor with the wife at home as mother and homemaker and the husband as wage earner.
K)English law prohibiting underground work for all women and girls as well as for boys under ten.
L)Group of handicraft workers who attacked factories in northern England in 1811 and after, smashing the new machines that they believed were putting them out of work.
M)An individual's sense of class differentiation, a term introduced by Karl Marx.
N)English laws passed in 1799 that outlawed unions and strikes, favoring capitalist business owners over skilled artisans. Bitterly resented and widely disregarded by many craft guilds, the acts were repealed by Parliament in 1824.

Question 19

Use the following to answer questions :
-Crystal Palace

Accepted Answer

A) A term first coined in the 1830s to describe the burst of major inventions and economic expansion that took place in certain industries, such as cotton textiles and iron, between 1780 and 1850. 
B) A simple, inexpensive, hand-powered spinning machine created by James Hargreaves about 1765. 
C) A spinning machine created by Richard Arkwright that had a capacity of several hundred spindles and used waterpower; it therefore required a larger and more specialized mill-a factory. 
D) A breakthrough invention by Thomas Savery in 1698 and Thomas Newcomen in 1705 that burned coal to produce steam, which was then used to operate a pump. 
E) The name given to George Stephenson's effective locomotive that was first tested in 1829 on the Liverpool and Manchester Railway and reached a maximum speed of 35 miles per hour.
F)The location of the Great Exhibition in 1851 in London, an architectural masterpiece made entirely of glass and iron.
G)Theory proposed by English economist David Ricardo suggesting that the pressure of population growth prevents wages from rising above the subsistence level.
H)A government's way of supporting and aiding its own economy by laying high taxes on imported goods from other countries, as when the French responded to the flood of cheaper British goods in their country by imposing high tariffs on some imported products.
I)English law that led to a sharp decline in the employment of children by limiting the hours that children over age nine could work and banning employment of children younger than nine.
J)A gender division of labor with the wife at home as mother and homemaker and the husband as wage earner.
K)English law prohibiting underground work for all women and girls as well as for boys under ten.
L)Group of handicraft workers who attacked factories in northern England in 1811 and after, smashing the new machines that they believed were putting them out of work.
M)An individual's sense of class differentiation, a term introduced by Karl Marx.
N)English laws passed in 1799 that outlawed unions and strikes, favoring capitalist business owners over skilled artisans. Bitterly resented and widely disregarded by many craft guilds, the acts were repealed by Parliament in 1824. 
A) A term first coined in the 1830s to describe the burst of major inventions and economic expansion that took place in certain industries, such as cotton textiles and iron, between 1780 and 1850. 
B) A simple, inexpensive, hand-powered spinning machine created by James Hargreaves about 1765. 
C) A spinning machine created by Richard Arkwright that had a capacity of several hundred spindles and used waterpower; it therefore required a larger and more specialized mill-a factory. 
D) A breakthrough invention by Thomas Savery in 1698 and Thomas Newcomen in 1705 that burned coal to produce steam, which was then used to operate a pump. 
E) The name given to George Stephenson's effective locomotive that was first tested in 1829 on the Liverpool and Manchester Railway and reached a maximum speed of 35 miles per hour.
F)The location of the Great Exhibition in 1851 in London, an architectural masterpiece made entirely of glass and iron.
G)Theory proposed by English economist David Ricardo suggesting that the pressure of population growth prevents wages from rising above the subsistence level.
H)A government's way of supporting and aiding its own economy by laying high taxes on imported goods from other countries, as when the French responded to the flood of cheaper British goods in their country by imposing high tariffs on some imported products.
I)English law that led to a sharp decline in the employment of children by limiting the hours that children over age nine could work and banning employment of children younger than nine.
J)A gender division of labor with the wife at home as mother and homemaker and the husband as wage earner.
K)English law prohibiting underground work for all women and girls as well as for boys under ten.
L)Group of handicraft workers who attacked factories in northern England in 1811 and after, smashing the new machines that they believed were putting them out of work.
M)An individual's sense of class differentiation, a term introduced by Karl Marx.
N)English laws passed in 1799 that outlawed unions and strikes, favoring capitalist business owners over skilled artisans. Bitterly resented and widely disregarded by many craft guilds, the acts were repealed by Parliament in 1824.

Question 20

Which of the following was true of transportation in the eighteenth century?

Accepted Answer

A)  No part of England was more than fifty miles from navigable water. 
B)  Shipping goods by water cost more than by land. 
C)  Italy had Europe's cheapest transportation system, thanks to the old Roman roads. 
D)  Few goods were transported more than fifty miles from where they were produced. 
A)  No part of England was more than fifty miles from navigable water. 
B)  Shipping goods by water cost more than by land. 
C)  Italy had Europe's cheapest transportation system, thanks to the old Roman roads. 
D)  Few goods were transported more than fifty miles from where they were produced.

Exam 23: The Revolution in Energy and Industry, 1760-1850

What was the key demand of the Chartist movement?

What was the most serious obstacle impeding industrial development in Britain in the eighteenth century?

Which of these was one of the three key factors that help explain why industrialization began in Britain first?

What was the aim of the Combination Acts of 1799?

What were working conditions like in early cotton factories?

Who wrote The Condition of the Working Class in England?

What was one of the earliest uses for steam engines?

In the English putting-out system, what did merchants do with raw materials?

Use the following to answer questions : -steam engines

By 1830 in Britain and by 1860 in Germany and France, what had changed about leading industrialists?

In addition to the coal mines, what industries used the steam engines of James Watt?

Which of the following was one difference between Hargreaves's spinning jenny and Arkwright's water frame?

How did industrialization alter the class system of Europe?

What did David Ricardo argue in his iron law of wages theory?

Which of the following was a result of the boom in agricultural production of the eighteenth century?

In eighteenth-century England, what were the first mechanized cotton-spinning machines powered by?

What did the poet William Blake think about industrialization?

Use the following to answer questions : -tariff protection

Use the following to answer questions : -Crystal Palace

Which of the following was true of transportation in the eighteenth century?

The Earliest Human Societies, to 2500 Bce

Complex Societies in Southwest Asia and the Nile Valley, 3800-500 Bce

The Foundation of Indian Society, to 300 Ce

Chinas Classical Age, to 221 Bce

The Greek Experience, 3500-30 Bce

The World of Rome, Ca 1000 Bce-400 Ce

East Asia and the Spread of Buddhism, 221 Bce-845 Ce

Continuity and Change in Europe and Western Asia, 250-850

The Islamic World, 600-1400

African Societies and Kingdoms, 1000 Bce-1500 Ce

The Americas, 3200 Bce-1500 Ce

Cultural Exchange in Central and Southern Asia, 300-1400

States and Cultures in East Asia, 800-1400

Europe and Western Asia in the Middle Ages, 800-1450

Europe in the Renaissance and Reformation, 1350-1600

The Acceleration of Global Contact, 1450-1600

The Islamic World Powers, 1300-1800

European Power and Expansion, 1500-1750

New Worldviews and Ways of Life, 1540-1790

Africa and the World, 1400-1800

Continuity and Change in East Asia, 1400-1800

Revolutions in the Atlantic World, 1775-1825

Ideologies of Change in Europe, 1815-1914

Africa, the Ottoman Empire, and the New Imperialism, 1800-1914

Asia and the Pacific in the Era of Imperialism, 1800-1914

The Americas in the Age of Liberalism, 1810-1917

World War and Revolution, 1914-1929

Nationalism in Asia, 1914-1939

The Great Depression and World War Ii, 1929-1945

Review

Liberalization, 1968-2000s

The Contemporary World in Historical Perspective

20th Century Global Issues and Developments

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