Question 1

Why did Egypt lose its status as the leader of the Arab world in the 1970s?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include:
Until 1977

Question 2

How did the oil embargo and the policies of OPEC affect the economic development of the United States?

Accepted Answer

Prices increased, and energy costs slowe

Question 3

How did Chinese-American relations change after 1969?

Accepted Answer

A)  They improved in limited but lasting ways. 
B)  They were transformed for the better. 
C)  War broke out between the two countries over Korea. 
D)  They soured as China grew closer to the Soviet Union. 
A)  They improved in limited but lasting ways. 
B)  They were transformed for the better. 
C)  War broke out between the two countries over Korea. 
D)  They soured as China grew closer to the Soviet Union.

Question 4

Why was Brazil especially vulnerable to the "oil shock" of 1979?

Accepted Answer

A)  It imported a particularly significant amount of oil. 
B)  It had a democratic form of government. 
C)  It had the largest foreign debt in the developing world. 
D)  It paid especially high wages, contributing to inflation. 
A)  It imported a particularly significant amount of oil. 
B)  It had a democratic form of government. 
C)  It had the largest foreign debt in the developing world. 
D)  It paid especially high wages, contributing to inflation.

Question 5

What evidence of the lingering effects of European imperialism can be seen in Map 32.1, "Abrahamic Religions in the Middle East and Surrounding Regions"?

Accepted Answer

A)  The presence of a large Christian minority in Ethiopia 
B)  The absence of the Ottoman Empire 
C)  The presence of several important port cities on the Persian Gulf 
D)  The presence of a Jewish homeland in Israel 
A)  The presence of a large Christian minority in Ethiopia 
B)  The absence of the Ottoman Empire 
C)  The presence of several important port cities on the Persian Gulf 
D)  The presence of a Jewish homeland in Israel

Question 6

Use the following to answer questions :
-détente

Accepted Answer

A) The main black nationalist organization in South Africa, led by Nelson Mandela. 
B) Economic restructuring and reform implemented by Soviet premier Mikhail Gorbachev that permitted an easing of government price controls on some goods, more independence for state enterprises, and the establishment of profit-seeking private cooperatives. 
C) The site of a Chinese student revolt in 1989 at which Communists imposed martial law and arrested, injured, or killed hundreds of students. 
D) Beginning in 1987, a prolonged campaign of civil disobedience by Palestinian youth against Israeli soldiers; the Arabic word means "shaking off." 
E) A return beginning in the 1980s to policies intended to promote free markets and the free circulation of capital across national borders.
F)An economic and political alliance of twelve European nations formed in 1993 that has since grown to include twenty-eight European nations.
G)The global recirculation by international banks of profits from the higher price of oil following the 1973 OPEC oil embargo.
H)The progressive relaxation of Cold War tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union in the late 1960s and early 1970s.
I)The system of racial segregation and discrimination that was supported by the Afrikaner government in South Africa.
J)A government headed by a council of commanders of the branches of the armed forces.
K)Soviet premier Mikhail Gorbachev's popular campaign for government transparency and more open media.
L)Policies restricting public spending, lowering import barriers, privatizing state enterprises, and deregulating markets in response to the 1980s debt crisis in Latin America.
M)A nickname from the 1970s and 1980s used to describe what some considered the unfair relationship between Japan's business world and government.
N)Led by Lech Walęsa, an independent Polish trade union organized in 1980 that worked for the rights of workers and political reform.
O)A cartel formed in 1960 by oil-exporting countries designed to coordinate oil production and raise prices, giving those countries greater capacity for economic development and greater leverage in world affairs. 
A) The main black nationalist organization in South Africa, led by Nelson Mandela. 
B) Economic restructuring and reform implemented by Soviet premier Mikhail Gorbachev that permitted an easing of government price controls on some goods, more independence for state enterprises, and the establishment of profit-seeking private cooperatives. 
C) The site of a Chinese student revolt in 1989 at which Communists imposed martial law and arrested, injured, or killed hundreds of students. 
D) Beginning in 1987, a prolonged campaign of civil disobedience by Palestinian youth against Israeli soldiers; the Arabic word means "shaking off." 
E) A return beginning in the 1980s to policies intended to promote free markets and the free circulation of capital across national borders.
F)An economic and political alliance of twelve European nations formed in 1993 that has since grown to include twenty-eight European nations.
G)The global recirculation by international banks of profits from the higher price of oil following the 1973 OPEC oil embargo.
H)The progressive relaxation of Cold War tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union in the late 1960s and early 1970s.
I)The system of racial segregation and discrimination that was supported by the Afrikaner government in South Africa.
J)A government headed by a council of commanders of the branches of the armed forces.
K)Soviet premier Mikhail Gorbachev's popular campaign for government transparency and more open media.
L)Policies restricting public spending, lowering import barriers, privatizing state enterprises, and deregulating markets in response to the 1980s debt crisis in Latin America.
M)A nickname from the 1970s and 1980s used to describe what some considered the unfair relationship between Japan's business world and government.
N)Led by Lech Walęsa, an independent Polish trade union organized in 1980 that worked for the rights of workers and political reform.
O)A cartel formed in 1960 by oil-exporting countries designed to coordinate oil production and raise prices, giving those countries greater capacity for economic development and greater leverage in world affairs.

Question 7

How did the BJP change Indian politics in 1998?

Accepted Answer

A)  They came to power, strengthening Hindu nationalism. 
B)  They provoked a war with Pakistan. 
C)  They urged India to strengthen Commonwealth ties. 
D)  They demanded an end to Indian democracy. 
A)  They came to power, strengthening Hindu nationalism. 
B)  They provoked a war with Pakistan. 
C)  They urged India to strengthen Commonwealth ties. 
D)  They demanded an end to Indian democracy.

Question 8

Why was there so much violence in Central America during the Cold War?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include:
Central Am

Question 9

Use the following to answer questions :
-"Japan, Inc."

Accepted Answer

A) The main black nationalist organization in South Africa, led by Nelson Mandela. 
B) Economic restructuring and reform implemented by Soviet premier Mikhail Gorbachev that permitted an easing of government price controls on some goods, more independence for state enterprises, and the establishment of profit-seeking private cooperatives. 
C) The site of a Chinese student revolt in 1989 at which Communists imposed martial law and arrested, injured, or killed hundreds of students. 
D) Beginning in 1987, a prolonged campaign of civil disobedience by Palestinian youth against Israeli soldiers; the Arabic word means "shaking off." 
E) A return beginning in the 1980s to policies intended to promote free markets and the free circulation of capital across national borders.
F)An economic and political alliance of twelve European nations formed in 1993 that has since grown to include twenty-eight European nations.
G)The global recirculation by international banks of profits from the higher price of oil following the 1973 OPEC oil embargo.
H)The progressive relaxation of Cold War tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union in the late 1960s and early 1970s.
I)The system of racial segregation and discrimination that was supported by the Afrikaner government in South Africa.
J)A government headed by a council of commanders of the branches of the armed forces.
K)Soviet premier Mikhail Gorbachev's popular campaign for government transparency and more open media.
L)Policies restricting public spending, lowering import barriers, privatizing state enterprises, and deregulating markets in response to the 1980s debt crisis in Latin America.
M)A nickname from the 1970s and 1980s used to describe what some considered the unfair relationship between Japan's business world and government.
N)Led by Lech Walęsa, an independent Polish trade union organized in 1980 that worked for the rights of workers and political reform.
O)A cartel formed in 1960 by oil-exporting countries designed to coordinate oil production and raise prices, giving those countries greater capacity for economic development and greater leverage in world affairs. 
A) The main black nationalist organization in South Africa, led by Nelson Mandela. 
B) Economic restructuring and reform implemented by Soviet premier Mikhail Gorbachev that permitted an easing of government price controls on some goods, more independence for state enterprises, and the establishment of profit-seeking private cooperatives. 
C) The site of a Chinese student revolt in 1989 at which Communists imposed martial law and arrested, injured, or killed hundreds of students. 
D) Beginning in 1987, a prolonged campaign of civil disobedience by Palestinian youth against Israeli soldiers; the Arabic word means "shaking off." 
E) A return beginning in the 1980s to policies intended to promote free markets and the free circulation of capital across national borders.
F)An economic and political alliance of twelve European nations formed in 1993 that has since grown to include twenty-eight European nations.
G)The global recirculation by international banks of profits from the higher price of oil following the 1973 OPEC oil embargo.
H)The progressive relaxation of Cold War tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union in the late 1960s and early 1970s.
I)The system of racial segregation and discrimination that was supported by the Afrikaner government in South Africa.
J)A government headed by a council of commanders of the branches of the armed forces.
K)Soviet premier Mikhail Gorbachev's popular campaign for government transparency and more open media.
L)Policies restricting public spending, lowering import barriers, privatizing state enterprises, and deregulating markets in response to the 1980s debt crisis in Latin America.
M)A nickname from the 1970s and 1980s used to describe what some considered the unfair relationship between Japan's business world and government.
N)Led by Lech Walęsa, an independent Polish trade union organized in 1980 that worked for the rights of workers and political reform.
O)A cartel formed in 1960 by oil-exporting countries designed to coordinate oil production and raise prices, giving those countries greater capacity for economic development and greater leverage in world affairs.

Question 10

The educated middle-class professionals pictured here are representative of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  The lack of a professional middle class in postcolonial Africa 
B)  The enormous strain that doctors are under to combat Africa's AIDS epidemic 
C)  The impact of postindependence governments on African society 
D)  The serious lack of modern medical equipment in African hospitals 
A)  The lack of a professional middle class in postcolonial Africa 
B)  The enormous strain that doctors are under to combat Africa's AIDS epidemic 
C)  The impact of postindependence governments on African society 
D)  The serious lack of modern medical equipment in African hospitals

Question 11

What characterized the long rule of Indira Gandhi in India?

Accepted Answer

A)  She worked to unite Hindus and Muslims. 
B)  She was a determined democrat. 
C)  She alternately supported and then sought to undermine democratic rule. 
D)  She opposed nearly all exercises of state power. 
A)  She worked to unite Hindus and Muslims. 
B)  She was a determined democrat. 
C)  She alternately supported and then sought to undermine democratic rule. 
D)  She opposed nearly all exercises of state power.

Question 12

Who led the protests at Tiananmen Square in 1989?

Accepted Answer

A)  Soldiers 
B)  Students 
C)  Industrial workers 
D)  Women 
A)  Soldiers 
B)  Students 
C)  Industrial workers 
D)  Women

Question 13

Collectively, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore, and South Korea were known as what?

Accepted Answer

A)  The Asian Alliance 
B)  Southeast Asia for Peace 
C)  The "Asian Tigers" 
D)  The Asian Economic Union 
A)  The Asian Alliance 
B)  Southeast Asia for Peace 
C)  The "Asian Tigers" 
D)  The Asian Economic Union

Question 14

Which of these led the OPEC cartel to impose an oil embargo in 1973?

Accepted Answer

A)  U.S. support for Israel in the Yom Kippur War 
B)  The death of Anwar Sadat, who had opposed the cartel 
C)  The Iranian revolution 
D)  Coordination with Britain, where oil had been discovered in the North Sea 
A)  U.S. support for Israel in the Yom Kippur War 
B)  The death of Anwar Sadat, who had opposed the cartel 
C)  The Iranian revolution 
D)  Coordination with Britain, where oil had been discovered in the North Sea

Question 15

What contributed to the outbreak of war between Iran and Iraq in 1980?

Accepted Answer

A)  Missionary activity by Iranian Christians 
B)  A Hezbollah takeover in Iraq 
C)  Israeli support for the Iranian regime 
D)  Shi'ite and Sunni tensions 
A)  Missionary activity by Iranian Christians 
B)  A Hezbollah takeover in Iraq 
C)  Israeli support for the Iranian regime 
D)  Shi'ite and Sunni tensions

Question 16

What happened to Benazir Bhutto in 2007 in Pakistan?

Accepted Answer

A)  She killed Osama bin Laden. 
B)  She resigned as prime minister. 
C)  She beat Perez Musharraf in an election. 
D)  She was assassinated. 
A)  She killed Osama bin Laden. 
B)  She resigned as prime minister. 
C)  She beat Perez Musharraf in an election. 
D)  She was assassinated.

Question 17

Use the following to answer questions :
-European Union (EU)

Accepted Answer

A) The main black nationalist organization in South Africa, led by Nelson Mandela. 
B) Economic restructuring and reform implemented by Soviet premier Mikhail Gorbachev that permitted an easing of government price controls on some goods, more independence for state enterprises, and the establishment of profit-seeking private cooperatives. 
C) The site of a Chinese student revolt in 1989 at which Communists imposed martial law and arrested, injured, or killed hundreds of students. 
D) Beginning in 1987, a prolonged campaign of civil disobedience by Palestinian youth against Israeli soldiers; the Arabic word means "shaking off." 
E) A return beginning in the 1980s to policies intended to promote free markets and the free circulation of capital across national borders.
F)An economic and political alliance of twelve European nations formed in 1993 that has since grown to include twenty-eight European nations.
G)The global recirculation by international banks of profits from the higher price of oil following the 1973 OPEC oil embargo.
H)The progressive relaxation of Cold War tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union in the late 1960s and early 1970s.
I)The system of racial segregation and discrimination that was supported by the Afrikaner government in South Africa.
J)A government headed by a council of commanders of the branches of the armed forces.
K)Soviet premier Mikhail Gorbachev's popular campaign for government transparency and more open media.
L)Policies restricting public spending, lowering import barriers, privatizing state enterprises, and deregulating markets in response to the 1980s debt crisis in Latin America.
M)A nickname from the 1970s and 1980s used to describe what some considered the unfair relationship between Japan's business world and government.
N)Led by Lech Walęsa, an independent Polish trade union organized in 1980 that worked for the rights of workers and political reform.
O)A cartel formed in 1960 by oil-exporting countries designed to coordinate oil production and raise prices, giving those countries greater capacity for economic development and greater leverage in world affairs. 
A) The main black nationalist organization in South Africa, led by Nelson Mandela. 
B) Economic restructuring and reform implemented by Soviet premier Mikhail Gorbachev that permitted an easing of government price controls on some goods, more independence for state enterprises, and the establishment of profit-seeking private cooperatives. 
C) The site of a Chinese student revolt in 1989 at which Communists imposed martial law and arrested, injured, or killed hundreds of students. 
D) Beginning in 1987, a prolonged campaign of civil disobedience by Palestinian youth against Israeli soldiers; the Arabic word means "shaking off." 
E) A return beginning in the 1980s to policies intended to promote free markets and the free circulation of capital across national borders.
F)An economic and political alliance of twelve European nations formed in 1993 that has since grown to include twenty-eight European nations.
G)The global recirculation by international banks of profits from the higher price of oil following the 1973 OPEC oil embargo.
H)The progressive relaxation of Cold War tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union in the late 1960s and early 1970s.
I)The system of racial segregation and discrimination that was supported by the Afrikaner government in South Africa.
J)A government headed by a council of commanders of the branches of the armed forces.
K)Soviet premier Mikhail Gorbachev's popular campaign for government transparency and more open media.
L)Policies restricting public spending, lowering import barriers, privatizing state enterprises, and deregulating markets in response to the 1980s debt crisis in Latin America.
M)A nickname from the 1970s and 1980s used to describe what some considered the unfair relationship between Japan's business world and government.
N)Led by Lech Walęsa, an independent Polish trade union organized in 1980 that worked for the rights of workers and political reform.
O)A cartel formed in 1960 by oil-exporting countries designed to coordinate oil production and raise prices, giving those countries greater capacity for economic development and greater leverage in world affairs.

Question 18

According to Map 32.4, "The European Union, 2017," beginning in what year were countries that were formerly a part of the Soviet sphere of influence granted admission to the European Union?

Accepted Answer

A)  1995 
B)  2004 
C)  2007 
D)  2013 
A)  1995 
B)  2004 
C)  2007 
D)  2013

Question 19

Why did Pakistani president Pervez Musharraf go into exile in 2008?

Accepted Answer

A)  He feared assassination. 
B)  He had been defeated in the polls and was certain he was going to be impeached. 
C)  He knew he would be forced to make reforms that he did not want. 
D)  He was forced out by a popular uprising. 
A)  He feared assassination. 
B)  He had been defeated in the polls and was certain he was going to be impeached. 
C)  He knew he would be forced to make reforms that he did not want. 
D)  He was forced out by a popular uprising.

Question 20

What characterized the global economy in the 1970s and 1980s?

Accepted Answer

A)  Deflation and recession 
B)  Hyperinflation 
C)  Stagflation and boom/bust cycles 
D)  A credit crunch 
A)  Deflation and recession 
B)  Hyperinflation 
C)  Stagflation and boom/bust cycles 
D)  A credit crunch

Exam 32: Liberalization, 1968-2000s

Why did Egypt lose its status as the leader of the Arab world in the 1970s?

How did the oil embargo and the policies of OPEC affect the economic development of the United States?

How did Chinese-American relations change after 1969?

Why was Brazil especially vulnerable to the "oil shock" of 1979?

What evidence of the lingering effects of European imperialism can be seen in Map 32.1, "Abrahamic Religions in the Middle East and Surrounding Regions"?

Use the following to answer questions : -détente

How did the BJP change Indian politics in 1998?

Why was there so much violence in Central America during the Cold War?

Use the following to answer questions : -"Japan, Inc."

The educated middle-class professionals pictured here are representative of which of the following?

What characterized the long rule of Indira Gandhi in India?

Who led the protests at Tiananmen Square in 1989?

Collectively, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore, and South Korea were known as what?

Which of these led the OPEC cartel to impose an oil embargo in 1973?

What contributed to the outbreak of war between Iran and Iraq in 1980?

What happened to Benazir Bhutto in 2007 in Pakistan?

Use the following to answer questions : -European Union (EU)

According to Map 32.4, "The European Union, 2017," beginning in what year were countries that were formerly a part of the Soviet sphere of influence granted admission to the European Union?

Why did Pakistani president Pervez Musharraf go into exile in 2008?

What characterized the global economy in the 1970s and 1980s?

The Earliest Human Societies, to 2500 Bce

Complex Societies in Southwest Asia and the Nile Valley, 3800-500 Bce

The Foundation of Indian Society, to 300 Ce

Chinas Classical Age, to 221 Bce

The Greek Experience, 3500-30 Bce

The World of Rome, Ca 1000 Bce-400 Ce

East Asia and the Spread of Buddhism, 221 Bce-845 Ce

Continuity and Change in Europe and Western Asia, 250-850

The Islamic World, 600-1400

African Societies and Kingdoms, 1000 Bce-1500 Ce

The Americas, 3200 Bce-1500 Ce

Cultural Exchange in Central and Southern Asia, 300-1400

States and Cultures in East Asia, 800-1400

Europe and Western Asia in the Middle Ages, 800-1450

Europe in the Renaissance and Reformation, 1350-1600

The Acceleration of Global Contact, 1450-1600

The Islamic World Powers, 1300-1800

European Power and Expansion, 1500-1750

New Worldviews and Ways of Life, 1540-1790

Africa and the World, 1400-1800

Continuity and Change in East Asia, 1400-1800

Revolutions in the Atlantic World, 1775-1825

The Revolution in Energy and Industry, 1760-1850

Ideologies of Change in Europe, 1815-1914

Africa, the Ottoman Empire, and the New Imperialism, 1800-1914

Asia and the Pacific in the Era of Imperialism, 1800-1914

The Americas in the Age of Liberalism, 1810-1917

World War and Revolution, 1914-1929

Nationalism in Asia, 1914-1939

The Great Depression and World War Ii, 1929-1945

Review

The Contemporary World in Historical Perspective

20th Century Global Issues and Developments

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