Question 1

Arteriosclerosis is characterized by

Accepted Answer

A)  a thickening of the tunica adventitia. 
B)  increased elasticity of the tunica media. 
C)  decreased resistance to blood flow. 
D)  an enlargement of the lumen of the vessel. 
E)  Both "thickening of the tunica intima" and "loss of elasticity in the tunica media" are correct. 
A)  a thickening of the tunica adventitia. 
B)  increased elasticity of the tunica media. 
C)  decreased resistance to blood flow. 
D)  an enlargement of the lumen of the vessel. 
E)  Both "thickening of the tunica intima" and "loss of elasticity in the tunica media" are correct.

Question 2

Which of the following acts as a storage area for blood?

Accepted Answer

A)  Aorta 
B)  Veins 
C)  Capillaries 
D)  Arterioles 
E)  Arteries 
A)  Aorta 
B)  Veins 
C)  Capillaries 
D)  Arterioles 
E)  Arteries

Question 3

Which type of vessel has the greatest compliance?

Accepted Answer

A)  Arteries 
B)  Veins 
C)  Arterioles 
D)  Capillaries 
A)  Arteries 
B)  Veins 
C)  Arterioles 
D)  Capillaries

Question 4

Which of the following best explains the drop in blood pressure that occurs when one goes from lying down to standing up?

Accepted Answer

A)  The heart rate decreases. This is due to the baroreceptor reflex reducing sympathetic output to the SA node. 
B)  An increase in afterload causes a drop in stroke volume, cardiac output, and blood pressure. 
C)  An increase in preload causes a drop in stroke volume, cardiac output, and blood pressure. 
D)  Venous compliance allows blood to pool in the legs, decreasing venous return. This causes a drop in cardiac output and blood pressure. 
A)  The heart rate decreases. This is due to the baroreceptor reflex reducing sympathetic output to the SA node. 
B)  An increase in afterload causes a drop in stroke volume, cardiac output, and blood pressure. 
C)  An increase in preload causes a drop in stroke volume, cardiac output, and blood pressure. 
D)  Venous compliance allows blood to pool in the legs, decreasing venous return. This causes a drop in cardiac output and blood pressure.

Question 5

Arteriosclerosis results in decreased compliance, which in turn causes the pulse pressure to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  increase 
B)  decrease 
C)  increase, then decrease 
D)  decrease, then increase 
E)  remain the same 
A)  increase 
B)  decrease 
C)  increase, then decrease 
D)  decrease, then increase 
E)  remain the same

Question 6

According to the Laplace's law, as the diameter of a blood vessel increases, the force applied to the wall of that vessel ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  increases 
B)  decreases 
C)  increases, then decreases 
D)  remains the same 
E)  None of the choices are correct. 
A)  increases 
B)  decreases 
C)  increases, then decreases 
D)  remains the same 
E)  None of the choices are correct.

Question 7

What do the left common carotid, brachiocephalic artery, and left subclavian all have in common?

Accepted Answer

A)  They all are found in the abdominal cavity. 
B)  They all carry blood to the head. 
C)  They are all coronary vessels. 
D)  They all branch from the aortic arch. 
A)  They all are found in the abdominal cavity. 
B)  They all carry blood to the head. 
C)  They are all coronary vessels. 
D)  They all branch from the aortic arch.

Question 8

The pelvic area is supplied with blood from the ________ arteries.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The pelvic area is supplied with blood...

Question 9

For the following, match the term with the best description.
-Vascular compliance

Accepted Answer

A) A characteristic of aging arteries 
B) Produced by turbulent blood flow 
C) Blood flow is directly proportional to pressure differences and inversely proportional to resistance 
D) As pressure in a vessel decreases, the force holding it open decreases, and the vessel tends to collapse 
E) A characteristic of the venous system 
A) A characteristic of aging arteries 
B) Produced by turbulent blood flow 
C) Blood flow is directly proportional to pressure differences and inversely proportional to resistance 
D) As pressure in a vessel decreases, the force holding it open decreases, and the vessel tends to collapse 
E) A characteristic of the venous system

Question 10

Which vein drains blood from the left side of the thorax and esophagus into the left brachiocephalic vein?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hemiazygos vein 
B)  Left azygos vein 
C)  Internal thoracic vein 
D)  Accessory hemiazygos vein 
A)  Hemiazygos vein 
B)  Left azygos vein 
C)  Internal thoracic vein 
D)  Accessory hemiazygos vein

Question 11

Atherosclerosis is the

Accepted Answer

A)  hypertrophy of the tunica intima. 
B)  stretching of arterial walls. 
C)  inflammation of veins. 
D)  deposition of plaques in arterial walls. 
A)  hypertrophy of the tunica intima. 
B)  stretching of arterial walls. 
C)  inflammation of veins. 
D)  deposition of plaques in arterial walls.

Question 12

The azygos vein drains blood from the ________ into the superior vena cava.

Accepted Answer

A)  head 
B)  upper arm 
C)  kidneys 
D)  thorax 
E)  abdominal wall 
A)  head 
B)  upper arm 
C)  kidneys 
D)  thorax 
E)  abdominal wall

Question 13

For the following, match the term with the best description.
-Arteriosclerosis

Accepted Answer

A) A characteristic of aging arteries 
B) Produced by turbulent blood flow 
C) Blood flow is directly proportional to pressure differences and inversely proportional to resistance 
D) As pressure in a vessel decreases, the force holding it open decreases, and the vessel tends to collapse 
E) A characteristic of the venous system 
A) A characteristic of aging arteries 
B) Produced by turbulent blood flow 
C) Blood flow is directly proportional to pressure differences and inversely proportional to resistance 
D) As pressure in a vessel decreases, the force holding it open decreases, and the vessel tends to collapse 
E) A characteristic of the venous system

Question 14

Which type of capillary has the largest diameter?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sinusoids 
B)  Continuous capillaries 
C)  Sinusoidal capillaries 
D)  Venous sinuses 
E)  Fenestrated capillaries 
A)  Sinusoids 
B)  Continuous capillaries 
C)  Sinusoidal capillaries 
D)  Venous sinuses 
E)  Fenestrated capillaries

Question 15

Match the term with the appropriate description.
-Thrombosis

Accepted Answer

A) Dead tissue 
B) A floating clot 
C) Sudden decreased blood supply to a part of the brain 
D) A stationary clot 
E) A localized area of dead cells resulting from ischemia 
A) Dead tissue 
B) A floating clot 
C) Sudden decreased blood supply to a part of the brain 
D) A stationary clot 
E) A localized area of dead cells resulting from ischemia

Question 16

Which of the following best describes arteries?

Accepted Answer

A)  Strong, rigid vessels that carry blood under high pressure 
B)  Thin, elastic vessels that transport blood under low pressure 
C)  Elastic vessels that connect arterioles and venules 
D)  Fragile vessels that are prone to rupture 
E)  Strong, elastic vessels that carry blood under high pressure 
A)  Strong, rigid vessels that carry blood under high pressure 
B)  Thin, elastic vessels that transport blood under low pressure 
C)  Elastic vessels that connect arterioles and venules 
D)  Fragile vessels that are prone to rupture 
E)  Strong, elastic vessels that carry blood under high pressure

Question 17

A force that causes the movement of fluid out of the capillary is

Accepted Answer

A)  blood pressure. 
B)  positive interstitial pressure. 
C)  blood colloid osmotic pressure. 
D)  critical closing pressure. 
E)  lymph pressure. 
A)  blood pressure. 
B)  positive interstitial pressure. 
C)  blood colloid osmotic pressure. 
D)  critical closing pressure. 
E)  lymph pressure.

Question 18

When the blood pressure of a vessel drops below the critical closing pressure for that vessel,

Accepted Answer

A)  there is hypertension. 
B)  there is an increase in blood flow. 
C)  there is an increase in peripheral resistance. 
D)  the vessel collapses. 
E)  the vessel expands. 
A)  there is hypertension. 
B)  there is an increase in blood flow. 
C)  there is an increase in peripheral resistance. 
D)  the vessel collapses. 
E)  the vessel expands.

Question 19

According to Poiseuille's law, a small decrease in the diameter of a vessel will

Accepted Answer

A)  dramatically decrease blood flow. 
B)  slightly decrease blood flow. 
C)  not affect blood flow. 
D)  slightly increase blood flow. 
E)  dramatically increase blood flow. 
A)  dramatically decrease blood flow. 
B)  slightly decrease blood flow. 
C)  not affect blood flow. 
D)  slightly increase blood flow. 
E)  dramatically increase blood flow.

Question 20

Which type of capillaries have large fenestrae and are found in endocrine glands?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sinusoidal capillaries 
B)  Continuous capillaries 
C)  Fenestrated capillaries 
D)  Sinusoids 
A)  Sinusoidal capillaries 
B)  Continuous capillaries 
C)  Fenestrated capillaries 
D)  Sinusoids

Exam 21: Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Arteriosclerosis is characterized by

Which of the following acts as a storage area for blood?

Which type of vessel has the greatest compliance?

Which of the following best explains the drop in blood pressure that occurs when one goes from lying down to standing up?

Arteriosclerosis results in decreased compliance, which in turn causes the pulse pressure to ________.

According to the Laplace's law, as the diameter of a blood vessel increases, the force applied to the wall of that vessel ________.

What do the left common carotid, brachiocephalic artery, and left subclavian all have in common?

The pelvic area is supplied with blood from the ________ arteries.

For the following, match the term with the best description. -Vascular compliance

Which vein drains blood from the left side of the thorax and esophagus into the left brachiocephalic vein?

Atherosclerosis is the

The azygos vein drains blood from the ________ into the superior vena cava.

For the following, match the term with the best description. -Arteriosclerosis

Which type of capillary has the largest diameter?

Match the term with the appropriate description. -Thrombosis

Which of the following best describes arteries?

A force that causes the movement of fluid out of the capillary is

When the blood pressure of a vessel drops below the critical closing pressure for that vessel,

According to Poiseuille's law, a small decrease in the diameter of a vessel will

Which type of capillaries have large fenestrae and are found in endocrine glands?

The Human Organism

The Chemical Basis of Life

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joint and Movement

Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Endocrine Glands

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Temperature Regulation

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

Reproductive System

Development, Growth, Aging, and Genetics

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