Question 1

Which of the following is a manifestation of a simple closed pneumothorax?

Accepted Answer

A)  Decreased respiratory rate 
B)  Tracheal deviation toward the unaffected lung 
C)  Asymmetrical chest movements 
D)  Increased breath sounds on the affected side 
A)  Decreased respiratory rate 
B)  Tracheal deviation toward the unaffected lung 
C)  Asymmetrical chest movements 
D)  Increased breath sounds on the affected side

Question 2

Orthopnea is:

Accepted Answer

A)  very deep, rapid respirations. 
B)  difficulty breathing when lying down. 
C)  waking up suddenly, coughing, and struggling for breath. 
D)  noisy breathing with stridor or rhonchi. 
A)  very deep, rapid respirations. 
B)  difficulty breathing when lying down. 
C)  waking up suddenly, coughing, and struggling for breath. 
D)  noisy breathing with stridor or rhonchi.

Question 3

How is primary tuberculosis identified?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cavitation in the lungs and spread of the microbe to other organs 
B)  Persistent productive cough, low-grade fever, and fatigue 
C)  Caseation necrosis and formation of a tubercle in the lungs 
D)  Multiple granulomas in the lungs and rapid spread of the microbe 
A)  Cavitation in the lungs and spread of the microbe to other organs 
B)  Persistent productive cough, low-grade fever, and fatigue 
C)  Caseation necrosis and formation of a tubercle in the lungs 
D)  Multiple granulomas in the lungs and rapid spread of the microbe

Question 4

What does the term hemoptysis refer to?

Accepted Answer

A)  Thick, dark red sputum associated with pneumococcal infection 
B)  Reddish-brown granular blood found in vomitus 
C)  Bright red streaks of blood in frothy sputum 
D)  Bloody exudate in the pleural cavity 
A)  Thick, dark red sputum associated with pneumococcal infection 
B)  Reddish-brown granular blood found in vomitus 
C)  Bright red streaks of blood in frothy sputum 
D)  Bloody exudate in the pleural cavity

Question 5

Which of the following is typical of chronic bronchitis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Decreased activity of the mucous glands 
B)  Fibrosis of the bronchial wall 
C)  Overinflation of bronchioles and alveoli 
D)  Formation of blebs or bullae on the lung surface 
A)  Decreased activity of the mucous glands 
B)  Fibrosis of the bronchial wall 
C)  Overinflation of bronchioles and alveoli 
D)  Formation of blebs or bullae on the lung surface

Question 6

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  TB bacilli are spread by oral droplet. 
B)  TB bacilli are slow-growing bacteria. 
C)  Active TB must be treated in hospital for many months. 
D)  Active TB can be prevented by good host resistance. 
A)  TB bacilli are spread by oral droplet. 
B)  TB bacilli are slow-growing bacteria. 
C)  Active TB must be treated in hospital for many months. 
D)  Active TB can be prevented by good host resistance.

Question 7

Areas in the United States that show higher rates than the national rate of TB are areas that have a high incidence of:

Accepted Answer

A)  HIV and homelessness. 
B)  obesity and tobacco use. 
C)  elderly persons and radon. 
D)  steroid use and alcoholism. 
A)  HIV and homelessness. 
B)  obesity and tobacco use. 
C)  elderly persons and radon. 
D)  steroid use and alcoholism.

Question 8

Which of the following is a significant early sign of bronchogenic carcinoma in a smoker?

Accepted Answer

A)  Frequent nonproductive cough 
B)  Fever, dyspnea, generalized aching 
C)  Production of large volumes of purulent sputum 
D)  Hemoptysis and weight loss 
A)  Frequent nonproductive cough 
B)  Fever, dyspnea, generalized aching 
C)  Production of large volumes of purulent sputum 
D)  Hemoptysis and weight loss

Question 9

Which of the following is likely to cause pneumothorax or hemothorax in a patient with bronchogenic carcinoma?

Accepted Answer

A)  The tumor obstructs a major bronchus. 
B)  Compression of lung tissue by the tumor causes atelectasis. 
C)  The tumor causes inflammation and erosion of the pleural membranes. 
D)  Inflammation around the tumor causes exudate in the small bronchi. 
A)  The tumor obstructs a major bronchus. 
B)  Compression of lung tissue by the tumor causes atelectasis. 
C)  The tumor causes inflammation and erosion of the pleural membranes. 
D)  Inflammation around the tumor causes exudate in the small bronchi.

Question 10

Why does the influenza virus cause recurrent infection in individuals?

Accepted Answer

A)  Elderly patients are predisposed to secondary infections. 
B)  The virus is transmitted by numerous routes. 
C)  The virus is very difficult to destroy. 
D)  Viral mutation reduces immunity from prior infections. 
A)  Elderly patients are predisposed to secondary infections. 
B)  The virus is transmitted by numerous routes. 
C)  The virus is very difficult to destroy. 
D)  Viral mutation reduces immunity from prior infections.

Question 11

Obstruction in the upper airway is usually indicated by:

Accepted Answer

A)  stridor. 
B)  rales. 
C)  wheezing. 
D)  orthopnea. 
A)  stridor. 
B)  rales. 
C)  wheezing. 
D)  orthopnea.

Question 12

Which of the following statements describe the pathophysiology of adult respiratory distress syndrome?
1) Damage leading to increased permeability of the alveolar capillary membranes
2) Decreased surface tension in the alveoli
3) Excessive fluid and protein interstitially and in the alveoli
4) Multiple diffuse hemorrhages in the lungs

Accepted Answer

A) 1, 2 
B) 1, 3 
C) 2, 3 
D) 3, 4 
A) 1, 2 
B) 1, 3 
C) 2, 3 
D) 3, 4

Question 13

Primary atypical pneumonia (PAP) is caused by:

Accepted Answer

A)  Klebsiella oxytoca. 
B)  Candida albicans. 
C)  Mycoplasma pneumoniae. 
D)  Streptococcus pneumoniae. 
A)  Klebsiella oxytoca. 
B)  Candida albicans. 
C)  Mycoplasma pneumoniae. 
D)  Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Question 14

Rust-colored sputum in a patient with pneumonia usually indicates:

Accepted Answer

A)  secondary hemorrhage in the lungs. 
B)  Streptococcus pneumoniae is the infecting agent. 
C)  prolonged stasis of mucous secretions in the airways. 
D)  persistent coughing has damaged the mucosa in the bronchi. 
A)  secondary hemorrhage in the lungs. 
B)  Streptococcus pneumoniae is the infecting agent. 
C)  prolonged stasis of mucous secretions in the airways. 
D)  persistent coughing has damaged the mucosa in the bronchi.

Question 15

Laryngotracheobronchitis is typically manifested by:

Accepted Answer

A)  drooling and difficulty swallowing. 
B)  hoarse voice and barking cough. 
C)  sore and scratchy throat with fever. 
D)  wheezing and dyspnea. 
A)  drooling and difficulty swallowing. 
B)  hoarse voice and barking cough. 
C)  sore and scratchy throat with fever. 
D)  wheezing and dyspnea.

Question 16

Persistent thick mucus in the bronchioles of a child with cystic fibrosis may cause:
1) air trapping.
2) atelectasis.
3) repeated infections.
4) irreversible damage to lung tissue.

Accepted Answer

A) 1, 2 
B) 2, 4 
C) 1, 3, 4 
D) 1, 2, 3, 4 
A) 1, 2 
B) 2, 4 
C) 1, 3, 4 
D) 1, 2, 3, 4

Question 17

What is the cause of Legionnaires' disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mycoplasma 
B)  A fungus 
C)  A gram-negative bacterium 
D)  Pneumococcus 
A)  Mycoplasma 
B)  A fungus 
C)  A gram-negative bacterium 
D)  Pneumococcus

Question 18

What does carbaminohemoglobin refer to?

Accepted Answer

A)  Replacement of oxygen by carbon monoxide on hemoglobin molecules 
B)  Full saturation of all heme molecules by oxygen 
C)  Carbon dioxide attached to an amino group on the hemoglobin molecule 
D)  Oxygen combined with iron in the hemoglobin molecule 
A)  Replacement of oxygen by carbon monoxide on hemoglobin molecules 
B)  Full saturation of all heme molecules by oxygen 
C)  Carbon dioxide attached to an amino group on the hemoglobin molecule 
D)  Oxygen combined with iron in the hemoglobin molecule

Question 19

Which of the following activities does NOT require muscle contractions and energy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Quiet inspiration 
B)  Forced inspiration 
C)  Quiet expiration 
D)  Forced expiration 
A)  Quiet inspiration 
B)  Forced inspiration 
C)  Quiet expiration 
D)  Forced expiration

Question 20

Why does hypercalcemia occur with bronchogenic carcinoma?

Accepted Answer

A)  Invasion of the parathyroid gland by the tumor 
B)  Secretion of parathyroid or parathyroid like hormones by the tumor 
C)  Destruction of the ribs 
D)  Failure of the kidney to excrete calcium ions 
A)  Invasion of the parathyroid gland by the tumor 
B)  Secretion of parathyroid or parathyroid like hormones by the tumor 
C)  Destruction of the ribs 
D)  Failure of the kidney to excrete calcium ions

Exam 13: Respiratory System Disorders

Which of the following is a manifestation of a simple closed pneumothorax?

Orthopnea is:

How is primary tuberculosis identified?

What does the term hemoptysis refer to?

Which of the following is typical of chronic bronchitis?

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Areas in the United States that show higher rates than the national rate of TB are areas that have a high incidence of:

Which of the following is a significant early sign of bronchogenic carcinoma in a smoker?

Which of the following is likely to cause pneumothorax or hemothorax in a patient with bronchogenic carcinoma?

Why does the influenza virus cause recurrent infection in individuals?

Obstruction in the upper airway is usually indicated by:

Primary atypical pneumonia (PAP) is caused by:

Rust-colored sputum in a patient with pneumonia usually indicates:

Laryngotracheobronchitis is typically manifested by:

Persistent thick mucus in the bronchioles of a child with cystic fibrosis may cause: 1) air trapping. 2) atelectasis. 3) repeated infections. 4) irreversible damage to lung tissue.

What is the cause of Legionnaires' disease?

What does carbaminohemoglobin refer to?

Which of the following activities does NOT require muscle contractions and energy?

Why does hypercalcemia occur with bronchogenic carcinoma?

Introduction to Pathophysiology

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Imbalances

Introduction to Basic Pharmacology and Other Common Therapies

Pain

Inflammation and Healing

Infection

Immunity

Skin Disorders

Musculoskeletal Disorders

Blood and Circulatory System Disorders

Lymphatic System Disorders

Cardiovascular System Disorders

Neurological Disorders

Disorders of the Eye, Ear, and Other Sensory Organs

Endocrine System Disorders

Digestive System Disorders

Urinary System Disorders

Reproductive System Disorders

Neoplasms and Cancer

Congenital and Genetic Disorders

Complications Due to Pregnancy

Complications Due to Adolescence

Complications Due to Aging

Immobility and Associated Problems

Stress and Associated Problems

Substance Abuse and Associated Problems

Environmental Hazards and Associated Problems

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