Question 1

Lack of weight-bearing and skeletal muscle activity for a prolonged period leads to:

Accepted Answer

A)  bone demineralization. 
B)  lengthening of tendons and ligaments. 
C)  decreased skeletal muscle mass. 
D)  A and C 
A)  bone demineralization. 
B)  lengthening of tendons and ligaments. 
C)  decreased skeletal muscle mass. 
D)  A and C D

Question 2

Which of the following frequently causes decubitus ulcers?

Accepted Answer

A)  Infection by resident flora 
B)  Ischemia at pressure points 
C)  Normal degenerative changes 
D)  Allergic reaction to adhesive tape or dressings 
A)  Infection by resident flora 
B)  Ischemia at pressure points 
C)  Normal degenerative changes 
D)  Allergic reaction to adhesive tape or dressings B

Question 3

Which of the following is/are common effect(s) of prolonged immobility in children?

Accepted Answer

A)  Delayed linear growth 
B)  Contractures and deformities involving the hips, spine, legs, and feet 
C)  Skeletal muscle weakness 
D)  A, B, and C 
A)  Delayed linear growth 
B)  Contractures and deformities involving the hips, spine, legs, and feet 
C)  Skeletal muscle weakness 
D)  A, B, and C D

Question 4

Prolonged immobility may predispose to ___________ in the kidneys.

Accepted Answer

A)  urinary stasis 
B)  renal calculi 
C)  infection 
D)  All of the above 
A)  urinary stasis 
B)  renal calculi 
C)  infection 
D)  All of the above

Question 5

Bladder infections are more likely to develop in immobilized patients because of:

Accepted Answer

A)  stasis of urine in the urinary system. 
B)  development of hypocalcemia with immobility. 
C)  fluid overload in the system. 
D)  lack of neurological control of the bladder. 
A)  stasis of urine in the urinary system. 
B)  development of hypocalcemia with immobility. 
C)  fluid overload in the system. 
D)  lack of neurological control of the bladder.

Question 6

Which of the following is likely to develop when a leg is immobilized in a cast?

Accepted Answer

A)  Contracture 
B)  Muscle hypertrophy 
C)  Muscle atrophy 
D)  Increased osteoblastic activity 
A)  Contracture 
B)  Muscle hypertrophy 
C)  Muscle atrophy 
D)  Increased osteoblastic activity

Question 7

Virchow's triad refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  an anatomical structure in the kidneys. 
B)  a combination of factors affecting potential thrombus formation. 
C)  factors that predispose an individual toward urinary tract infections. 
D)  psychological factors leading to stress associated with immobility. 
A)  an anatomical structure in the kidneys. 
B)  a combination of factors affecting potential thrombus formation. 
C)  factors that predispose an individual toward urinary tract infections. 
D)  psychological factors leading to stress associated with immobility.

Question 8

Atelectasis may occur with a prolonged period of bed rest because of:

Accepted Answer

A)  reduced removal of pulmonary secretions. 
B)  increased expansion of the lower lobes of the lungs. 
C)  increased risk of aspiration in a sitting position. 
D)  loss of cough reflex. 
A)  reduced removal of pulmonary secretions. 
B)  increased expansion of the lower lobes of the lungs. 
C)  increased risk of aspiration in a sitting position. 
D)  loss of cough reflex.

Question 9

Immobility may lead to dehydration primarily as a result of:

Accepted Answer

A)  changes in hormonal secretions due to increased blood in the thorax. 
B)  destruction of the kidneys as a result of ischemia and necrosis. 
C)  blockage of the ureters, causing retention of urine. 
D)  toxins being produced by infectious microorganisms. 
A)  changes in hormonal secretions due to increased blood in the thorax. 
B)  destruction of the kidneys as a result of ischemia and necrosis. 
C)  blockage of the ureters, causing retention of urine. 
D)  toxins being produced by infectious microorganisms.

Question 10

What is a major factor predisposing to pulmonary infection in immobilized patients?

Accepted Answer

A)  Decreased activity and demand for oxygen 
B)  Increased retention of CO2 
C)  Inability to sneeze forcefully 
D)  Stasis of secretions in the lungs 
A)  Decreased activity and demand for oxygen 
B)  Increased retention of CO2 
C)  Inability to sneeze forcefully 
D)  Stasis of secretions in the lungs

Question 11

Paralysis of the lower part of the body is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  hemiplegia. 
B)  paraplegia. 
C)  quadriplegia. 
D)  None of the above 
A)  hemiplegia. 
B)  paraplegia. 
C)  quadriplegia. 
D)  None of the above

Question 12

The major problem associated with immobility and the gastrointestinal tract is:

Accepted Answer

A)  constipation. 
B)  diarrhea. 
C)  nausea. 
D)  increased rate of peristalsis. 
A)  constipation. 
B)  diarrhea. 
C)  nausea. 
D)  increased rate of peristalsis.

Question 13

Inactive muscle quickly loses strength as it becomes _____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  less elastic. 
B)  atrophied. 
C)  contracted. 
D)  spastic. 
A)  less elastic. 
B)  atrophied. 
C)  contracted. 
D)  spastic.

Question 14

Which of the following applies/apply to orthostatic hypotension associated with prolonged immobility?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sudden changes in body position from supine to upright may cause low blood pressure. 
B)  Venous return and cardiac output are decreased with immobility. 
C)  All cardiovascular reflexes are lost with prolonged immobility. 
D)  A and B 
A)  Sudden changes in body position from supine to upright may cause low blood pressure. 
B)  Venous return and cardiac output are decreased with immobility. 
C)  All cardiovascular reflexes are lost with prolonged immobility. 
D)  A and B

Question 15

What do prolonged periods of immobility frequently lead to?
1) Orthostatic hypotension
2) Increased blood pressure and increased heart rate
3) Increased risk of both thrombi and emboli
4) Rapid, deep respirations

Accepted Answer

A) 1, 2 
B) 1, 3 
C) 2, 4 
D) 3, 4 
A) 1, 2 
B) 1, 3 
C) 2, 4 
D) 3, 4

Exam 25: Immobility and Associated Problems

Lack of weight-bearing and skeletal muscle activity for a prolonged period leads to:

Which of the following frequently causes decubitus ulcers?

Which of the following is/are common effect(s) of prolonged immobility in children?

Prolonged immobility may predispose to ___________ in the kidneys.

Bladder infections are more likely to develop in immobilized patients because of:

Which of the following is likely to develop when a leg is immobilized in a cast?

Virchow's triad refers to:

Atelectasis may occur with a prolonged period of bed rest because of:

Immobility may lead to dehydration primarily as a result of:

What is a major factor predisposing to pulmonary infection in immobilized patients?

Paralysis of the lower part of the body is called:

The major problem associated with immobility and the gastrointestinal tract is:

Inactive muscle quickly loses strength as it becomes _____________.

Which of the following applies/apply to orthostatic hypotension associated with prolonged immobility?

What do prolonged periods of immobility frequently lead to? 1) Orthostatic hypotension 2) Increased blood pressure and increased heart rate 3) Increased risk of both thrombi and emboli 4) Rapid, deep respirations

Introduction to Pathophysiology

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Imbalances

Introduction to Basic Pharmacology and Other Common Therapies

Pain

Inflammation and Healing

Infection

Immunity

Skin Disorders

Musculoskeletal Disorders

Blood and Circulatory System Disorders

Lymphatic System Disorders

Cardiovascular System Disorders

Respiratory System Disorders

Neurological Disorders

Disorders of the Eye, Ear, and Other Sensory Organs

Endocrine System Disorders

Digestive System Disorders

Urinary System Disorders

Reproductive System Disorders

Neoplasms and Cancer

Congenital and Genetic Disorders

Complications Due to Pregnancy

Complications Due to Adolescence

Complications Due to Aging

Stress and Associated Problems

Substance Abuse and Associated Problems

Environmental Hazards and Associated Problems

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