Question 1

The end product of glycolysis is pyruvate.What condition inside the cell is needed to convert pyruvate to acetyl CoA for entry into the citric acid cycle?

Accepted Answer

A) sufficient oxygen 
B) anaerobic conditions 
C) yeast 
D) high CO2 
E) All of these are correct. 
A) sufficient oxygen 
B) anaerobic conditions 
C) yeast 
D) high CO2 
E) All of these are correct.

Question 2

What polymer is the principal storage form of glucose?

Accepted Answer

A) glycogen 
B) cellulose 
C) starch 
D) DNA 
E) insulin 
A) glycogen 
B) cellulose 
C) starch 
D) DNA 
E) insulin

Question 3

What substance is converted into fructose-6-phosphate by the enzyme phosphoglucoisomerase?

Accepted Answer

A) glucose-1,6-bisphosphate 
B) pyruvate 
C) lactate 
D) glycerol 
E) glucose-6-phosphate 
A) glucose-1,6-bisphosphate 
B) pyruvate 
C) lactate 
D) glycerol 
E) glucose-6-phosphate

Question 4

How many NADH are produced for each glucose molecule that enters glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 4 
D) 6 
E) 8 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 4 
D) 6 
E) 8

Question 5

The primary function of catabolic pathways is the generation of a particular substance.What is this substance?

Accepted Answer

A) O2 
B) inorganic phosphate 
C) ATP 
D) glucose 
E) AMP 
A) O2 
B) inorganic phosphate 
C) ATP 
D) glucose 
E) AMP

Question 6

Which statement concerning glycolysis is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Glycolysis is an anaerobic process that occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell. 
B) Glycolysis requires energy provided by ATP. 
C) Glycolysis is a pathway that consists of ten enzyme catalyzed reactions. 
D) Glycolysis is the final step in the process to produce energy from food. 
E) Glycolysis breaks down glucose into two pyruvate molecules. 
A) Glycolysis is an anaerobic process that occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell. 
B) Glycolysis requires energy provided by ATP. 
C) Glycolysis is a pathway that consists of ten enzyme catalyzed reactions. 
D) Glycolysis is the final step in the process to produce energy from food. 
E) Glycolysis breaks down glucose into two pyruvate molecules.

Question 7

The formation of glucose-6-phosphate from glucose in a liver cell effectively traps the glucose within the cell.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

What compound is produced during strenuous exercise, when the muscles are depleted of oxygen?

Accepted Answer

A) pyruvate 
B) NADPH 
C) lactate 
D) ethanol 
E) carbon dioxide 
A) pyruvate 
B) NADPH 
C) lactate 
D) ethanol 
E) carbon dioxide

Question 9

The last step of glycolysis is the kinase catalyzed reaction represented below.What is the identity of the missing product? phosphoenolpyruvate + ADP → ATP + ?

Accepted Answer

A) Pi 
B) AMP 
C) glucose 
D) pyruvate 
E) glycogen 
A) Pi 
B) AMP 
C) glucose 
D) pyruvate 
E) glycogen

Question 10

In the Cori Cycle, lactate produced in muscles is transported to the liver where it is converted to glucose and returned to the muscles.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

What is the first reaction in glycolysis, which traps glucose within the cell?

Accepted Answer

A) oxidation of glucose 
B) hydrolysis of glucose 
C) hydrogenation of glucose 
D) phosphorylation of glucose 
E) dehydration of glucose 
A) oxidation of glucose 
B) hydrolysis of glucose 
C) hydrogenation of glucose 
D) phosphorylation of glucose 
E) dehydration of glucose

Question 12

Digestion of carbohydrates begins in the mouth with the aid of what enzyme?

Accepted Answer

A) glucase 
B) pepsin 
C) ATP 
D) amylase 
E) NAD+ 
A) glucase 
B) pepsin 
C) ATP 
D) amylase 
E) NAD+

Question 13

The pentose phosphate pathway is an alternate pathway for glucose oxidation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Excess glucose is stored in the body as glycogen.Where are these glycogen reserves primarily found?

Accepted Answer

A) brain and red blood cells 
B) red blood cells and liver 
C) adipose tissue and brain 
D) liver and skeletal muscles 
E) kidneys and fat cells 
A) brain and red blood cells 
B) red blood cells and liver 
C) adipose tissue and brain 
D) liver and skeletal muscles 
E) kidneys and fat cells

Question 15

What is the reducing agent for the conversion of pyruvate into lactate in muscle tissue?

Accepted Answer

A) NAD+ 
B) NADPH 
C) NADH 
D) FAD 
E) FADH2 
A) NAD+ 
B) NADPH 
C) NADH 
D) FAD 
E) FADH2

Question 16

Skeletal muscle cannot contribute to blood glucose as it lacks the enzyme necessary to convert glucose-6-phosphate to glucose.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Approximately how much energy, in kilocalories, is released by one mole of ATP in the hydrolysis reaction shown below? ATP + water → ADP + Pi + energy

Accepted Answer

A) 7 
B) 15 
C) 32 
D) 700 
E) 1000 
A) 7 
B) 15 
C) 32 
D) 700 
E) 1000

Question 18

Stage I of catabolism produces the most ATP.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The hormone insulin stimulates which of the following biochemical pathways?

Accepted Answer

A) glycogenesis 
B) gluconeogenesis 
C) glycogenolysis 
D) glycolysis 
E) reoxidation of NADH 
A) glycogenesis 
B) gluconeogenesis 
C) glycogenolysis 
D) glycolysis 
E) reoxidation of NADH

Question 20

Which of the following statements concerning ATP is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) ATP is considered the universal energy currency in cells. 
B) ATP is a nucleotide triphosphate. 
C) ATP contains a phosphoester bond. 
D) ATP contains the sugar deoxyribose. 
E) The three phosphoryl groups of ATP are joined by phosphoanhydride bonds. 
A) ATP is considered the universal energy currency in cells. 
B) ATP is a nucleotide triphosphate. 
C) ATP contains a phosphoester bond. 
D) ATP contains the sugar deoxyribose. 
E) The three phosphoryl groups of ATP are joined by phosphoanhydride bonds.

Exam 21: Carbohydrate Metabolism

The end product of glycolysis is pyruvate.What condition inside the cell is needed to convert pyruvate to acetyl CoA for entry into the citric acid cycle?

What polymer is the principal storage form of glucose?

What substance is converted into fructose-6-phosphate by the enzyme phosphoglucoisomerase?

How many NADH are produced for each glucose molecule that enters glycolysis?

The primary function of catabolic pathways is the generation of a particular substance.What is this substance?

Which statement concerning glycolysis is FALSE?

The formation of glucose-6-phosphate from glucose in a liver cell effectively traps the glucose within the cell.

What compound is produced during strenuous exercise, when the muscles are depleted of oxygen?

The last step of glycolysis is the kinase catalyzed reaction represented below.What is the identity of the missing product? phosphoenolpyruvate + ADP → ATP + ?

In the Cori Cycle, lactate produced in muscles is transported to the liver where it is converted to glucose and returned to the muscles.

What is the first reaction in glycolysis, which traps glucose within the cell?

Digestion of carbohydrates begins in the mouth with the aid of what enzyme?

The pentose phosphate pathway is an alternate pathway for glucose oxidation.

Excess glucose is stored in the body as glycogen.Where are these glycogen reserves primarily found?

What is the reducing agent for the conversion of pyruvate into lactate in muscle tissue?

Skeletal muscle cannot contribute to blood glucose as it lacks the enzyme necessary to convert glucose-6-phosphate to glucose.

Approximately how much energy, in kilocalories, is released by one mole of ATP in the hydrolysis reaction shown below? ATP + water → ADP + Pi + energy

Stage I of catabolism produces the most ATP.

The hormone insulin stimulates which of the following biochemical pathways?

Which of the following statements concerning ATP is FALSE?

Chemistry:methods and Measurement

The Structure of the Atom and the Periodic Table

Structure and Properties of Ionic and Covalent Compounds

Calculations, Chemical Changes, and the Chemical Equation

States of Matter- Gases, Liquids, and Solids

Solutions

Energy, Rate and Equilibrium

Acids and Bases

The Nucleus, Radioactivity, and Nuclear Medicine

An Introduction to Organic Chemistry- the Saturated Hydrocarbons

The Unsaturated Hydrocarbons- Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatics

Alcohols, Phenols, Thiols, and Ethers

Aldehydes and Ketones

Carboxylic Acids and Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

Amines and Amides

Carbohydrates

Lipids and Their Functions in Biochemical Systems

Protein Structure and Function

Enzymes

Introduction to Molecular Genetics

Aerobic Respiration and Energy Production

Fatty Acid Metabolism

Filters

Approximately how much energy, in kilocalories, is released by one mole of ATP in the hydrolysis reaction shown below? ATP + water → ADP + P_i + energy