Question 1

Which pathway is NOT correctly identified as anabolic or catabolic?

Accepted Answer

A) The digestion of starch is a catabolic process. 
B) The synthesis of proteins from amino acids is an anabolic process. 
C) The oxidation of glucose to CO2 and H2O is a catabolic process. 
D) The formation of ADP from ATP is an anabolic process. 
E) The conversion of glycogen to glucose is a catabolic process. 
A) The digestion of starch is a catabolic process. 
B) The synthesis of proteins from amino acids is an anabolic process. 
C) The oxidation of glucose to CO2 and H2O is a catabolic process. 
D) The formation of ADP from ATP is an anabolic process. 
E) The conversion of glycogen to glucose is a catabolic process. D

Question 2

Which statement best describes how the interconversion of ATP and ADP is responsible for storing and providing energy for cellular reactions?

Accepted Answer

A) Energy is stored in ADP and released when ADP adds a phosphate group. 
B) Energy is stored in ADP and released when ATP undergoes hydrolysis. 
C) Energy is stored in ATP and released when ADP undergoes phosphorylation. 
D) Energy is stored in ATP and released when ATP undergoes hydrolysis. 
E) Energy requiring reactions of the cell drive the phosphorylation of ADP. 
A) Energy is stored in ADP and released when ADP adds a phosphate group. 
B) Energy is stored in ADP and released when ATP undergoes hydrolysis. 
C) Energy is stored in ATP and released when ADP undergoes phosphorylation. 
D) Energy is stored in ATP and released when ATP undergoes hydrolysis. 
E) Energy requiring reactions of the cell drive the phosphorylation of ADP. D

Question 3

What term describes the synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources?

Accepted Answer

A) glycolysis 
B) glycogenolysis 
C) glucosidase 
D) gluconeogenesis 
E) glycogenesis 
A) glycolysis 
B) glycogenolysis 
C) glucosidase 
D) gluconeogenesis 
E) glycogenesis D

Question 4

In glycogen synthesis, glycogen synthase catalyzes the linking of glucose units to the growing glycogen chain by the formation of α (1,4) glycosidic bonds.What is the immediate source of glucose for this reaction?

Accepted Answer

A) ATP-glucose 
B) ADP-glucose 
C) UTP-glucose 
D) UDP-glucose 
E) glucose-6-phosphate 
A) ATP-glucose 
B) ADP-glucose 
C) UTP-glucose 
D) UDP-glucose 
E) glucose-6-phosphate

Question 5

ATP is a ribonucleotide triphosphate.Which of the following correctly represents the structure of ATP?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)

Question 6

Of the several high-energy compounds produced in cells, which one is the principal energy storage compound?

Accepted Answer

A) ATP 
B) AMP 
C) glucose-6-phosphate 
D) glycerol 
E) glucose 
A) ATP 
B) AMP 
C) glucose-6-phosphate 
D) glycerol 
E) glucose

Question 7

Step 3 in glycolysis is shown below.Which of the following statements concerning this process is true?

Accepted Answer

A) The hydrolysis of ATP provides the phosphoryl group and the necessary energy for the formation of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate. 
B) The formation of fructose-1,6,-bisphosphate provides the necessary energy for the hydrolysis of ATP. 
C) The energy released in the phosphorylation of fructose-6-phosphate is stored in ADP. 
D) The phosphorylation of fructose-6-phosphate is an exergonic reaction. 
E) The phosphorylation of ADP provides the energy necessary for the formation of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate. 
A) The hydrolysis of ATP provides the phosphoryl group and the necessary energy for the formation of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate. 
B) The formation of fructose-1,6,-bisphosphate provides the necessary energy for the hydrolysis of ATP. 
C) The energy released in the phosphorylation of fructose-6-phosphate is stored in ADP. 
D) The phosphorylation of fructose-6-phosphate is an exergonic reaction. 
E) The phosphorylation of ADP provides the energy necessary for the formation of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate.

Question 8

The last step in alcohol fermentation involves the reduction of acetaldehyde and the oxidation of NADH.What is the structure of the reduction product?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D) CH3CH2OH 
E) CH3CH3 
A)    
B)    
C)    
D) CH3CH2OH 
E) CH3CH3

Question 9

What hormone is released from the pancreas in response to low blood glucose levels?

Accepted Answer

A) insulin 
B) epinephrine 
C) estrogen 
D) glucagon 
E) testosterone 
A) insulin 
B) epinephrine 
C) estrogen 
D) glucagon 
E) testosterone

Question 10

The enzyme triose phosphate isomerase catalyzes the isomerization of dihydroxyacetone phosphate.What is the product of this reaction?

Accepted Answer

A) lactate 
B) pyruvate 
C) fructose-6-bisphosphate 
D) glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate 
E) glucose-1,6-bisphosphate 
A) lactate 
B) pyruvate 
C) fructose-6-bisphosphate 
D) glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate 
E) glucose-1,6-bisphosphate

Question 11

When one molecule of glucose undergoes glycolysis followed by alcohol fermentation, what products, and how many molecules of each of them, account for the 6 carbon atoms?

Accepted Answer

A) 6 molecules of carbon dioxide and 6 molecules of water 
B) 2 molecules of ethanol and 2 molecules of carbon dioxide 
C) 1 molecule of ethanol, 3 molecules of carbon dioxide, and 3 molecules of water 
D) 6 molecules of carbon monoxide and 6 molecules of water 
E) None of the choices are correct. 
A) 6 molecules of carbon dioxide and 6 molecules of water 
B) 2 molecules of ethanol and 2 molecules of carbon dioxide 
C) 1 molecule of ethanol, 3 molecules of carbon dioxide, and 3 molecules of water 
D) 6 molecules of carbon monoxide and 6 molecules of water 
E) None of the choices are correct.

Question 12

Which enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of milk sugar?

Accepted Answer

A) lipase 
B) hydrolase 
C) lactose 
D) lactase 
E) peptase 
A) lipase 
B) hydrolase 
C) lactose 
D) lactase 
E) peptase

Question 13

Gluconeogenesis involves the production of glycogen from a noncarbohydrate source.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

What is the net yield of ATP molecules per glucose molecule undergoing glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

A) 2 
B) 4 
C) 8 
D) 16 
E) 686 
A) 2 
B) 4 
C) 8 
D) 16 
E) 686

Question 15

Which of the following is a true statement concerning the hydrolysis of ATP to form ADP?

Accepted Answer

A) Energy is released, which can drive biological processes. 
B) Water is formed because the breaking of the bond is a hydrolysis process. 
C) It is an endothermic process because of the formation of glucose-6-phosphate. 
D) Energy is stored. 
E) Hundreds of kJ/mol are released in the form of heat. 
A) Energy is released, which can drive biological processes. 
B) Water is formed because the breaking of the bond is a hydrolysis process. 
C) It is an endothermic process because of the formation of glucose-6-phosphate. 
D) Energy is stored. 
E) Hundreds of kJ/mol are released in the form of heat.

Question 16

Into what final product is glucose converted at the end of glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

A) lactate 
B) phosphoenolpyruvate 
C) starch 
D) glycogen 
E) pyruvate 
A) lactate 
B) phosphoenolpyruvate 
C) starch 
D) glycogen 
E) pyruvate

Question 17

What occurs in Stage II of catabolism?

Accepted Answer

A) Lipids are broken down into glycerol and fatty acids. 
B) Proteins are broken down into amino acids. 
C) Food molecules are oxidized to CO2, H2O, and energy for ATP synthesis. 
D) Polysaccharides are broken down to monosaccharides. 
E) The products of digestion are further broken down into smaller molecules. 
A) Lipids are broken down into glycerol and fatty acids. 
B) Proteins are broken down into amino acids. 
C) Food molecules are oxidized to CO2, H2O, and energy for ATP synthesis. 
D) Polysaccharides are broken down to monosaccharides. 
E) The products of digestion are further broken down into smaller molecules.

Question 18

The liver takes up excess lactate from the blood.Into what product is the lactate first converted?

Accepted Answer

A) glucose 
B) pyruvate 
C) oxaloacetate 
D) acetyl CoA 
E) glycogen 
A) glucose 
B) pyruvate 
C) oxaloacetate 
D) acetyl CoA 
E) glycogen

Question 19

The blood of an average 70 kg human being contains about 20 g of glucose.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Yogurt is produced by lactate fermentation by bacteria.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 21: Carbohydrate Metabolism

Which pathway is NOT correctly identified as anabolic or catabolic?

Which statement best describes how the interconversion of ATP and ADP is responsible for storing and providing energy for cellular reactions?

What term describes the synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources?

In glycogen synthesis, glycogen synthase catalyzes the linking of glucose units to the growing glycogen chain by the formation of α (1,4) glycosidic bonds.What is the immediate source of glucose for this reaction?

ATP is a ribonucleotide triphosphate.Which of the following correctly represents the structure of ATP?

Of the several high-energy compounds produced in cells, which one is the principal energy storage compound?

Step 3 in glycolysis is shown below.Which of the following statements concerning this process is true?

The last step in alcohol fermentation involves the reduction of acetaldehyde and the oxidation of NADH.What is the structure of the reduction product?

What hormone is released from the pancreas in response to low blood glucose levels?

The enzyme triose phosphate isomerase catalyzes the isomerization of dihydroxyacetone phosphate.What is the product of this reaction?

When one molecule of glucose undergoes glycolysis followed by alcohol fermentation, what products, and how many molecules of each of them, account for the 6 carbon atoms?

Which enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of milk sugar?

Gluconeogenesis involves the production of glycogen from a noncarbohydrate source.

What is the net yield of ATP molecules per glucose molecule undergoing glycolysis?

Which of the following is a true statement concerning the hydrolysis of ATP to form ADP?

Into what final product is glucose converted at the end of glycolysis?

What occurs in Stage II of catabolism?

The liver takes up excess lactate from the blood.Into what product is the lactate first converted?

The blood of an average 70 kg human being contains about 20 g of glucose.

Yogurt is produced by lactate fermentation by bacteria.

Chemistry:methods and Measurement

The Structure of the Atom and the Periodic Table

Structure and Properties of Ionic and Covalent Compounds

Calculations, Chemical Changes, and the Chemical Equation

States of Matter- Gases, Liquids, and Solids

Solutions

Energy, Rate and Equilibrium

Acids and Bases

The Nucleus, Radioactivity, and Nuclear Medicine

An Introduction to Organic Chemistry- the Saturated Hydrocarbons

The Unsaturated Hydrocarbons- Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatics

Alcohols, Phenols, Thiols, and Ethers

Aldehydes and Ketones

Carboxylic Acids and Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

Amines and Amides

Carbohydrates

Lipids and Their Functions in Biochemical Systems

Protein Structure and Function

Enzymes

Introduction to Molecular Genetics

Aerobic Respiration and Energy Production

Fatty Acid Metabolism

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