Question 1

Methyl isobutyl ketone is a ketone body.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Insulin acts only on those cells that have insulin receptor protein in their plasma membranes.What is the general name given to these cells?

Accepted Answer

A) adipocytes 
B) plasmatic cells 
C) benign cells 
D) factor cells 
E) target cells 
A) adipocytes 
B) plasmatic cells 
C) benign cells 
D) factor cells 
E) target cells

Question 3

Why must dietary triglycerides be processed before digestion begins?

Accepted Answer

A) Dietary triglycerides are large, hydrophobic molecules that must be emulsified by bile salts in order for lipases to be effective. 
B) Dietary triglycerides are more stable and undergo hydrolysis more readily when they are bound to the surface of micelles. 
C) Dietary triglycerides contain glycerol as part of their structure; glycerol is toxic to the cell and must first be removed. 
D) Dietary triglycerides are acidic molecules that must be made basic for entry into the small intestine. 
E) Dietary triglycerides are basic molecules that must be made acidic for entry into the small intestine. 
A) Dietary triglycerides are large, hydrophobic molecules that must be emulsified by bile salts in order for lipases to be effective. 
B) Dietary triglycerides are more stable and undergo hydrolysis more readily when they are bound to the surface of micelles. 
C) Dietary triglycerides contain glycerol as part of their structure; glycerol is toxic to the cell and must first be removed. 
D) Dietary triglycerides are acidic molecules that must be made basic for entry into the small intestine. 
E) Dietary triglycerides are basic molecules that must be made acidic for entry into the small intestine.

Question 4

How many acetyl CoA units can be produced from palmitic acid, a fatty acid with the formula CH3(CH2)14COOH?

Accepted Answer

A) 16 
B) 14 
C) 10 
D) 8 
E) 7 
A) 16 
B) 14 
C) 10 
D) 8 
E) 7

Question 5

Triacylglycerols and triglycerides are two names for the same type of compounds.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

What component of bile is required to form micelles of triglycerides in the duodenum?

Accepted Answer

A) lecithin 
B) cholesterol 
C) protein 
D) bile salts 
E) inorganic ions 
A) lecithin 
B) cholesterol 
C) protein 
D) bile salts 
E) inorganic ions

Question 7

NADPH serves as a reducing agent in the biosynthesis of fatty acids.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

What is the fate of the acetyl CoA units produced by β-oxidation of fatty acids when there is an immediate need for energy?

Accepted Answer

A) entry into the citric acid cycle 
B) entry into the oxidative phosphorylation pathway 
C) synthesis of triglycerides 
D) synthesis of glycogen 
E) synthesis of glucose 
A) entry into the citric acid cycle 
B) entry into the oxidative phosphorylation pathway 
C) synthesis of triglycerides 
D) synthesis of glycogen 
E) synthesis of glucose

Question 9

During fatty acid biosynthesis, to what substance are the activated intermediates bound?

Accepted Answer

A) coenzyme A 
B) acyl carrier protein 
C) VLDL 
D) ATP 
E) fatty acid synthase 
A) coenzyme A 
B) acyl carrier protein 
C) VLDL 
D) ATP 
E) fatty acid synthase

Question 10

Where in the cell are the enzymes responsible for fatty acid biosynthesis located?

Accepted Answer

A) endosomes 
B) mitochondria 
C) liposomes 
D) cytoplasm 
E) nucleus 
A) endosomes 
B) mitochondria 
C) liposomes 
D) cytoplasm 
E) nucleus

Question 11

The final step in β-oxidation of fatty acids is the release of acetoacetic acid.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

What class of plasma lipoproteins is formed in intestinal cells when triglycerides are combined with protein?

Accepted Answer

A) endoplasmic reticulum 
B) monoglycerides 
C) triglycerides 
D) chylomicrons 
E) None of the choices are correct. 
A) endoplasmic reticulum 
B) monoglycerides 
C) triglycerides 
D) chylomicrons 
E) None of the choices are correct.

Question 13

In the disease diabetes mellitus, what is the meaning and relevance of the word "mellitus"?

Accepted Answer

A) "lack of insulin," causing inability to digest sugar 
B) "sweetened with honey," due to the high amount of sugar in urine 
C) "drunken stupor," due to the state of a diabetic coma 
D) "waste away," from the starvation from the inability to digest sugar 
E) "blind," due to the common complication of diabetes 
A) "lack of insulin," causing inability to digest sugar 
B) "sweetened with honey," due to the high amount of sugar in urine 
C) "drunken stupor," due to the state of a diabetic coma 
D) "waste away," from the starvation from the inability to digest sugar 
E) "blind," due to the common complication of diabetes

Question 14

Which coenzyme form is the reducing agent for fatty acid biosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A) NAD+ 
B) NADH 
C) NADPH 
D) FADH2 
E) FAD 
A) NAD+ 
B) NADH 
C) NADPH 
D) FADH2 
E) FAD

Question 15

Biosynthesis of fatty acids takes place in the mitochondria.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

In each cycle of β-oxidation, the carbon chain of a fatty acid is shortened by two carbon atoms.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

What organ accounts for about 60% of the free glucose usage when the body is in the resting state?

Accepted Answer

A) heart 
B) brain 
C) liver 
D) muscle 
E) adipose 
A) heart 
B) brain 
C) liver 
D) muscle 
E) adipose

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a major difference between fatty acid synthesis and fatty acid degradation?

Accepted Answer

A) the location of the process 
B) the groups that carry the acetyl groups involved 
C) the enzymes involved 
D) the electron carriers 
E) the number of carbon atoms in the acetyl groups 
A) the location of the process 
B) the groups that carry the acetyl groups involved 
C) the enzymes involved 
D) the electron carriers 
E) the number of carbon atoms in the acetyl groups

Question 19

Which type of lipoprotein complex transports triglycerides made by the liver to adipose tissue?

Accepted Answer

A) chylomicrons 
B) coenzyme A 
C) adipocytes 
D) very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) 
E) triglyceride transportase complex 
A) chylomicrons 
B) coenzyme A 
C) adipocytes 
D) very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) 
E) triglyceride transportase complex

Question 20

One of insulin's effects is to inhibit biosynthesis of lipids.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 23: Fatty Acid Metabolism

Methyl isobutyl ketone is a ketone body.

Insulin acts only on those cells that have insulin receptor protein in their plasma membranes.What is the general name given to these cells?

Why must dietary triglycerides be processed before digestion begins?

How many acetyl CoA units can be produced from palmitic acid, a fatty acid with the formula CH3(CH2)14COOH?

Triacylglycerols and triglycerides are two names for the same type of compounds.

What component of bile is required to form micelles of triglycerides in the duodenum?

NADPH serves as a reducing agent in the biosynthesis of fatty acids.

What is the fate of the acetyl CoA units produced by β-oxidation of fatty acids when there is an immediate need for energy?

During fatty acid biosynthesis, to what substance are the activated intermediates bound?

Where in the cell are the enzymes responsible for fatty acid biosynthesis located?

The final step in β-oxidation of fatty acids is the release of acetoacetic acid.

What class of plasma lipoproteins is formed in intestinal cells when triglycerides are combined with protein?

In the disease diabetes mellitus, what is the meaning and relevance of the word "mellitus"?

Which coenzyme form is the reducing agent for fatty acid biosynthesis?

Biosynthesis of fatty acids takes place in the mitochondria.

In each cycle of β-oxidation, the carbon chain of a fatty acid is shortened by two carbon atoms.

What organ accounts for about 60% of the free glucose usage when the body is in the resting state?

Which of the following is NOT a major difference between fatty acid synthesis and fatty acid degradation?

Which type of lipoprotein complex transports triglycerides made by the liver to adipose tissue?

One of insulin's effects is to inhibit biosynthesis of lipids.

Chemistry:methods and Measurement

The Structure of the Atom and the Periodic Table

Structure and Properties of Ionic and Covalent Compounds

Calculations, Chemical Changes, and the Chemical Equation

States of Matter- Gases, Liquids, and Solids

Solutions

Energy, Rate and Equilibrium

Acids and Bases

The Nucleus, Radioactivity, and Nuclear Medicine

An Introduction to Organic Chemistry- the Saturated Hydrocarbons

The Unsaturated Hydrocarbons- Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatics

Alcohols, Phenols, Thiols, and Ethers

Aldehydes and Ketones

Carboxylic Acids and Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

Amines and Amides

Carbohydrates

Lipids and Their Functions in Biochemical Systems

Protein Structure and Function

Enzymes

Introduction to Molecular Genetics

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Aerobic Respiration and Energy Production

Filters

How many acetyl CoA units can be produced from palmitic acid, a fatty acid with the formula CH₃(CH₂)₁₄COOH?