Exam 11: Mothers and Infants: Nutrition Assessment, Services, and Programs

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What factors contribute to maternal and infant health?

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Genetic, environmental, and behavioral factors all affect risk and the outcome of pregnancy.

Describe three anthropometric measurements routinely taken on infants.

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Anthropometric measurements routinely obtained in the examination of infants include length, weight, and head circumference.
Length should be measured in the recumbent position on a measuring board that has a fixed headboard and a movable footboard attached at right angles to the surface. Infants should be weighed nude, using a table model beam scale that allows the infant to lie or sit. To measure head circumference, a non-stretchable tape is placed around the largest part of the infant's head and the measurement read.

List six nutritional risks in pregnancy.

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The nutritional risks in pregnancy include age 15 or under; unwanted pregnancy; many pregnancies close together; history of poor pregnancy outcome; poverty; lack of access to health care; low education level; inadequate diet; iron-deficiency anemia early in pregnancy; cigarette smoking; alcohol or other substance abuse; chronic disease requiring a special diet; underweight or overweight; insufficient or excessive weight gain; and carrying twins or triplets.

Out of the following countries, which one has the highest IMR?

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What improvements would you recommend to enhance the effectiveness of the WIC program in meeting the needs of those who are eligible to participate?

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How is financial eligibility for WIC participation determined?

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​Match the descriptions in the left column with the most closely associated terms in the right column. Options will be used only once. -​Has program of peer counseling for breastfeeding promotion

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Although iron deficiency remains a prevalent nutritional problem in infancy, it has declined in recent years, largely because of increased ____.

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Match the descriptions in the left column with the most closely associated terms in the right column. Options will be used only once. -​Powerful antibacterial agent in breast milk the helps protect the infant against infection

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Which trait of a successful leader means adhering to a high standard of honesty and has been described as the most important leadership principle?

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Genetics is probably the most significant factor affecting an infant's susceptibility to food allergies.

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List three potential barriers to participation in WIC.

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What are the unique features of the Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP)?

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Over 90 percent of all Healthy Start families are African American, Hispanic, or Native Americans.

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EPSDT is a mandatory Medicaid service administered by CMS and is a widespread and well-utilized program because it is available to many participants.

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Which program is administered by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS)?

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Breast milk contains the antibacterial agent lactoferrin,which helps protect the infant against infection.

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WIC has made only a minor contribution to reducing fetal deaths, accounting for a reduction of less than 5% in fetal mortality rates.

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Describe current infant feeding recommendations.

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Results from several cost-benefit analyses have shown that money spent on WIC services is well spent.

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