Exam 12: Fresh Water, Oceans, and Coasts

We build dams to ________________.

Water bodies where rivers flow into the oceans, mixing fresh water with saltwater, are called ________________.

An artesian well occurs when ________________.

The ʺblue-babyʺ syndrome that suffocates infants is a consequence of excess ________________ in the water supply.

Discuss the impacts of human-made pollution on ocean ecosystems.

One-fifth of Earthʹs total fresh water supply is in ________________.

Choose the item that best matches each item in the following: -Seasonal wetlands that form in early spring from snowmelt and rain and dry up as the weather warms

Data indicate that the present rate of freshwater consumption in most developed countries is ________________.

The area that underlies the shallow water bordering continents is called the ________________.

Using the Three Gorges Dam on Chinaʹs Yangtze River as an example, what are the benefits and costs associated with building dams?

Read the following scenario and answer the question below. On a September day in 1999, folks began to notice that Lake Jackson in the panhandle region of northern Florida was shrinking. Within a few days, it was almost gone. A sinkhole had opened beneath the lake and drained it, along with all of the fish and alligators. As aquifers lose water, their substrates can become weaker and less capable of supporting overlying strata and any human structures built upon them. In such cases, the land surface above may subside. Sometimes subsidence can occur locally and suddenly, in the form of sinkholes, areas where the ground gives way with little warning. Once the ground subsides, soil becomes compacted, losing the porosity that enabled it to hold water. Recharging a depleted aquifer may therefore become more difficult. -According to the Federal Emergency Management Agency, the number of human -induced sinkholes has doubled since 1930. Insurance claims increased 1200% from 1987 to 1991, costing nearly $100 million. A major reason for this is ________________.

Of the following, ________________ best describes floodplains.

Choose the item that best matches each item in the following: -The worldʹs largest known aquifer

Choose the item that best matches each item in the following: -Place where the groundwater zones of aeration and saturation meet

Oceans have absorbed approximately one-third of the excess carbon dioxide that humans have added to Earthʹs atmosphere so far. This has slowed the progression of global climate change, but it has led to ________________.

Most marine protected areas ________________.

Salt marshes are ________________ ecosystems, while mangroves are ________________.

The rapid melting of Greenlandʹs ice cap could disrupt the NADW formation by ________________.

Describe the benefits obtained by the creation of artificial wetlands.

Pathogens and waterborne diseases enter drinking water supplies from ________________.