Question 1

Scientific inquiry is based on ______________

Accepted Answer

A)  the production of technological advances 
B)  an expanding knowledge based on observation, questioning, testing and discovery 
C)  making huge leaps of knowledge with scientific insights 
D)  facts that can be proven true without experimental manipulation 
E)  designing experiments that have never been done before 
A)  the production of technological advances 
B)  an expanding knowledge based on observation, questioning, testing and discovery 
C)  making huge leaps of knowledge with scientific insights 
D)  facts that can be proven true without experimental manipulation 
E)  designing experiments that have never been done before B

Question 2

Environmental problems whose dimensions include differential exposure to risk from toxic wastes and air pollution or lack of access to the natural beauty of parks based on ethnicity or race are issues of ______________

Accepted Answer

A)  paradigm shifts 
B)  environmental justice 
C)  ecocentrism 
D)  anthropocentrism 
E)  moral relativism 
A)  paradigm shifts 
B)  environmental justice 
C)  ecocentrism 
D)  anthropocentrism 
E)  moral relativism B

Question 3

Sachiko and Fred are having a discussion about the scientific method. Sachiko makes the comment that every time she sees people carrying open umbrellas, she also sees several small car accidents. This is a(n) ______________

Accepted Answer

A)  theory about umbrellas 
B)  theory about car accidents 
C)  scientific study 
D)  hypothesis 
E)  observation 
A)  theory about umbrellas 
B)  theory about car accidents 
C)  scientific study 
D)  hypothesis 
E)  observation E

Question 4

Qualitative data ______________

Accepted Answer

A)  can be acquired in the detailed examination of personal interviews or observations 
B)  have variables that may not have been properly manipulated 
C)  are data that are expressed as numbers and tested using statistics 
D)  cannot be replicated 
E)  cannot be used to support or disprove hypotheses 
A)  can be acquired in the detailed examination of personal interviews or observations 
B)  have variables that may not have been properly manipulated 
C)  are data that are expressed as numbers and tested using statistics 
D)  cannot be replicated 
E)  cannot be used to support or disprove hypotheses

Question 5

To determine your specific impacts on the environment, you can ______________

Accepted Answer

A)  calculate your ecological footprint 
B)  calculate the biodiversity of your local community 
C)  measure the volume and type of all the wastes you contribute to the municipal waste stream 
D)  measure local air pollution and its impacts on your health 
E)  determine your current water pollution impact 
A)  calculate your ecological footprint 
B)  calculate the biodiversity of your local community 
C)  measure the volume and type of all the wastes you contribute to the municipal waste stream 
D)  measure local air pollution and its impacts on your health 
E)  determine your current water pollution impact

Question 6

In a controlled experiment, ______________

Accepted Answer

A)  you need only a single experimental organism which is tested again and again 
B)  the researcher has several hypotheses, one of which will be proven correct 
C)  the researcher knows the outcome before beginning the experiment 
D)  the researcher controls for the effects of all variables except one 
E)  the experimental organisms have all been used before and given good results 
A)  you need only a single experimental organism which is tested again and again 
B)  the researcher has several hypotheses, one of which will be proven correct 
C)  the researcher knows the outcome before beginning the experiment 
D)  the researcher controls for the effects of all variables except one 
E)  the experimental organisms have all been used before and given good results

Question 7

The best description of a sustainable system component is ______________

Accepted Answer

A)  one which is in balance with the system as a whole 
B)  one in which all species have rapidly increasing populations 
C)  a component that requires increasing amounts of materials from surrounding components 
D)  one which can appropriate increasing amounts of energy from other components 
E)  a component that does not need to interact with other components 
A)  one which is in balance with the system as a whole 
B)  one in which all species have rapidly increasing populations 
C)  a component that requires increasing amounts of materials from surrounding components 
D)  one which can appropriate increasing amounts of energy from other components 
E)  a component that does not need to interact with other components

Question 8

Read the following scenario and answer the question below.
After meeting with their instructor, Pablo and Johanna know that they need to change their experimental design. They contact a local puppy farm and arrange to do their study with 3-month-old litters of pups from four Irish setters, a total of 24 puppies, consisting of 12 females and 12 males.
-In order to have two sets of puppies, one set to be the control group and one set to be the  experimental group, Pablo and Johanna should ______________

Accepted Answer

A)  put the 12 females in one group and the 12 males in the other group 
B)  flip a coin for each dog to see which group it will be in 
C)  put six males and six females in each group, with some from each litter in each group 
D)  put all the puppies from two of the litters in one group and all of the puppies from the other two litters in the other group 
E)  randomly choose one dog for the control group and use the other 23 in the experimental group 
A)  put the 12 females in one group and the 12 males in the other group 
B)  flip a coin for each dog to see which group it will be in 
C)  put six males and six females in each group, with some from each litter in each group 
D)  put all the puppies from two of the litters in one group and all of the puppies from the other two litters in the other group 
E)  randomly choose one dog for the control group and use the other 23 in the experimental group

Question 9

Match the following:
-Widely accepted, well-tested explanation of one or more cause-and-effect relationships

Accepted Answer

A) social science 
B) prediction 
C) interdisciplinary science 
D) theory 
E) dependent variable
F)qualitative data 
A) social science 
B) prediction 
C) interdisciplinary science 
D) theory 
E) dependent variable
F)qualitative data

Question 10

Match the following:
-The variable that is manipulated

Accepted Answer

A) social science 
B) prediction 
C) interdisciplinary science 
D) theory 
E) dependent variable
F)qualitative data 
A) social science 
B) prediction 
C) interdisciplinary science 
D) theory 
E) dependent variable
F)qualitative data

Question 11

Which of the following best embodies the qualities of a scientific theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  All gases, liquids, and solids consist of atoms. 
B)  Students who study for their environmental science exams will perform better on those exams than those who do not. 
C)  Prairies that have larges herds of bison show greater plant diversity than prairies without bison. 
D)  Squirrels in central Illinois prefer to build their nests in oak trees instead of hickory trees. 
E)  Dangerous wildfires in California could be avoided by better fire prevention strategies. 
A)  All gases, liquids, and solids consist of atoms. 
B)  Students who study for their environmental science exams will perform better on those exams than those who do not. 
C)  Prairies that have larges herds of bison show greater plant diversity than prairies without bison. 
D)  Squirrels in central Illinois prefer to build their nests in oak trees instead of hickory trees. 
E)  Dangerous wildfires in California could be avoided by better fire prevention strategies.

Question 12

Ethicists who believe that the guidelines for making environmental decisions are context-specific, depending on the cultures, social issues and other factors framing the decision are ______________

Accepted Answer

A)  conservationists 
B)  following Leopoldʹs land ethic 
C)  relativists 
D)  preservationists 
E)  universalists 
A)  conservationists 
B)  following Leopoldʹs land ethic 
C)  relativists 
D)  preservationists 
E)  universalists

Question 13

Read the following scenario and answer the question below.
Pablo and Johanna have to do a yearlong study for their biology course. After some discussion, they decide to try comparing their dogs and the diet that they feed them. Each has a dog from the pound, and both dogs are less than one year old. Pablo feeds his shepherd-mix dog a special diet of wet and dry foods from the local vet, while Johanna uses generic dry kibble from the supermarket for her bulldog. They want to see which diet results in bigger, healthier, faster -growing dogs.
-The reason the instructor gives them will include the fact that they have too many ______________

Accepted Answer

A)  dependent variables and not enough independent variables 
B)  replicates and not enough variables 
C)  variables that they didnʹt control and not enough replicates 
D)  independent variables and not enough dependent variables 
E)  controlled variables and not enough uncontrolled variables 
A)  dependent variables and not enough independent variables 
B)  replicates and not enough variables 
C)  variables that they didnʹt control and not enough replicates 
D)  independent variables and not enough dependent variables 
E)  controlled variables and not enough uncontrolled variables

Question 14

A pharmaceutical company wishes to study a possible new headache medicine. They are doing human trials with 1000 volunteers and need to ______________

Accepted Answer

A)  give both control and experimental groups the same amount of the new medication 
B)  have 10 volunteers in the control group 
C)  control for the type of headachestress, migraine, or other causes 
D)  put all women in the control group and all men in the experimental group 
E)  divide the groups by level of health 
A)  give both control and experimental groups the same amount of the new medication 
B)  have 10 volunteers in the control group 
C)  control for the type of headachestress, migraine, or other causes 
D)  put all women in the control group and all men in the experimental group 
E)  divide the groups by level of health

Question 15

The scientific process and knowledge is based on ______________

Accepted Answer

A)  a systematic process of learning about and testing our understanding of the world 
B)  observation alone 
C)  the fact that all hypotheses can be proven true 
D)  guesses based our personal feelings about the subject under inquiry 
E)  quantitative data alone 
A)  a systematic process of learning about and testing our understanding of the world 
B)  observation alone 
C)  the fact that all hypotheses can be proven true 
D)  guesses based our personal feelings about the subject under inquiry 
E)  quantitative data alone

Question 16

Differentiate between environmental science and environmentalism. Define each term and explain how they are similar and how they differ.

Accepted Answer

Environmental science is the pursuit of

Question 17

Choose the item that best matches each item of the following:
-Information expressed with numbers

Accepted Answer

A) paradigm 
B) quantitative data 
C) hypothesis 
D) ecology 
E) independent variable
F)environmentalism 
A) paradigm 
B) quantitative data 
C) hypothesis 
D) ecology 
E) independent variable
F)environmentalism

Question 18

A(n) ______________ is best defined as one who considers the impacts on the whole ecosystem, both the living and non-living, when considering an action.

Accepted Answer

A)  relativist 
B)  biocentrist 
C)  anthropocentrist 
D)  ethnocentrist 
E)  ecocentrist 
A)  relativist 
B)  biocentrist 
C)  anthropocentrist 
D)  ethnocentrist 
E)  ecocentrist

Question 19

Use the figure above to answer the following question
-How many citizens of Mexico does it take to equal the ecological footprint of the average citizen of the United States?

Accepted Answer

A)  It takes about 12 Mexican citizens to equal the ecological footprint of the average U.S. citizen. 
B)  Two citizens of Mexico equal the ecological footprint of one average citizen of the United States. 
C)  It takes just over eight Mexican citizens to equal the ecological footprint of the average U.S. citizen. 
D)  They are essentially equal. 
E)  It takes nearly three Mexican citizens to equal the ecological footprint of the average U.S. citizen. 
A)  It takes about 12 Mexican citizens to equal the ecological footprint of the average U.S. citizen. 
B)  Two citizens of Mexico equal the ecological footprint of one average citizen of the United States. 
C)  It takes just over eight Mexican citizens to equal the ecological footprint of the average U.S. citizen. 
D)  They are essentially equal. 
E)  It takes nearly three Mexican citizens to equal the ecological footprint of the average U.S. citizen.

Question 20

Discuss the differences between a manipulative and a natural experiment.

Accepted Answer

In a manipulative experiment, the resear

Scientific inquiry is based on ______________

Environmental problems whose dimensions include differential exposure to risk from toxic wastes and air pollution or lack of access to the natural beauty of parks based on ethnicity or race are issues of ______________

Sachiko and Fred are having a discussion about the scientific method. Sachiko makes the comment that every time she sees people carrying open umbrellas, she also sees several small car accidents. This is a(n) ______________

Qualitative data ______________

To determine your specific impacts on the environment, you can ______________

In a controlled experiment, ______________

The best description of a sustainable system component is ______________

Match the following: -Widely accepted, well-tested explanation of one or more cause-and-effect relationships

Match the following: -The variable that is manipulated

Which of the following best embodies the qualities of a scientific theory?

Ethicists who believe that the guidelines for making environmental decisions are context-specific, depending on the cultures, social issues and other factors framing the decision are ______________

A pharmaceutical company wishes to study a possible new headache medicine. They are doing human trials with 1000 volunteers and need to ______________

The scientific process and knowledge is based on ______________

Differentiate between environmental science and environmentalism. Define each term and explain how they are similar and how they differ.

Choose the item that best matches each item of the following: -Information expressed with numbers

A(n) ______________ is best defined as one who considers the impacts on the whole ecosystem, both the living and non-living, when considering an action.

Use the figure above to answer the following question -How many citizens of Mexico does it take to equal the ecological footprint of the average citizen of the United States?

Discuss the differences between a manipulative and a natural experiment.

Environmental Systems: Matter, Energy, and Ecosystems

Evolution, Biodiversity, and Population Ecology

Species Interactions and Community Ecology

Economics, Policy, and Sustainable Development

Human Population

Soil, Agriculture, and the Future of Food

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

Forests, Forest Management, and Protected Areas

Environmental Health and Toxicology

Geology, Minerals, and Mining

Fresh Water, Oceans, and Coasts

Atmospheric Science, Air Quality, and Pollution Control

Global Climate Change

Nonrenewable Energy Sources, Their Impacts, and Energy Conservation

Renewable Energy Alternatives

Managing Our Waste

The Urban Environment: Creating Sustainable Cities

Epilogue

Filters

Exam 1: Science and Sustainability: an Introduction to Environmental Science

Scientific inquiry is based on ______________

Environmental problems whose dimensions include differential exposure to risk from toxic wastes and air pollution or lack of access to the natural beauty of parks based on ethnicity or race are issues of ______________

Sachiko and Fred are having a discussion about the scientific method. Sachiko makes the comment that every time she sees people carrying open umbrellas, she also sees several small car accidents. This is a(n) ______________

Qualitative data ______________

To determine your specific impacts on the environment, you can ______________

In a controlled experiment, ______________

The best description of a sustainable system component is ______________

Match the following: -Widely accepted, well-tested explanation of one or more cause-and-effect relationships

Match the following: -The variable that is manipulated

Which of the following best embodies the qualities of a scientific theory?

Ethicists who believe that the guidelines for making environmental decisions are context-specific, depending on the cultures, social issues and other factors framing the decision are ______________

A pharmaceutical company wishes to study a possible new headache medicine. They are doing human trials with 1000 volunteers and need to ______________

The scientific process and knowledge is based on ______________

Differentiate between environmental science and environmentalism. Define each term and explain how they are similar and how they differ.

Choose the item that best matches each item of the following: -Information expressed with numbers

A(n) ______________ is best defined as one who considers the impacts on the whole ecosystem, both the living and non-living, when considering an action.

Use the figure above to answer the following question -How many citizens of Mexico does it take to equal the ecological footprint of the average citizen of the United States?

Discuss the differences between a manipulative and a natural experiment.

Environmental Systems: Matter, Energy, and Ecosystems

Evolution, Biodiversity, and Population Ecology

Species Interactions and Community Ecology

Economics, Policy, and Sustainable Development

Human Population

Soil, Agriculture, and the Future of Food

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

Forests, Forest Management, and Protected Areas

Environmental Health and Toxicology

Geology, Minerals, and Mining

Fresh Water, Oceans, and Coasts

Atmospheric Science, Air Quality, and Pollution Control

Global Climate Change

Nonrenewable Energy Sources, Their Impacts, and Energy Conservation

Renewable Energy Alternatives

Managing Our Waste

The Urban Environment: Creating Sustainable Cities

Epilogue

Filters