Question 1

_______________ is a naturally occurring substance that is potentially toxic to people.

Accepted Answer

A) DDE 
B) Radon 
C) Carbon dioxide 
D) Bisphenol A (BP
A)  
E) PCB 
A) DDE 
B) Radon 
C) Carbon dioxide 
D) Bisphenol A (BP
A)  
E) PCB

Question 2

What are epidemiological studies,and what is their value? Are there any disadvantages to epidemiological studies?

Accepted Answer

Epidemiological studies involve large -s

Question 3

A student wants to test the toxicity of water on corn plants.After providing different amounts of water to different groups of corn plants for the duration of a growing season,the student graphed the results.The graph is most likely to look like which of the dose -response curves depicted above?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E

Question 4

The "dirty dozen" POPs targeted by the Stockholm Convention include _______________.

Accepted Answer

A) Roundup and glyphosate 
B) Dr.Pepper and Mountain Dew 
C) BPA and radon 
D) Bt toxin and isopropyl alcohol 
E) DDT and PCBs 
A) Roundup and glyphosate 
B) Dr.Pepper and Mountain Dew 
C) BPA and radon 
D) Bt toxin and isopropyl alcohol 
E) DDT and PCBs

Question 5

The European Union's experience with polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs)has shown that _______________.

Accepted Answer

A) economic factors have superseded health concerns 
B) if the toxin is removed from the environment,concentrations in human tissues fall 
C) human metabolism of these compounds could solve the problem without legislation 
D) exposure to these molecules results in birth ratios of 9 males : 1 female 
E) these molecules can be rapidly metabolized by decomposers 
A) economic factors have superseded health concerns 
B) if the toxin is removed from the environment,concentrations in human tissues fall 
C) human metabolism of these compounds could solve the problem without legislation 
D) exposure to these molecules results in birth ratios of 9 males : 1 female 
E) these molecules can be rapidly metabolized by decomposers

Question 6

Briefly explain dose -response analysis.

Accepted Answer

The dose -response analysis allows scien

Question 7

Explain how response to hazards can vary based upon individual differences and type of exposure.Give examples,where appropriate.

Accepted Answer

Different individuals may be more sensit

Question 8

List the environmental factors and chemical properties that determine the rate of degradation of toxicants.

Accepted Answer

Environmental factors such as temperatur

Question 9

Debate over the use of DDT to control malaria is likely to continue.However,over the past several decades,much has been learned about how this insecticide works,and why its extensive use poses an environmental concern.Discuss three characteristics of this chemical that cause it to be problematic.

Accepted Answer

DDT is a synthetic chemical,developed in

Question 10

Explain what endocrine disruptors are,and give examples.Explain why endocrine disruptors are a problem for humans,and discuss why they have not been banned.

Accepted Answer

Endocrine disruptors are toxicants that

Question 11

Which of the following are indoor chemical hazards?

Accepted Answer

A) BPA and PCBs 
B) wastewater toxicants 
C) DDT and DDE 
D) radon and asbestos 
E) petroleum and pesticides 
A) BPA and PCBs 
B) wastewater toxicants 
C) DDT and DDE 
D) radon and asbestos 
E) petroleum and pesticides

Question 12

Studies of endocrine disruptors have shown that they are closely associated with all of the following EXCEPT _______________

Accepted Answer

A) gonadal abnormalities 
B) thyroid hormone abnormalities 
C) erectile dysfunction 
D) lung cancer 
E) male feminization 
A) gonadal abnormalities 
B) thyroid hormone abnormalities 
C) erectile dysfunction 
D) lung cancer 
E) male feminization

Question 13

_______________ are substances that cause birth defects.

Accepted Answer

A) Allergens 
B) Vectors 
C) Teratogens 
D) Neurotoxins 
E) Carcinogens 
A) Allergens 
B) Vectors 
C) Teratogens 
D) Neurotoxins 
E) Carcinogens

Question 14

A risk manager would do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) determine the neurological effects of a new herbicide 
B) establish rules restricting the use of a new herbicide 
C) set the purchase price of a new herbicide 
D) assess the LD50 level of a new herbicide 
E) determine the level of exposure of farm workers to a new herbicide 
A) determine the neurological effects of a new herbicide 
B) establish rules restricting the use of a new herbicide 
C) set the purchase price of a new herbicide 
D) assess the LD50 level of a new herbicide 
E) determine the level of exposure of farm workers to a new herbicide

Question 15

Carcinogens may be difficult to identify because _______________.

Accepted Answer

A) there is a long lag time between exposure to the agent and disease 
B) they are the least common toxicants 
C) there is no way to measure the carcinogenic potential of a substance 
D) they are rare in nature 
E) most are invisible 
A) there is a long lag time between exposure to the agent and disease 
B) they are the least common toxicants 
C) there is no way to measure the carcinogenic potential of a substance 
D) they are rare in nature 
E) most are invisible

Question 16

The worldwide drop in sperm counts among men has been attributed to _______________.

Accepted Answer

A) endocrine disruptors 
B) teratogens 
C) allergens 
D) DDT 
E) radon 
A) endocrine disruptors 
B) teratogens 
C) allergens 
D) DDT 
E) radon

Question 17

What does the field of environmental health encompass?

Accepted Answer

The field of environmental health assess

Question 18

The first goal of the Stockholm Convention is to _______________.

Accepted Answer

A) reduce exposure to allergens and teratogens in developing countries 
B) prevent the spread of the AIDS 
C) end the use and release of 12 POPs shown to be the most dangerous 
D) reduce global warming by preventing the manufacture of HFCFs 
E) educate women about birth control in developing countries 
A) reduce exposure to allergens and teratogens in developing countries 
B) prevent the spread of the AIDS 
C) end the use and release of 12 POPs shown to be the most dangerous 
D) reduce global warming by preventing the manufacture of HFCFs 
E) educate women about birth control in developing countries

Question 19

Explain risk assessment and risk management.Discuss how risk management combines science and other social factors.

Accepted Answer

The first step in risk assessment determ

Question 20

According to a 2002 study by scientists at the National Water -Quality Assessment Program (NAWQA), _______________ % of U.S.streams contain traces of wastewater contaminants.

Accepted Answer

A) less than 1 
B) 100 
C) 50 
D) 10 
E) 80 
A) less than 1 
B) 100 
C) 50 
D) 10 
E) 80

Exam 14: Environmental Health and Toxicology

_______________ is a naturally occurring substance that is potentially toxic to people.

What are epidemiological studies,and what is their value? Are there any disadvantages to epidemiological studies?

A student wants to test the toxicity of water on corn plants.After providing different amounts of water to different groups of corn plants for the duration of a growing season,the student graphed the results.The graph is most likely to look like which of the dose -response curves depicted above?

The "dirty dozen" POPs targeted by the Stockholm Convention include _______________.

The European Union's experience with polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs)has shown that _______________.

Briefly explain dose -response analysis.

Explain how response to hazards can vary based upon individual differences and type of exposure.Give examples,where appropriate.

List the environmental factors and chemical properties that determine the rate of degradation of toxicants.

Debate over the use of DDT to control malaria is likely to continue.However,over the past several decades,much has been learned about how this insecticide works,and why its extensive use poses an environmental concern.Discuss three characteristics of this chemical that cause it to be problematic.

Explain what endocrine disruptors are,and give examples.Explain why endocrine disruptors are a problem for humans,and discuss why they have not been banned.

Which of the following are indoor chemical hazards?

Studies of endocrine disruptors have shown that they are closely associated with all of the following EXCEPT _______________

_______________ are substances that cause birth defects.

A risk manager would do which of the following?

Carcinogens may be difficult to identify because _______________.

The worldwide drop in sperm counts among men has been attributed to _______________.

What does the field of environmental health encompass?

The first goal of the Stockholm Convention is to _______________.

Explain risk assessment and risk management.Discuss how risk management combines science and other social factors.

According to a 2002 study by scientists at the National Water -Quality Assessment Program (NAWQA), _______________ % of U.S.streams contain traces of wastewater contaminants.

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