Question 1

Character displacement can result from all of the following EXCEPT _______________.

Accepted Answer

A) intraspecific competition 
B) natural selection 
C) resource partitioning 
D) interspecific competition 
E) the use of limited resources by multiple species 
A) intraspecific competition 
B) natural selection 
C) resource partitioning 
D) interspecific competition 
E) the use of limited resources by multiple species A

Question 2

Blight fungus kills U.S.chestnut trees because the trees ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) have not coevolved with the fungus 
B) have not matured long enough to survive 
C) are hosts to the vectors of the fungus 
D) release the fungus in the leaves that fall to the ground and the fungus is absorbed in the soil 
E) release the fungus into the soil and it is drawn up in the roots 
A) have not coevolved with the fungus 
B) have not matured long enough to survive 
C) are hosts to the vectors of the fungus 
D) release the fungus in the leaves that fall to the ground and the fungus is absorbed in the soil 
E) release the fungus into the soil and it is drawn up in the roots A

Question 3

Individuals of a single species fighting over access to a limiting resource would be an example of _______________.

Accepted Answer

A) interspecific competition 
B) competitive exclusion 
C) intraspecific competition 
D) resource partitioning 
E) symbiosis 
A) interspecific competition 
B) competitive exclusion 
C) intraspecific competition 
D) resource partitioning 
E) symbiosis C

Question 4

Benthic organisms in the Great Lakes _______________.

Accepted Answer

A) include phytoplankton 
B) live near the water's surface 
C) are harmed by the presence of zebra mussels 
D) benefit from the presence of zebra mussels 
E) include zooplankton but not phytoplankton 
A) include phytoplankton 
B) live near the water's surface 
C) are harmed by the presence of zebra mussels 
D) benefit from the presence of zebra mussels 
E) include zooplankton but not phytoplankton

Question 5

Zooplankton populations in Lake Erie and the Hudson River have declined by up to 70% or more since the arrival of zebra mussels because _______________.

Accepted Answer

A) zebra mussels carry a parasite that kills zooplankton 
B) zebra mussels prey on zooplankton 
C) waste from zebra mussels promotes bacterial growth that kills zooplankton 
D) zebra mussels feed on cyanobacteria,which zooplankton need as a food source 
E) zebra mussels block sunlight penetration into lakes and thus prevent zooplankton from photosynthesizing 
A) zebra mussels carry a parasite that kills zooplankton 
B) zebra mussels prey on zooplankton 
C) waste from zebra mussels promotes bacterial growth that kills zooplankton 
D) zebra mussels feed on cyanobacteria,which zooplankton need as a food source 
E) zebra mussels block sunlight penetration into lakes and thus prevent zooplankton from photosynthesizing

Question 6

Competitive exclusion occurs as a result of _______________.

Accepted Answer

A) resource partitioning 
B) intraspecific competition 
C) parasitism 
D) interspecific competition 
E) predation 
A) resource partitioning 
B) intraspecific competition 
C) parasitism 
D) interspecific competition 
E) predation

Question 7

Which biome would be found primarily in the temperate zone?

Accepted Answer

A) boreal forest 
B) tundra 
C) deciduous forest 
D) desert 
E) savanna 
A) boreal forest 
B) tundra 
C) deciduous forest 
D) desert 
E) savanna

Question 8

The energy content and biomass of ______________ is lowest in a terrestrial food web

Accepted Answer

A) top carnivores 
B) primary consumers is lowest in a terrestrial food web. 
C) small carnivores such as spiders and lizards 
D) detritivores and decomposers 
E) producers 
A) top carnivores 
B) primary consumers is lowest in a terrestrial food web. 
C) small carnivores such as spiders and lizards 
D) detritivores and decomposers 
E) producers

Question 9

Because of the rainshadow effect, _______________.

Accepted Answer

A) a dry region occurs on the downwind side of a mountain 
B) rainfall fluctuates,arriving in equal amounts on both sides 
C) the wet region is determined by the location of jet stream 
D) a dry region occurs on the windward side of a mountain 
E) rainfall varies,but always falls in shadow areas 
A) a dry region occurs on the downwind side of a mountain 
B) rainfall fluctuates,arriving in equal amounts on both sides 
C) the wet region is determined by the location of jet stream 
D) a dry region occurs on the windward side of a mountain 
E) rainfall varies,but always falls in shadow areas

Question 10

Fish that eat zooplankton are _______________.

Accepted Answer

A) primary consumers 
B) detritivores 
C) secondary consumers 
D) producers 
E) herbivores 
A) primary consumers 
B) detritivores 
C) secondary consumers 
D) producers 
E) herbivores

Question 11

Discuss ways to control invasive species.

Accepted Answer

Controlling and eradicating invasive spe

Question 12

A community may undergo a regime shift or a phase shift when _______________.

Accepted Answer

A) pollutants cause a rapid rise in mutations 
B) it loses a keystone species or suffers a major climatic change 
C) it has too many symbiotic relationships among species 
D) it suffers a natural fire or flood 
E) all invasive and exotic species are removed 
A) pollutants cause a rapid rise in mutations 
B) it loses a keystone species or suffers a major climatic change 
C) it has too many symbiotic relationships among species 
D) it suffers a natural fire or flood 
E) all invasive and exotic species are removed

Question 13

What ecological traits do successful invasive species possess? How do these traits interact to make controlling them difficult?

Accepted Answer

Invasive species possess high fecundity,

Question 14

Give an example of how an invasive species can cause ecological or economic harm.

Accepted Answer

Lacking predators, parasites, and/or com

Question 15

By definition,herbivores _______________

Accepted Answer

A) break down leaf litter 
B) are photosynthetic 
C) consume autotrophs 
D) eat primary consumers 
E) consume heterotrophs 
A) break down leaf litter 
B) are photosynthetic 
C) consume autotrophs 
D) eat primary consumers 
E) consume heterotrophs

Question 16

Kelp _______________.

Accepted Answer

A) is eaten by sea otters 
B) is pollinated by sea urchins 
C) suffers intense herbivory from sea urchins 
D) is eaten by orcas 
E) suffers intense herbivory from zebra mussels 
A) is eaten by sea otters 
B) is pollinated by sea urchins 
C) suffers intense herbivory from sea urchins 
D) is eaten by orcas 
E) suffers intense herbivory from zebra mussels

Question 17

By definition,parasites _______________ their hosts

Accepted Answer

A) never kill 
B) kill 
C) are much smaller than their host. 
D) get nourishment from and harm 
E) live on the external surface of 
A) never kill 
B) kill 
C) are much smaller than their host. 
D) get nourishment from and harm 
E) live on the external surface of

Question 18

Quagga mussels _____________
A)are native mussels being replaced in many areas by zebra mussels
B)were brought over from the Black Sea in an effort to eradicate zebra mussels
C)feed on bottom -feeding fish and cause declines in their populations
D)are invasive mussels that are replacing zebra mussels in many areas
E)cause a decline in aquatic plants in lakes that they have invaded

Accepted Answer

The answer of Quagga mussels _____________
A)are native mussels being replaced...

Question 19

A species' realized niche _______________.

Accepted Answer

A) is never really realized because it isn't real 
B) is the portion of a species' niche that is "taken over" by competing species 
C) cannot be smaller than its fundamental niche 
D) is the niche that a species realizes/experiences in the absence of competition 
E) cannot be larger than its fundamental niche 
A) is never really realized because it isn't real 
B) is the portion of a species' niche that is "taken over" by competing species 
C) cannot be smaller than its fundamental niche 
D) is the niche that a species realizes/experiences in the absence of competition 
E) cannot be larger than its fundamental niche

Question 20

Temperature remains relatively stable through the year in what biome?

Accepted Answer

A) temperate grassland 
B) temperate deciduous forest 
C) boreal forest 
D) tropical rainforest 
E) chaparral 
A) temperate grassland 
B) temperate deciduous forest 
C) boreal forest 
D) tropical rainforest 
E) chaparral

Exam 4: Species Interactions and Community Ecology

Character displacement can result from all of the following EXCEPT _______________.

Blight fungus kills U.S.chestnut trees because the trees ____________.

Individuals of a single species fighting over access to a limiting resource would be an example of _______________.

Benthic organisms in the Great Lakes _______________.

Zooplankton populations in Lake Erie and the Hudson River have declined by up to 70% or more since the arrival of zebra mussels because _______________.

Competitive exclusion occurs as a result of _______________.

Which biome would be found primarily in the temperate zone?

The energy content and biomass of ______________ is lowest in a terrestrial food web

Because of the rainshadow effect, _______________.

Fish that eat zooplankton are _______________.

Discuss ways to control invasive species.

A community may undergo a regime shift or a phase shift when _______________.

What ecological traits do successful invasive species possess? How do these traits interact to make controlling them difficult?

Give an example of how an invasive species can cause ecological or economic harm.

By definition,herbivores _______________

Kelp _______________.

By definition,parasites _______________ their hosts

A species' realized niche _______________.

Temperature remains relatively stable through the year in what biome?

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