Question 1

Discuss the importance of the goods and services that ocean ecosystems provide for humans.

Accepted Answer

The oceans facilitate transportation and

Question 2

Ocean water is saltiest ________________.

Accepted Answer

A) where there is high evaporation and low precipitation 
B) at the equator 
C) where there is a large amount of glacial melting 
D) where rains are the heaviest 
E) in estuaries 
A) where there is high evaporation and low precipitation 
B) at the equator 
C) where there is a large amount of glacial melting 
D) where rains are the heaviest 
E) in estuaries

Question 3

Zooxanthellae are ________________.

Accepted Answer

A) symbiotic algae that provide corals with energy via their photosynthetic activity 
B) symbiotic bacteria that decompose tissues of dead animals in oceans 
C) symbiotic bacteria that fix nitrogen in oceans 
D) an invasive species of kelp in the Indian Ocean 
E) an endangered species of fish in the Pacific Ocean 
A) symbiotic algae that provide corals with energy via their photosynthetic activity 
B) symbiotic bacteria that decompose tissues of dead animals in oceans 
C) symbiotic bacteria that fix nitrogen in oceans 
D) an invasive species of kelp in the Indian Ocean 
E) an endangered species of fish in the Pacific Ocean

Question 4

Discuss how fishing practices can damage ecosystems.Include problems associated with driftnets,longline fishing,and bottom -trawling.

Accepted Answer

The removal of species at high trophic l

Question 5

As water warms,it ________________.

Accepted Answer

A) becomes more alkaline 
B) sinks 
C) dissolves increased amounts of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere 
D) decreases in temperature 
E) decreases in density 
A) becomes more alkaline 
B) sinks 
C) dissolves increased amounts of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere 
D) decreases in temperature 
E) decreases in density

Question 6

What does it mean to say that we are "fishing down the food chain"?

Accepted Answer

Sizes of caught fish decline with higher

Question 7

The ________________ is the area that underlies the shallow water bordering continents.

Accepted Answer

A) continental shelf 
B) surface zone 
C) pycnocline 
D) bathymetric zone 
E) topographic shelf 
A) continental shelf 
B) surface zone 
C) pycnocline 
D) bathymetric zone 
E) topographic shelf

Question 8

If you are a marine biologist who wants to study organisms that are capable of chemosynthesis,where would you collect organisms for your research?

Accepted Answer

A) near deep -ocean hydrothermal vents 
B) in mangrove forests 
C) in kelp forests 
D) in the pelagic zone 
E) in estuaries 
A) near deep -ocean hydrothermal vents 
B) in mangrove forests 
C) in kelp forests 
D) in the pelagic zone 
E) in estuaries

Question 9

Discuss the impacts of human -made pollution on ocean ecosystems.

Accepted Answer

Oceans have long been a sink for human w

Question 10

The rapid melting of Greenland's ice cap could disrupt the North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) formation by ________________

Accepted Answer

A) adding excess nutrients to cold northern waters 
B) acidifying ocean waters of the North Atlantic 
C) adding huge amounts of less dense fresh water to the surface of the North Atlantic 
D) adding heat and salt to deep ocean waters in the North Atlantic 
E) adding huge amounts of dense fresh water to the deep ocean in the North Atlantic 
A) adding excess nutrients to cold northern waters 
B) acidifying ocean waters of the North Atlantic 
C) adding huge amounts of less dense fresh water to the surface of the North Atlantic 
D) adding heat and salt to deep ocean waters in the North Atlantic 
E) adding huge amounts of dense fresh water to the deep ocean in the North Atlantic

Question 11

Explain the goals of traditional fisheries management.What approach do scientists think would improve current management techniques?

Accepted Answer

For decades,fisheries management has bee

Question 12

Currently,the greatest ecological crisis facing marine organisms and food webs is ________________.

Accepted Answer

A) overharvesting 
B) plastic dumping 
C) radiation 
D) oil spills 
E) abandoned fishing nets 
A) overharvesting 
B) plastic dumping 
C) radiation 
D) oil spills 
E) abandoned fishing nets

Question 13

In 1992,the Canadian government ________________

Accepted Answer

A) ordered a ban on cod fishing 
B) started harvesting manganese nodules from the ocean floor 
C) gave subsidies to fishermen who were losing money owing to low fish harvests 
D) enacted laws to protect many species of whales 
E) banned the use of trawl fishing 
A) ordered a ban on cod fishing 
B) started harvesting manganese nodules from the ocean floor 
C) gave subsidies to fishermen who were losing money owing to low fish harvests 
D) enacted laws to protect many species of whales 
E) banned the use of trawl fishing

Question 14

All of the following statements about mangroves are true EXCEPT ________________.

Accepted Answer

A) mangroves have root systems that can act as snorkels for getting oxygen from the air 
B) mangroves and kelp are usually found growing in the same area 
C) mangroves are adapted to growing in a salty environment 
D) mangroves protect shorelines from tsunamis and storm surges 
E) mangrove forests are often destroyed to build shrimp aquaculture facilities 
A) mangroves have root systems that can act as snorkels for getting oxygen from the air 
B) mangroves and kelp are usually found growing in the same area 
C) mangroves are adapted to growing in a salty environment 
D) mangroves protect shorelines from tsunamis and storm surges 
E) mangrove forests are often destroyed to build shrimp aquaculture facilities

Question 15

Oceanographers are studying the thermohaline currents to determine whether ________________.

Accepted Answer

A) they could be replaced with artificial currents if damaged by changing temperatures 
B) fresh water is more dense than saltwater 
C) warm water from polar and glacial melt is affecting the chemistry of the currents 
D) global climate change may slow or alter their path 
E) ocean water is becoming more acidic 
A) they could be replaced with artificial currents if damaged by changing temperatures 
B) fresh water is more dense than saltwater 
C) warm water from polar and glacial melt is affecting the chemistry of the currents 
D) global climate change may slow or alter their path 
E) ocean water is becoming more acidic

Question 16

In 2006,Congress ________________ to address the issue of solid wastes in oceans.

Accepted Answer

A) passed the Marine Debris Research,Prevention and Reduction Act 
B) instituted the FAO 
C) first established Marine Protected Areas 
D) passed the U.S.Oil Pollution Act 
E) passed the Mangrove Protection Act 
A) passed the Marine Debris Research,Prevention and Reduction Act 
B) instituted the FAO 
C) first established Marine Protected Areas 
D) passed the U.S.Oil Pollution Act 
E) passed the Mangrove Protection Act

Question 17

Bottom trawling is most likely to harm ________________.

Accepted Answer

A) estuaries 
B) jetliners 
C) sea turtles such as giant leatherbacks 
D) coral reefs 
E) the ocean's photic zone 
A) estuaries 
B) jetliners 
C) sea turtles such as giant leatherbacks 
D) coral reefs 
E) the ocean's photic zone

Question 18

Explain the response of Canadian cod populations in the area of the Grand Banks after the 1992 moratorium on cod fishing.

Accepted Answer

Cod populations did not immediately rebo

Exam 16: Marine and Coastal Systems and Resources

Discuss the importance of the goods and services that ocean ecosystems provide for humans.

Ocean water is saltiest ________________.

Zooxanthellae are ________________.

Discuss how fishing practices can damage ecosystems.Include problems associated with driftnets,longline fishing,and bottom -trawling.

As water warms,it ________________.

What does it mean to say that we are "fishing down the food chain"?

The ________________ is the area that underlies the shallow water bordering continents.

If you are a marine biologist who wants to study organisms that are capable of chemosynthesis,where would you collect organisms for your research?

Discuss the impacts of human -made pollution on ocean ecosystems.

The rapid melting of Greenland's ice cap could disrupt the North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) formation by ________________

Explain the goals of traditional fisheries management.What approach do scientists think would improve current management techniques?

Currently,the greatest ecological crisis facing marine organisms and food webs is ________________.

In 1992,the Canadian government ________________

All of the following statements about mangroves are true EXCEPT ________________.

Oceanographers are studying the thermohaline currents to determine whether ________________.

In 2006,Congress ________________ to address the issue of solid wastes in oceans.

Bottom trawling is most likely to harm ________________.

Explain the response of Canadian cod populations in the area of the Grand Banks after the 1992 moratorium on cod fishing.

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