Question 1

Figure 36.2
-In Figure 36.2,which numbers correspond to the vas deferens?

Accepted Answer

A) 1,4 
B) 2,6 
C) 8,13 
D) 3,7 
E) 5,12 
A) 1,4 
B) 2,6 
C) 8,13 
D) 3,7 
E) 5,12

Question 2

Select the choice that correctly associates the organ with its embryonic sources.

Accepted Answer

A) pituitary gland-mesoderm and endoderm 
B) thyroid gland-mesoderm and ectoderm 
C) adrenal gland (adrenal medulla and adrenal cortex)-ectoderm and mesoderm 
D) skin-endoderm and mesoderm 
E) jaws-mesoderm and endoderm 
A) pituitary gland-mesoderm and endoderm 
B) thyroid gland-mesoderm and ectoderm 
C) adrenal gland (adrenal medulla and adrenal cortex)-ectoderm and mesoderm 
D) skin-endoderm and mesoderm 
E) jaws-mesoderm and endoderm

Question 3

The secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone from the anterior pituitary gland is reduced by

Accepted Answer

A) inhibin. 
B) luteinizing hormone. 
C) oxytocin. 
D) prolactin. 
E) vasopressin. 
A) inhibin. 
B) luteinizing hormone. 
C) oxytocin. 
D) prolactin. 
E) vasopressin.

Question 4

Figure 36.2
-In Figure 36.2,which number corresponds to a structure that is found in males but not females?

Accepted Answer

A) 2 
B) 5 
C) 11 
D) 13 
E) 15 
A) 2 
B) 5 
C) 11 
D) 13 
E) 15

Question 5

The cervix is formed by the junction of the

Accepted Answer

A) upper vagina and uterus. 
B) lower vagina and labia minora. 
C) ovary and uterus. 
D) clitoris and labia majora. 
A) upper vagina and uterus. 
B) lower vagina and labia minora. 
C) ovary and uterus. 
D) clitoris and labia majora.

Question 6

During human sexual excitement,vasocongestion occurs

Accepted Answer

A) only in the penis. 
B) only in the testes. 
C) only in the clitoris. 
D) only in the vagina and penis. 
E) in the clitoris,vagina,and penis. 
A) only in the penis. 
B) only in the testes. 
C) only in the clitoris. 
D) only in the vagina and penis. 
E) in the clitoris,vagina,and penis.

Question 7

An oocyte released from a human ovary enters the oviduct as a result of

Accepted Answer

A) the beating action of the flagellum on the oocyte. 
B) the force of the follicular ejection directing the oocyte into the oviduct. 
C) the wavelike beating of cilia lining the oviduct. 
D) movement of the oocyte through the pulsating uterus into the oviduct. 
E) peristaltic contraction of ovarian muscles. 
A) the beating action of the flagellum on the oocyte. 
B) the force of the follicular ejection directing the oocyte into the oviduct. 
C) the wavelike beating of cilia lining the oviduct. 
D) movement of the oocyte through the pulsating uterus into the oviduct. 
E) peristaltic contraction of ovarian muscles.

Question 8

Which of these refers to parthenogenesis?

Accepted Answer

A) An individual may change its sex. 
B) Groups of cells grow into new individuals. 
C) An organism is first a male and then a female. 
D) An egg develops without being fertilized. 
A) An individual may change its sex. 
B) Groups of cells grow into new individuals. 
C) An organism is first a male and then a female. 
D) An egg develops without being fertilized.

Question 9

Fertilization of human eggs usually takes place in the ________,whereas implantation occurs in the ________.

Accepted Answer

A) ovary;uterus 
B) uterus;ovary 
C) vagina;oviduct 
D) oviduct;uterus 
E) cervix;vagina 
A) ovary;uterus 
B) uterus;ovary 
C) vagina;oviduct 
D) oviduct;uterus 
E) cervix;vagina

Question 10

The hypothalamic hormone that stimulates hormone secretion by the anterior pituitary gland is

Accepted Answer

A) luteinizing hormone (LH). 
B) follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). 
C) inhibin. 
D) gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). 
E) estradiol. 
A) luteinizing hormone (LH). 
B) follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). 
C) inhibin. 
D) gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). 
E) estradiol.

Question 11

Springtails are a type of arthropod.Male springtails drop tiny beads of semen attached to stalks.Females that are ready to reproduce search out these drops and take them into their genital opening.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) external fertilization without copulation. 
B) external fertilization with copulation. 
C) internal fertilization without copulation. 
D) internal fertilization with copulation. 
A) external fertilization without copulation. 
B) external fertilization with copulation. 
C) internal fertilization without copulation. 
D) internal fertilization with copulation.

Question 12

One of the evolutionary "enigmas," or unsolved puzzles,of sexual reproduction is that

Accepted Answer

A) sexual reproduction allows for more rapid population growth than does asexual reproduction. 
B) only half of the offspring from sexually reproducing females are also females. 
C) asexual reproduction produces offspring of greater genetic variety. 
D) sexual reproduction is completed more rapidly than asexual reproduction. 
E) asexual reproduction is better suited to environments with extremely varying conditions. 
A) sexual reproduction allows for more rapid population growth than does asexual reproduction. 
B) only half of the offspring from sexually reproducing females are also females. 
C) asexual reproduction produces offspring of greater genetic variety. 
D) sexual reproduction is completed more rapidly than asexual reproduction. 
E) asexual reproduction is better suited to environments with extremely varying conditions.

Question 13

Labor contractions can be increased by the medical use of a synthetic drug that mimics the action of

Accepted Answer

A) inhibin. 
B) luteinizing hormone. 
C) oxytocin. 
D) prolactin. 
E) vasopressin. 
A) inhibin. 
B) luteinizing hormone. 
C) oxytocin. 
D) prolactin. 
E) vasopressin.

Question 14

What occurs during gastrulation?

Accepted Answer

A) The sperm penetrates the egg. 
B) The blastula is formed. 
C) Rudimentary body organs develop. 
D) Three germ tissue layers are established. 
A) The sperm penetrates the egg. 
B) The blastula is formed. 
C) Rudimentary body organs develop. 
D) Three germ tissue layers are established.

Question 15

-The lizard species A.uniparens experiences varying sexual reproductive behaviors depending on hormone levels.The data in Figure 36.4b are shown for the brown lizard in the images.What do you think would happen to the brown lizard if progesterone levels stayed consistently low?

Accepted Answer

A) The brown lizard would alternate between female and male-like. 
B) The brown lizard would always stay female. 
C) The brown lizard would always stay male-like. 
A) The brown lizard would alternate between female and male-like. 
B) The brown lizard would always stay female. 
C) The brown lizard would always stay male-like.

Question 16

The hormone progesterone is produced by which structure and acts on which organ?

Accepted Answer

A) pituitary and acts directly on the ovary 
B) uterus and acts directly on the pituitary 
C) ovary and acts directly on the uterus 
D) pituitary and acts directly on the uterus 
A) pituitary and acts directly on the ovary 
B) uterus and acts directly on the pituitary 
C) ovary and acts directly on the uterus 
D) pituitary and acts directly on the uterus

Question 17

In close comparisons,external fertilization often yields more offspring than does internal fertilization.However,internal fertilization offers the advantage that

Accepted Answer

A) it is the only way to ensure the survival of the species. 
B) it requires less time and energy to be devoted to reproduction. 
C) the smaller number of offspring produced often receive a greater amount of parental investment. 
D) it permits the most rapid population increase. 
E) it requires expression of fewer genes and maximizes genetic stability. 
A) it is the only way to ensure the survival of the species. 
B) it requires less time and energy to be devoted to reproduction. 
C) the smaller number of offspring produced often receive a greater amount of parental investment. 
D) it permits the most rapid population increase. 
E) it requires expression of fewer genes and maximizes genetic stability.

Question 18

In mammals,the nuclei resulting from the union of the sperm and the egg are first truly diploid at the end of the

Accepted Answer

A) acrosomal reaction. 
B) completion of spermatogenesis. 
C) initial cleavage. 
D) activation of the egg. 
E) completion of gastrulation. 
A) acrosomal reaction. 
B) completion of spermatogenesis. 
C) initial cleavage. 
D) activation of the egg. 
E) completion of gastrulation.

Question 19

The cortical reaction functions directly in the

Accepted Answer

A) formation of a fertilization envelope. 
B) production of a fast block to polyspermy. 
C) release of hydrolytic enzymes from the sperm cell. 
D) generation of a nerve-like impulse by the egg cell. 
E) fusion of egg and sperm nuclei. 
A) formation of a fertilization envelope. 
B) production of a fast block to polyspermy. 
C) release of hydrolytic enzymes from the sperm cell. 
D) generation of a nerve-like impulse by the egg cell. 
E) fusion of egg and sperm nuclei.

Question 20

What embryo-produced hormone maintains progesterone and estrogen secretion by the corpus luteum through the first trimester of pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

A) luteinizing hormone (LH) 
B) follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) 
C) progesterone 
D) human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) 
E) gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) 
A) luteinizing hormone (LH) 
B) follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) 
C) progesterone 
D) human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) 
E) gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

Exam 36: Reproduction and Development

Figure 36.2 -In Figure 36.2,which numbers correspond to the vas deferens?

Select the choice that correctly associates the organ with its embryonic sources.

The secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone from the anterior pituitary gland is reduced by

Figure 36.2 -In Figure 36.2,which number corresponds to a structure that is found in males but not females?

The cervix is formed by the junction of the

During human sexual excitement,vasocongestion occurs

An oocyte released from a human ovary enters the oviduct as a result of

Which of these refers to parthenogenesis?

Fertilization of human eggs usually takes place in the ________,whereas implantation occurs in the ________.

The hypothalamic hormone that stimulates hormone secretion by the anterior pituitary gland is

Springtails are a type of arthropod.Male springtails drop tiny beads of semen attached to stalks.Females that are ready to reproduce search out these drops and take them into their genital opening.This is an example of

One of the evolutionary "enigmas," or unsolved puzzles,of sexual reproduction is that

Labor contractions can be increased by the medical use of a synthetic drug that mimics the action of

What occurs during gastrulation?

-The lizard species A.uniparens experiences varying sexual reproductive behaviors depending on hormone levels.The data in Figure 36.4b are shown for the brown lizard in the images.What do you think would happen to the brown lizard if progesterone levels stayed consistently low?

The hormone progesterone is produced by which structure and acts on which organ?

In close comparisons,external fertilization often yields more offspring than does internal fertilization.However,internal fertilization offers the advantage that

In mammals,the nuclei resulting from the union of the sperm and the egg are first truly diploid at the end of the

The cortical reaction functions directly in the

What embryo-produced hormone maintains progesterone and estrogen secretion by the corpus luteum through the first trimester of pregnancy?

Introduction: Evolution and the Foundations of Biology

The Chemical Context of Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Transport and Cell Signaling

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Development,stem Cells,and Cancer

Viruses

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification

Phylogeny

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

Broad Patterns of Evolution

Early Life and the Diversification of Prokaryotes

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

The Colonization of Land by Plants and Fungi

The Rise of Animal Diversity

Plant Structure and Growth

Resource Acquisition,nutrition,and Transport in Vascular Plants

Reproduction and Domestication of Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Homeostasis and Endocrine Signaling

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Neurons,synapses,and Signaling

Nervous and Sensory Systems

Motor Mechanisms and Behavior

Population Ecology and the Distribution of Organisms

Ecological Communities

Ecosystems and Energy

Conservation Biology and Global Change

Filters

Fertilization of human eggs usually takes place in the ,whereas implantation occurs in the .