Question 1

List the three major lipases in human adipocytes and explain the regulatory mechanism for one of the lipases.

Accepted Answer

Adipose triglyceride lipase, hormone-sen

Question 2

Which missing enzyme results in Niemann-Pick disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  "phospholipase A2" 
B)  "sphingomyelinase" 
C)  "$\alpha$-galactosidase A" 
D)  "hexosaminidase A" 
A)  "phospholipase A2" 
B)  "sphingomyelinase" 
C)  "$\alpha$-galactosidase A" 
D)  "hexosaminidase A"

Question 3

Which step in glucagon signaling occurs in the Gs $\alpha$ protein? 1. A hydrolysis reaction cleaves a fatty acid from the stored triacylglycerols to generate diacylglycerol and a fatty acid.
2) The regulatory protein G58 binds to adipose triglyceride lipase.
3) Perilipin is phosphorylated on the surface of lipid droplets.
4) Albumin transports the free fatty acid.
5) A GDP-GTP exchange stimulates cyclic AMP production by the enzyme adenylate cyclase.

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  5 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  5

Question 4

Which of the following membranes would have the greatest fluidity based on the following percentage of cholesterol in the membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  10% 
B)  25% 
C)  30% 
D)  40% 
A)  10% 
B)  25% 
C)  30% 
D)  40%

Question 5

Snake venom often secretes phospholipase A2 enzymes, which cleave

Accepted Answer

A)  glycerophospholipids. 
B)  ceramides. 
C)  sphingosines. 
D)  gangliosides. 
A)  glycerophospholipids. 
B)  ceramides. 
C)  sphingosines. 
D)  gangliosides.

Question 6

Which eicosanoid regulates blood vessel constriction?

Accepted Answer

A)  prostaglandin 
B)  prostacyclin 
C)  thromboxane 
D)  leukotriene 
A)  prostaglandin 
B)  prostacyclin 
C)  thromboxane 
D)  leukotriene

Question 7

Which eicosanoid controls platelet formation?

Accepted Answer

A)  prostaglandin 
B)  prostacyclin 
C)  thromboxane 
D)  leukotriene 
A)  prostaglandin 
B)  prostacyclin 
C)  thromboxane 
D)  leukotriene

Question 8

Compared with other areas of the membrane, lipid rafts contain more

Accepted Answer

A)  sphingolipids. 
B)  phosphatidylcholine. 
C)  phosphatidylinositol. 
D)  gangliosides. 
A)  sphingolipids. 
B)  phosphatidylcholine. 
C)  phosphatidylinositol. 
D)  gangliosides.

Question 9

25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 is converted to 1,25-hydroxyvitamin D3 by

Accepted Answer

A)  P450C1 hydroxylase. 
B)  P450C12 hydroxylase. 
C)  P450C25 hydroxylase. 
D)  ultraviolet light. 
A)  P450C1 hydroxylase. 
B)  P450C12 hydroxylase. 
C)  P450C25 hydroxylase. 
D)  ultraviolet light.

Question 10

A patient is having problems regulating blood pressure and has poor kidney function. Which steroid could be responsible for this?

Accepted Answer

A)  progesterone 
B)  cortisol 
C)  aldosterone 
D)  estradiol 
A)  progesterone 
B)  cortisol 
C)  aldosterone 
D)  estradiol

Question 11

During the process of saponification, fatty acid molecules are released from triacylglycerols by treatment(s) with a strong

Accepted Answer

A)  base. 
B)  acid. 
C)  base and heat. 
D)  acid and heat. 
A)  base. 
B)  acid. 
C)  base and heat. 
D)  acid and heat.

Question 12

Chylomicrons are produced in

Accepted Answer

A)  liver cells. 
B)  intestinal epithelial cells. 
C)  stomach cells. 
D)  adipocytes. 
A)  liver cells. 
B)  intestinal epithelial cells. 
C)  stomach cells. 
D)  adipocytes.

Question 13

VLDLs are produced in

Accepted Answer

A)  liver cells. 
B)  intestinal epithelial cells. 
C)  stomach cells. 
D)  adipocytes. 
A)  liver cells. 
B)  intestinal epithelial cells. 
C)  stomach cells. 
D)  adipocytes.

Question 14

Define lipid rafts and explain their function.

Accepted Answer

Lipid rafts are assemblies of

Question 15

Which of the following amino alcohols act as the functional group attached to a phosphate in a glycerophospholipid?

Accepted Answer

A)  methanolamine 
B)  ethanolamine 
C)  propanolamine 
D)  butanolamine 
A)  methanolamine 
B)  ethanolamine 
C)  propanolamine 
D)  butanolamine

Question 16

Which particles transport triacylglycerols to adipose tissue for storage?

Accepted Answer

A)  apolipoproteins 
B)  adipocytes 
C)  chylomicrons 
D)  perilipin 
A)  apolipoproteins 
B)  adipocytes 
C)  chylomicrons 
D)  perilipin

Question 17

Compare the lipid signaling molecules derived from cholesterol to those derived from the $ \omega $-6 fatty acid arachidonate.

Accepted Answer

Cholesterol is the precursor to the ster

Question 18

Predict the fatty acid with the highest melting point.

Accepted Answer

A)  trans 14:1 ($\Delta$7) 
B)  cis 14:2 ($\Delta$7,9) 
C)  trans 14:2 ($\Delta$7,9) 
D)  cis 14:3 ($\Delta$7,9,11) 
A)  trans 14:1 ($\Delta$7) 
B)  cis 14:2 ($\Delta$7,9) 
C)  trans 14:2 ($\Delta$7,9) 
D)  cis 14:3 ($\Delta$7,9,11)

Question 19

Compare and contrast saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids.

Accepted Answer

Saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsa

Question 20

Compare the results when anti-inflammatory drugs inhibit COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes.

Accepted Answer

COX-1 produces prostaglandins that stimu

Exam 15: Lipid Structure and Function

List the three major lipases in human adipocytes and explain the regulatory mechanism for one of the lipases.

Which missing enzyme results in Niemann-Pick disease?

Which of the following membranes would have the greatest fluidity based on the following percentage of cholesterol in the membrane?

Snake venom often secretes phospholipase A2 enzymes, which cleave

Which eicosanoid regulates blood vessel constriction?

Which eicosanoid controls platelet formation?

Compared with other areas of the membrane, lipid rafts contain more

25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 is converted to 1,25-hydroxyvitamin D3 by

A patient is having problems regulating blood pressure and has poor kidney function. Which steroid could be responsible for this?

During the process of saponification, fatty acid molecules are released from triacylglycerols by treatment(s) with a strong

Chylomicrons are produced in

VLDLs are produced in

Define lipid rafts and explain their function.

Which of the following amino alcohols act as the functional group attached to a phosphate in a glycerophospholipid?

Which particles transport triacylglycerols to adipose tissue for storage?

Compare the lipid signaling molecules derived from cholesterol to those derived from the ω \omega ω -6 fatty acid arachidonate.

Predict the fatty acid with the highest melting point.

Compare and contrast saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids.

Compare the results when anti-inflammatory drugs inhibit COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes.

Principles of Biochemistry

Physical Biochemistry: Energy Conversion, Water, and Membranes

Nucleic Acid Structure and Function

Protein Structure

Methods in Protein Biochemistry

Protein Function

Enzyme Mechanisms

Cell Signaling Systems

Glycolysis: a Paradigm of Metabolic Regulation

The Citrate Cycle

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Photosynthesis

Carbohydrate Structure and Function

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Lipid Metabolism

Amino Acid Metabolism

Nucleotide Metabolism

Metabolic Integration

DNA Replication, Repair, and Recombination

RNA Synthesis, Processing, and Gene Silencing

Protein Synthesis, Posttranslational Modification, and Transport

Gene Regulation

Filters

Snake venom often secretes phospholipase A₂ enzymes, which cleave

25-Hydroxyvitamin D₃ is converted to 1,25-hydroxyvitamin D₃ by

Compare the lipid signaling molecules derived from cholesterol to those derived from the $\omega$ -6 fatty acid arachidonate.